Articles | Volume 19, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3897-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3897-2025
Research article
 | 
16 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 16 Sep 2025

Seasonal and interannual variability in freshwater sources for Greenland's fjords

Anneke L. Vries, Willem Jan van de Berg, Brice Noël, Lorenz Meire, and Michiel R. van den Broeke

Related authors

The surface mass balance and near-surface climate of the Antarctic ice sheet in RACMO2.4p1
Christiaan T. van Dalum, Willem Jan van de Berg, Michiel R. van den Broeke, and Maurice van Tiggelen
The Cryosphere, 19, 4061–4090, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4061-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4061-2025, 2025
Short summary
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU) Antarctic automatic weather station data, including surface radiation balance (1995–2022)
Maurice van Tiggelen, Paul C. J. P. Smeets, Carleen H. Reijmer, Peter Kuipers Munneke, and Michiel R. van den Broeke
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 4933–4955, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-4933-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-4933-2025, 2025
Short summary
On the non-linear response of Antarctic ice shelf surface melt to warming
Marte Gé Hofsteenge, Willem Jan van de Berg, Christiaan van Dalum, Kristiina Verro, Maurice van Tiggelen, and Michiel van den Broeke
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4176,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4176, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
Short summary
Modeled Greenland Ice Sheet evolution constrained by ice-core-derived Holocene elevation histories
Mikkel Langgaard Lauritzen, Anne Solgaard, Nicholas Mossor Rathmann, Bo Møllesøe Vinther, Aslak Grindsted, Brice Noël, Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir, and Christine Schøtt Hvidberg
The Cryosphere, 19, 3599–3622, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3599-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3599-2025, 2025
Short summary
Extending the range and reach of physically-based Greenland ice sheet sea-level projections
Heiko Goelzer, Constantijn J. Berends, Fredrik Boberg, Gael Durand, Tamsin Edwards, Xavier Fettweis, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Quentin Glaude, Philippe Huybrechts, Sébastien Le clec'h, Ruth Mottram, Brice Noël, Martin Olesen, Charlotte Rahlves, Jeremy Rohmer, Michiel van den Broeke, and Roderik S. W. van de Wal
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3098,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3098, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
Short summary

Cited articles

Abermann, J., Langley, K., Myreng, S. M., Rasmussen, K., and Petersen, D.: Heterogeneous timing of freshwater input into Kobbefjord, a low-arctic fjord in Greenland, Hydrol. Process., 35, e14413, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14413, 2021. a
Bamber, J. L., Tedstone, A. J., King, M. D., Howat, I. M., Enderlin, E. M., van den Broeke, M. R., and Noel, B.: Land Ice Freshwater Budget of the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans: 1. Data, Methods, and Results, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 1827–1837, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013605, 2018. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h
Box, J. E., Nielsen, K. P., Yang, X., Niwano, M., Wehrlé, A., van As, D., Fettweis, X., Køltzow, M. A., Palmason, B., Fausto, R. S., van den Broeke, M. R., Huai, B., Ahlstrøm, A. P., Langley, K., Dachauer, A., and Noël, B.: Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids, Meteorol. Appl., 30, e2134, https://doi.org/10.1002/MET.2134, 2023. a
Braithwaite, R. J., Laternser, M., and Pfeffer, W. T.: Variations of near-surface firn density in the lower accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet, Pâkitsoq, West Greenland, J. Glaciol., 40, 477–485, https://doi.org/10.3189/S002214300001234X, 1994. a
Cottier, F. R., Nilsen, F., Skogseth, R., Tverberg, V., Skardhamar, J., and Svendsen, H.: Arctic fjords: A review of the oceanographic environment and dominant physical processes, Geol. Soc. Sp., 344, 35–50, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP344.4, 2010. a
Download
Short summary
Freshwater flows into Greenland's fjords from various sources. Solid ice discharge (e.g. calving icebergs) dominates freshwater input in the southeast and northwest. In contrast, in the southwest, runoff from the ice sheet and tundra are the most significant. Seasonal data revealed that fjord precipitation and tundra runoff contribute up to 11 % and 35 % of the monthly freshwater input, respectively. Our results provide valuable input for ocean models and for researchers studying fjord ecosystems.
Share