Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3073-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3073-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
28 May 2026
Research article |
| 28 May 2026
| 28 May 2026
Langmuir turbulence in the Arctic Ocean: insights from a coupled sea ice–wave model
Aikaterini Tavri
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Chris Horvat
Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Brodie Pearson
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
Guillaume Boutin
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Anne Hansen
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
Ara Lee
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Sea ice cover in the Arctic is full of cracks, which we call leads. We suspect that these leads play a role for atmosphere–ocean interactions in polar regions, but their importance remains challenging to estimate. We use a new ocean–sea ice model with an original way of representing sea ice dynamics to estimate their impact on winter sea ice production. This model successfully represents sea ice evolution from 2000 to 2018, and we find that about 30 % of ice production takes place in leads.
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Sea ice is a composite of individual pieces, called floes, ranging in horizontal size from meters to kilometers. Variations in sea ice geometry are often forced by ocean waves, a process that is an important target of global climate models as it affects the rate of sea ice melting. Yet directly simulating these interactions is computationally expensive. We present a neural-network-based model of wave–ice fracture that allows models to incorporate their effect without added computational cost.
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Short summary
In the Arctic, declining sea ice allows waves to penetrate farther into ice-covered regions, altering ocean–atmosphere exchanges of heat and momentum. Wave–wind interactions can enhance upper-ocean mixing and influence heat storage, but this process is poorly understood in sea ice. Using a coupled wave–sea ice model, we show that such mixing is intermittent and localized, yet likely to become more important as Arctic sea ice continues to decline.
In the Arctic, declining sea ice allows waves to penetrate farther into ice-covered regions,...
