Articles | Volume 14, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3329-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3329-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Oct 2020
Research article |
| 06 Oct 2020
| 06 Oct 2020
Frazil ice growth and production during katabatic wind events in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
Lisa Thompson
Department of Science, US Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT, USA
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island,
Narragansett, RI, USA
Madison Smith
Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Jim Thomson
Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Sharon Stammerjohn
Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at
Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Steve Ackley
Center for Advanced Measurements in Extreme Environments, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island,
Narragansett, RI, USA
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Autonomous platforms in the Amundsen Sea have allowed for detection of isolated water masses that are colder, saltier and denser than overlying water. They are also associated with a higher dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and lower pH. The water masses, referred to as lenses, could have implications for the transfer of heat and storage of carbon in the region. We hypothesise that they form in surrounding areas that experience intense cooling and sea ice formation in autumn/winter.
Kyla Drushka, Elizabeth Westbrook, Frederick M. Bingham, Peter Gaube, Suzanne Dickinson, Severine Fournier, Viviane Menezes, Sidharth Misra, Jaynice Pérez Valentín, Edwin J. Rainville, Julian J. Schanze, Carlyn Schmidgall, Andrey Shcherbina, Michael Steele, Jim Thomson, and Seth Zippel
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Alessandra D'Angelo, Cynthia Garcia-Eidell, Zak Kerrigan, Jacob Strock, Frances Crable, Nikolas VanKeersbilck, Humair Raziuddin, Theressa Ewa, Samira Umar, Andrew L. King, Miquel Gonzelez-Meler, and Brice Loose
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In summer 2019, the Northwest Passage Project explored the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Our study revealed methane oversaturation in upper CAA waters, driven by meltwater, turbidity, and specific microbial activity. It highlights the need to distinguish active methane zones. Western CAA showed higher methane activity, while the east had lower levels due to Atlantic Water influence. These findings contribute to understanding Arctic methane dynamics and its climate change implications.
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In this paper, we seek to further elucidate the methane budget in the Northwest Passage, and detect its main association with the environmental features and the biogenic control within the water column and the sea ice. Collectively, we can divide the entire study area into: (a) sea ice, with methane excess; (b) meltwaters, characterized by methane oxidations in oversaturated waters; (c) Pacific waters, with high methane oxidation rates; (d) Atlantic regime, mostly abiotic for methane.
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YoungHyun Koo, Hongjie Xie, Stephen F. Ackley, Alberto M. Mestas-Nuñez, Grant J. Macdonald, and Chang-Uk Hyun
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This study demonstrates for the first time the potential of Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud-computing platform and Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for semi-automated tracking of area changes and movements of iceberg B43. Our novel GEE-based iceberg tracking can be used to construct a large iceberg database for a better understanding of the behavior of icebergs and their interactions with surrounding environments.
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Polynyas are key sites of sea ice production, biological activity and carbon sequestration. The Amundsen Sea Polynya is of particular interest due to its size and location. By analyzing radar imagery and climate and sea ice data products we evaluate variations in the dynamics, area and ice production of the Amundsen Sea Polynya. In particular, we find the local sea floor topography and associated grounded icebergs play an important role in the polynyas dynamics, influencing ice production.
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Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4067–4119, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4067-2021, 2021
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The EUREC4A field campaign, designed to test hypothesized mechanisms by which clouds respond to warming and benchmark next-generation Earth-system models, is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic – eastward and southeastward of Barbados. It was the first campaign that attempted to characterize the full range of processes and scales influencing trade wind clouds.
Patricia K. Quinn, Elizabeth J. Thompson, Derek J. Coffman, Sunil Baidar, Ludovic Bariteau, Timothy S. Bates, Sebastien Bigorre, Alan Brewer, Gijs de Boer, Simon P. de Szoeke, Kyla Drushka, Gregory R. Foltz, Janet Intrieri, Suneil Iyer, Chris W. Fairall, Cassandra J. Gaston, Friedhelm Jansen, James E. Johnson, Ovid O. Krüger, Richard D. Marchbanks, Kenneth P. Moran, David Noone, Sergio Pezoa, Robert Pincus, Albert J. Plueddemann, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Estefania Quinones Melendez, Haley M. Royer, Malgorzata Szczodrak, Jim Thomson, Lucia M. Upchurch, Chidong Zhang, Dongxiao Zhang, and Paquita Zuidema
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1759–1790, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1759-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1759-2021, 2021
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ATOMIC took place in the northwestern tropical Atlantic during January and February of 2020 to gather information on shallow atmospheric convection, the effects of aerosols and clouds on the ocean surface energy budget, and mesoscale oceanic processes. Measurements made from the NOAA RV Ronald H. Brown and assets it deployed (instrumented mooring and uncrewed seagoing vehicles) are described herein to advance widespread use of the data by the ATOMIC and broader research communities.
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Short summary
The offshore winds around Antarctica can reach hurricane strength and produce intense cooling, causing the surface ocean to form a slurry of seawater and ice crystals. For the first time, we observed a buildup of heat and salt in the surface ocean, caused by loose ice crystal formation. We conclude that up to 1 m of ice was formed per day by the intense cooling, suggesting that unconsolidated crystals may be an important part of the total freezing that happens around Antarctica.
The offshore winds around Antarctica can reach hurricane strength and produce intense cooling,...
