Articles | Volume 17, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4917-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4917-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Nov 2023
Research article |
| 24 Nov 2023
| 24 Nov 2023
Antarctic permafrost processes and antiphase dynamics of cold-based glaciers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys inferred from 10Be and 26Al cosmogenic nuclides
Jacob T. H. Anderson
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Ōtepoti / Dunedin, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Toshiyuki Fujioka
Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, Burgos 09002, Spain
David Fink
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
Alan J. Hidy
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
Gary S. Wilson
Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Ōtepoti / Dunedin, Aotearoa / New Zealand
GNS Science, P.O. Box 30368, Lower Hutt 5040, Te Whanganui-a-Tara / Wellington, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Klaus Wilcken
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
Andrey Abramov
Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science, Pushchino, Russia
Nikita Demidov
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
Related authors
No articles found.
Alia J. Lesnek, Joseph M. Licciardi, Alan J. Hidy, and Tyler S. Anderson
Geochronology, 6, 475–489, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-475-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-475-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present an improved workflow for extracting and measuring chlorine isotopes in rocks and minerals. Experiments on seven geologic samples demonstrate that our workflow provides reliable results while offering several distinct advantages over traditional methods. Most notably, our workflow reduces the amount of isotopically enriched chlorine spike used per rock sample by up to 95 %, which will allow researchers to analyze more samples using their existing laboratory supplies.
Oswald Malcles, Philippe Vernant, David Fink, Gaël Cazes, Jean-François Ritz, Toshiyuki Fujioka, and Jean Chéry
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 679–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-679-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-679-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the Grands Causses area (Southern France), we study the relationship between the evolution of the river, its incision through time, and the location of the nearby caves. It is commonly accepted that horizontal caves are formed during a period of river stability (no incision) at the elevation of the river. Our original results show that it is wrong in our case study. Therefore, another model of cave formation is proposed that does not rely on direct river control over cave locations.
Greg Balco, Alan J. Hidy, William T. Struble, and Joshua J. Roering
Geochronology, 6, 71–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-71-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-71-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We describe a new method of reconstructing the long-term, pre-observational frequency and/or intensity of wildfires in forested landscapes using trace concentrations of the noble gases helium and neon that are formed in soil mineral grains by cosmic-ray bombardment of the Earth's surface.
Allie Balter-Kennedy, Joerg M. Schaefer, Roseanne Schwartz, Jennifer L. Lamp, Laura Penrose, Jennifer Middleton, Jean Hanley, Bouchaïb Tibari, Pierre-Henri Blard, Gisela Winckler, Alan J. Hidy, and Greg Balco
Geochronology, 5, 301–321, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-301-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-301-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cosmogenic nuclides like 10Be are rare isotopes created in rocks exposed at the Earth’s surface and can be used to understand glacier histories and landscape evolution. 10Be is usually measured in the mineral quartz. Here, we show that 10Be can be reliably measured in the mineral pyroxene. We use the measurements to determine exposure ages and understand landscape processes in rocks from Antarctica that do not have quartz, expanding the use of this method to new rock types.
Jennifer R. Shadrick, Dylan H. Rood, Martin D. Hurst, Matthew D. Piggott, Klaus M. Wilcken, and Alexander J. Seal
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 429–450, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-429-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-429-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses a coastal evolution model to interpret cosmogenic beryllium-10 concentrations and topographic data and, in turn, quantify long-term cliff retreat rates for four chalk sites on the south coast of England. By using a process-based model, clear distinctions between intertidal weathering rates have been recognised between chalk and sandstone rock coast sites, advocating the use of process-based models to interpret the long-term behaviour of rock coasts.
Greg Balco, Nathan Brown, Keir Nichols, Ryan A. Venturelli, Jonathan Adams, Scott Braddock, Seth Campbell, Brent Goehring, Joanne S. Johnson, Dylan H. Rood, Klaus Wilcken, Brenda Hall, and John Woodward
The Cryosphere, 17, 1787–1801, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1787-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1787-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Samples of bedrock recovered from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet show that part of the ice sheet was thinner several thousand years ago than it is now and subsequently thickened. This is important because of concern that present ice thinning in this region may lead to rapid, irreversible sea level rise. The past episode of thinning at this site that took place in a similar, although not identical, climate was not irreversible; however, reversal required at least 3000 years to complete.
Jonathan R. Adams, Joanne S. Johnson, Stephen J. Roberts, Philippa J. Mason, Keir A. Nichols, Ryan A. Venturelli, Klaus Wilcken, Greg Balco, Brent Goehring, Brenda Hall, John Woodward, and Dylan H. Rood
The Cryosphere, 16, 4887–4905, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4887-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4887-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Glaciers in West Antarctica are experiencing significant ice loss. Geological data provide historical context for ongoing ice loss in West Antarctica, including constraints on likely future ice sheet behaviour in response to climatic warming. We present evidence from rare isotopes measured in rocks collected from an outcrop next to Pope Glacier. These data suggest that Pope Glacier thinned faster and sooner after the last ice age than previously thought.
Benjamin J. Stoker, Martin Margold, John C. Gosse, Alan J. Hidy, Alistair J. Monteath, Joseph M. Young, Niall Gandy, Lauren J. Gregoire, Sophie L. Norris, and Duane Froese
The Cryosphere, 16, 4865–4886, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4865-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4865-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Laurentide Ice Sheet was the largest ice sheet to grow and disappear in the Northern Hemisphere during the last glaciation. In northwestern Canada, it covered the Mackenzie Valley, blocking the migration of fauna and early humans between North America and Beringia and altering the drainage systems. We reconstruct the timing of ice sheet retreat in this region and the implications for the migration of early humans into North America, the drainage of glacial lakes, and past sea level rise.
Mae Kate Campbell, Paul R. Bierman, Amanda H. Schmidt, Rita Sibello Hernández, Alejandro García-Moya, Lee B. Corbett, Alan J. Hidy, Héctor Cartas Águila, Aniel Guillén Arruebarrena, Greg Balco, David Dethier, and Marc Caffee
Geochronology, 4, 435–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-435-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-435-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used cosmogenic radionuclides in detrital river sediment to measure erosion rates of watersheds in central Cuba; erosion rates are lower than rock dissolution rates in lowland watersheds. Data from two different cosmogenic nuclides suggest that some basins may have a mixed layer deeper than is typically modeled and could have experienced significant burial after or during exposure. We conclude that significant mass loss may occur at depth through chemical weathering processes.
Klaus M. Wilcken, Alexandru T. Codilean, Réka-H. Fülöp, Steven Kotevski, Anna H. Rood, Dylan H. Rood, Alexander J. Seal, and Krista Simon
Geochronology, 4, 339–352, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-339-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-339-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cosmogenic nuclides are now widely applied in the Earth sciences; however, more recent applications often push the analytical limits of the technique. Our study presents a comprehensive method for analysis of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al samples down to isotope concentrations of a few thousand atoms per gram of sample, which opens the door to new and more varied applications of cosmogenic nuclide analysis.
Leah A. VanLandingham, Eric W. Portenga, Edward C. Lefroy, Amanda H. Schmidt, Paul R. Bierman, and Alan J. Hidy
Geochronology, 4, 153–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-153-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents erosion rates of the George River and seven of its tributaries in northeast Tasmania, Australia. These erosion rates are the first measures of landscape change over millennial timescales for Tasmania. We demonstrate that erosion is closely linked to a topographic rainfall gradient across George River. Our findings may be useful for efforts to restore ecological health to Georges Bay by determining a pre-disturbance level of erosion and sediment delivery to this estuary.
Jennifer R. Shadrick, Martin D. Hurst, Matthew D. Piggott, Bethany G. Hebditch, Alexander J. Seal, Klaus M. Wilcken, and Dylan H. Rood
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 1505–1529, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1505-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1505-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here we use topographic and 10Be concentration data to optimise a coastal evolution model. Cliff retreat rates are calculated for two UK sites for the past 8000 years and, for the first time, highlight a strong link between the rate of sea level rise and long-term cliff retreat rates. This method enables us to study past cliff response to sea level rise and so to greatly improve forecasts of future responses to accelerations in sea level rise that will result from climate change.
Sandra M. Braumann, Joerg M. Schaefer, Stephanie M. Neuhuber, Christopher Lüthgens, Alan J. Hidy, and Markus Fiebig
Clim. Past, 17, 2451–2479, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Glacier reconstructions provide insights into past climatic conditions and elucidate processes and feedbacks that modulate the climate system both in the past and present. We investigate the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial and generate beryllium-10 moraine chronologies in glaciated catchments of the eastern European Alps. We find that rapid warming was superimposed by centennial-scale cold phases that appear to have influenced large parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
Leonie Peti, Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons, Jenni L. Hopkins, Andreas Nilsson, Toshiyuki Fujioka, David Fink, Charles Mifsud, Marcus Christl, Raimund Muscheler, and Paul C. Augustinus
Geochronology, 2, 367–410, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-367-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-367-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Orakei Basin – a former maar lake in Auckland, New Zealand – provides an outstanding sediment record over the last ca. 130 000 years, but an age model is required to allow the reconstruction of climate change and volcanic eruptions contained in the sequence. To construct a relationship between depth in the sediment core and age of deposition, we combined tephrochronology, radiocarbon dating, luminescence dating, and the relative intensity of the paleomagnetic field in a Bayesian age–depth model.
Michal Ben-Israel, Ari Matmon, Alan J. Hidy, Yoav Avni, and Greg Balco
Earth Surf. Dynam., 8, 289–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-289-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-289-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Early-to-mid Miocene erosion rates were inferred using cosmogenic 21Ne measured in chert pebbles transported by the Miocene Hazeva River (~ 18 Ma). Miocene erosion rates are faster compared to Quaternary rates in the region. Faster Miocene erosion rates could be due to a response to topographic changes brought on by tectonic uplift, wetter climate in the region during the Miocene, or a combination of both.
Oswald Malcles, Philippe Vernant, Jean Chéry, Pierre Camps, Gaël Cazes, Jean-François Ritz, and David Fink
Solid Earth, 11, 241–258, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-241-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-241-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We aim to better understand the challenging areas that are the intraplate regions using one example: the southern French Massif Central and its numerous hundreds of meters deep valleys. We apply a multidisciplinary approach there using geomorphology, geochronology, and numerical modeling.
Our dating results show that the canyon incisions are part of the Plio-Quaternary evolution with incision rate of ~ 80 m Ma−1. We propose then that this incision is possible due to an active regional uplift.
Nikita Demidov, Sebastian Wetterich, Sergey Verkulich, Aleksey Ekaykin, Hanno Meyer, Mikhail Anisimov, Lutz Schirrmeister, Vasily Demidov, and Andrew J. Hodson
The Cryosphere, 13, 3155–3169, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
As Norwegian geologist Liestøl (1996) recognised,
in connection with formation of pingos there are a great many unsolved questions. Drillings and temperature measurements through the pingo mound and also through the surrounding permafrost are needed before the problems can be better understood. To shed light on pingo formation here we present the results of first drilling of pingo on Spitsbergen together with results of detailed hydrochemical and stable-isotope studies of massive-ice samples.
Greg Balco, Kimberly Blisniuk, and Alan Hidy
Geochronology, 1, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-1-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-1-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This article applies a new geochemical dating method to determine the age of sedimentary deposits useful in reconstructing slip rates on a major fault system.
Martin Struck, John D. Jansen, Toshiyuki Fujioka, Alexandru T. Codilean, David Fink, Réka-Hajnalka Fülöp, Klaus M. Wilcken, David M. Price, Steven Kotevski, L. Keith Fifield, and John Chappell
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 329–349, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-329-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-329-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of cosmogenic nuclides 10Be and 26Al in sediment along central Australian streams show that lithologically controlled magnitudes of source-area erosion rates (0.2–11 m Myr-1) are preserved downstream despite sediment mixing. Conversely, downstream-increasing sediment burial signals (> 400 kyr) indicate sediment incorporation from adjacent, long-exposed storages, which, combined with low sediment supply and discontinuous flux, likely favours source-area 10Be–26Al signal masking.
Charlotte P. Iverach, Dioni I. Cendón, Karina T. Meredith, Klaus M. Wilcken, Stuart I. Hankin, Martin S. Andersen, and Bryce F. J. Kelly
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5953–5969, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5953-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5953-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses a multi-tracer geochemical approach to determine the extent of artesian groundwater discharge into an economically important alluvial aquifer. We compare estimates for artesian discharge into the alluvial aquifer derived from water balance modelling and geochemical data to show that there is considerable divergence in the results. The implications of this work involve highlighting that geochemical data should be used as a critical component of water budget assessments.
Related subject area
Discipline: Ice sheets | Subject: Paleo-Glaciology (including Former Ice Reconstructions)
Millennial-scale fluctuations of palaeo-ice margin at the southern fringe of the last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet
The influence of glacial landscape evolution on Scandinavian ice-sheet dynamics and dimensions
Simulating the Laurentide Ice Sheet of the Last Glacial Maximum
Reversible ice sheet thinning in the Amundsen Sea Embayment during the Late Holocene
The collapse of the Cordilleran–Laurentide ice saddle and early opening of the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada, constrained by 10Be exposure dating
A model for interaction between conduits and surrounding hydraulically connected distributed drainage based on geomorphological evidence from Keewatin, Canada
Repeated ice streaming on the northwest Greenland continental shelf since the onset of the Middle Pleistocene Transition
Nonlinear response of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to late Quaternary sea level and climate forcing
Eemian Greenland ice sheet simulated with a higher-order model shows strong sensitivity to surface mass balance forcing
The impact of model resolution on the simulated Holocene retreat of the southwestern Greenland ice sheet using the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM)
Marine ice sheet instability and ice shelf buttressing of the Minch Ice Stream, northwest Scotland
Persistent tracers of historic ice flow in glacial stratigraphy near Kamb Ice Stream, West Antarctica
West Antarctic sites for subglacial drilling to test for past ice-sheet collapse
Karol Tylmann, Wojciech Wysota, Vincent Rinterknecht, Piotr Moska, Aleksandra Bielicka-Giełdoń, and ASTER Team
The Cryosphere, 18, 1889–1909, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1889-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1889-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our results indicate millennial-scale oscillations of the last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) in northern Poland between ~19000 and ~17000 years ago. Combined luminescence (OSL) and 10Be dating show the last FIS left basal tills of three ice re-advances at a millennial-scale cycle: 19.2 ± 1.1 ka, 17.8 ± 0.5 ka and 16.9 ± 0.5 ka. This is the first terrestrial record of millennial-scale palaeo-ice margin oscillations at the southern fringe of the FIS during the last glacial cycle.
Gustav Jungdal-Olesen, Jane Lund Andersen, Andreas Born, and Vivi Kathrine Pedersen
The Cryosphere, 18, 1517–1532, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1517-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1517-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explore how the shape of the land and underwater features in Scandinavia affected the former Scandinavian ice sheet over time. Using a computer model, we simulate how the ice sheet evolved during different stages of landscape development. We discovered that early glaciations were limited in size by underwater landforms, but as these changed, the ice sheet expanded more rapidly. Our findings highlight the importance of considering landscape changes when studying ice-sheet history.
Daniel Moreno-Parada, Jorge Alvarez-Solas, Javier Blasco, Marisa Montoya, and Alexander Robinson
The Cryosphere, 17, 2139–2156, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2139-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2139-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We have reconstructed the Laurentide Ice Sheet, located in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum (21 000 years ago). The absence of direct measurements raises a number of uncertainties. Here we study the impact of different physical laws that describe the friction as the ice slides over its base. We found that the Laurentide Ice Sheet is closest to prior reconstructions when the basal friction takes into account whether the base is frozen or thawed during its motion.
Greg Balco, Nathan Brown, Keir Nichols, Ryan A. Venturelli, Jonathan Adams, Scott Braddock, Seth Campbell, Brent Goehring, Joanne S. Johnson, Dylan H. Rood, Klaus Wilcken, Brenda Hall, and John Woodward
The Cryosphere, 17, 1787–1801, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1787-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1787-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Samples of bedrock recovered from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet show that part of the ice sheet was thinner several thousand years ago than it is now and subsequently thickened. This is important because of concern that present ice thinning in this region may lead to rapid, irreversible sea level rise. The past episode of thinning at this site that took place in a similar, although not identical, climate was not irreversible; however, reversal required at least 3000 years to complete.
Benjamin J. Stoker, Martin Margold, John C. Gosse, Alan J. Hidy, Alistair J. Monteath, Joseph M. Young, Niall Gandy, Lauren J. Gregoire, Sophie L. Norris, and Duane Froese
The Cryosphere, 16, 4865–4886, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4865-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4865-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Laurentide Ice Sheet was the largest ice sheet to grow and disappear in the Northern Hemisphere during the last glaciation. In northwestern Canada, it covered the Mackenzie Valley, blocking the migration of fauna and early humans between North America and Beringia and altering the drainage systems. We reconstruct the timing of ice sheet retreat in this region and the implications for the migration of early humans into North America, the drainage of glacial lakes, and past sea level rise.
Emma L. M. Lewington, Stephen J. Livingstone, Chris D. Clark, Andrew J. Sole, and Robert D. Storrar
The Cryosphere, 14, 2949–2976, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2949-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2949-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We map visible traces of subglacial meltwater flow across Keewatin, Canada. Eskers are commonly observed to form within meltwater corridors up to a few kilometres wide, and we interpret different traces to have formed as part of the same integrated drainage system. In our proposed model, we suggest that eskers record the imprint of a central conduit while meltwater corridors represent the interaction with the surrounding distributed drainage system.
Andrew M. W. Newton, Mads Huuse, Paul C. Knutz, and David R. Cox
The Cryosphere, 14, 2303–2312, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2303-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2303-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Seismic reflection data offshore northwest Greenland reveal buried landforms that have been interpreted as mega-scale glacial lineations (MSGLs). These have been formed by ancient ice streams that advanced hundreds of kilometres across the continental shelf. The stratigraphy and available chronology show that the MSGLs are confined to separate stratigraphic units and were most likely formed during several glacial maxima after the onset of the Middle Pleistocene Transition at ~ 1.3 Ma.
Michelle Tigchelaar, Axel Timmermann, Tobias Friedrich, Malte Heinemann, and David Pollard
The Cryosphere, 13, 2615–2631, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2615-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2615-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Antarctic Ice Sheet has expanded and retracted often in the past, but, so far, studies have not identified which environmental driver is most important: air temperature, snowfall, ocean conditions or global sea level. In a modeling study of 400 000 years of Antarctic Ice Sheet variability we isolated different drivers and found that no single driver dominates. Air temperature and sea level are most important and combine in a synergistic way, with important implications for future change.
Andreas Plach, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Petra M. Langebroek, Andreas Born, and Sébastien Le clec'h
The Cryosphere, 13, 2133–2148, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2133-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2133-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Meltwater from the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) rises sea level and knowing how the GrIS behaved in the past will help to become better in predicting its future. Here, the evolution of the past GrIS is shown to be dominated by how much ice melts (a result of the prevailing climate) rather than how ice flow is represented in the simulations. Therefore, it is very important to know past climates accurately, in order to be able to simulate the evolution of the GrIS and its contribution to sea level.
Joshua K. Cuzzone, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Mathieu Morlighem, Eric Larour, Jason P. Briner, Helene Seroussi, and Lambert Caron
The Cryosphere, 13, 879–893, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-879-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-879-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present ice sheet modeling results of ice retreat over southwestern Greenland during the last 12 000 years, and we also test the impact that model horizontal resolution has on differences in the simulated spatial retreat and its associated rate. Results indicate that model resolution plays a minor role in simulated retreat in areas where bed topography is not complex but plays an important role in areas where bed topography is complex (such as fjords).
Niall Gandy, Lauren J. Gregoire, Jeremy C. Ely, Christopher D. Clark, David M. Hodgson, Victoria Lee, Tom Bradwell, and Ruza F. Ivanovic
The Cryosphere, 12, 3635–3651, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3635-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3635-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We use the deglaciation of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet as a valuable case to examine the processes of contemporary ice sheet change, using an ice sheet model to simulate the Minch Ice Stream. We find that ice shelves were a control on retreat and that the Minch Ice Stream was vulnerable to the same marine mechanisms which threaten the future of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This demonstrates the importance of marine processes when projecting the future of our contemporary ice sheets.
Nicholas Holschuh, Knut Christianson, Howard Conway, Robert W. Jacobel, and Brian C. Welch
The Cryosphere, 12, 2821–2829, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2821-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2821-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Models of the Antarctic Sheet are tuned using observations of historic ice-sheet behavior, but we have few observations that tell us how inland ice behaved over the last few millennia. A 2 km tall volcano sitting under the ice sheet has left a record in the ice as it flows by, and that feature provides unique insight into the regional ice-flow history. It indicates that observed, rapid changes in West Antarctica flow dynamics have not affected the continental interior over the last 5700 years.
Perry Spector, John Stone, David Pollard, Trevor Hillebrand, Cameron Lewis, and Joel Gombiner
The Cryosphere, 12, 2741–2757, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2741-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2741-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Cosmogenic-nuclide analyses in bedrock recovered from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet have the potential to establish whether and when large-scale deglaciation occurred in the past. Here we (i) discuss the criteria and considerations for subglacial drill sites, (ii) evaluate candidate sites in West Antarctica, and (iii) describe reconnaissance at three West Antarctic sites, focusing on the Pirrit Hills, which we present as a case study of site selection on the scale of an individual nunatak.
Cited articles
Adriaenssens, E. M., Kramer, R., Goethem, M. W. Van, Makhalanyane, T. P., Hogg, I., and Cowan, D. A.: Environmental drivers of viral community composition in Antarctic soils identified by viromics, Microbiome, 5, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-017-0301-7, 2017.,
Anderson, R. S., Repka, J. L., and Dick, G. S.: Explicit treatment of inhieritance in dating depositional surfaces using in situ 10Be and 26Al, Geology, 24, 47–51, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0047:ETOIID>2.3.CO;2, 1996.
Atkins, C.: Geomorphological evidence of cold-based glacier activity in South Victoria Land, Antarctica. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP381.18, 2013.
Balco, G, Stone, J. O., Lifton, N. A., and Dunai, T. J.: A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from 10Be and 26Al measurements, Quaternary Geochronol., 3, 174–195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2007.12.001, 2008.
Balco, G.: Production rate calculations for cosmic-ray-muon-produced 10Be and 26Al benchmarked against geological calibration data, Quaternary Geochronol., 39, 150–173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2017.02.001, 2017.
Bergelin, M., Putkonen, J., Balco, G., Morgan, D., Corbett, L. B., and Bierman, P. R.: Cosmogenic nuclide dating of two stacked ice masses: Ong Valley, Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 16, 2793–2817, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2793-2022, 2022.
Bibby, T., Putkonen, J., Morgan, D., Balco, G., and Shuster, D. L.: Million year old ice found under meter thick debris layer in Antarctica, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 6995–7001, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069889, 2016.
Blackburn, T., Edwards, G. H., Tulaczyk, S., Scudder, M., Piccione, G., Hallet, B., McLean, N., Zachos, J. C., Cheney, B., and Babbe, J. T.: Ice retreat in Wilkes Basin of East Antarctica during a warm interglacial, Nature, 583, 554–559, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2484-5, 2020.
Bockheim, J. G., Campbell, I. B., and McCleod, M.: Permafrost Distribution and Active-Layer Depths in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Permafrost Periglac. Process., 18, 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.588, 2007.
Bockheim, J. G., Prentice, M. L., and Mcleod, M.: Distribution of Glacial Deposits, Soils, and Permafrost in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, Arct. Antarct. Alpine Res., 40, 279–286, https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(06-057), 2008.
Borchers, B., Marrero, S., Balco, G., Caffee, M., Goehring, B., Lifton, N., Nishiizumi, K., Phillips, F., Schaefer, J., and Stone, J.: Geological calibration of spallation production rates in the CRONUS-Earth project, Quaternary Geochronol., 31, 188–198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.01.009, 2016.
Brook, E. J., Kurz, M. D., Ackert, R. P., Denton, G. H., Brown, E. T., Raisbeck, G. M., and Yiou, F.: Chronology of Taylor Glacier advances in Arena Valley, Antarctica, using in situ cosmogenic 3He and 10Be, Quarternary Res., 39, 11–23, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1002, 1993.
Child, D., Elliott, G., Mifsud, C., Smith, A. M., and Fink, D.: Sample processing for earth science studies at ANTARES, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 172, 856–860, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00198-1, 2000.
Chorley, H., Levy, R., Naish, T., Lewis, A., Cox, S., Hemming, S., Ohneiser C, Gorman A, Harper M, Homes A, Hopkins J., Prebble, J., Verret, M., Dickinson, W., Florindo, F., Golledge, N., Halberstadt, A. R., Kowalewski, D., McKay, R., Meyers, S., Anderson, J., Dagg, B., and Lurcock, P.: East Antarctic Ice Sheet variability during the middle Miocene Climate Transition captured in drill cores from the Friis Hills, Transantarctic Mountains, GSA Bull., 135, 1503–1529, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36531.1, 2023.
Cook, C. P., van de Flierdt, T., Williams, T., Hemming, S. R., Iwai, M., Kobayashi, M., Jimenez-Espejo, F. J., Escutia, C., Gonzále, J. J., Khim, B.-K., McKay, R. M., Passchier, S., Bohaty, S. M., Riesselman, C. R., Tauxe, L., Sugisaki, S., Galindo, A. L., Patterson, M. O., Sangiorgi, F., Pierce, E. L., Brinkhuis, H., Klaus, A., Fehr, A., Bendle, J. A. P., Bijl, P. K., Carr, S. A., Dunbar, R. B., Flores, J. A., Hayden, T. G., Katsuki, K., Kong, G. S., Nakai, M., Olney, M. P., Pekar, S. F., Pross, J., Röhl, U., Sakai, T., Shrivastava, P. K., Stickley, C. E., Tuo, S., Welsh, K., and Yamane, M.: Dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet during Pliocene warmth, Nat. Geosci., 6, 765–769, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1889, 2013.
Cox, S. C., Turnbull, I. M., Isaac, M. J., Townsend, D. B., and Smith Lyttle, B.: Geology of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Institute of geological & Nuclear Sciences 1:25,000 geological map 22, 135 p., +1 folded map, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, GNS Science, ISBN 9780478198393, 2012.
Davis, T. N.: Permafrost: A Guide to Frozen Ground in Transition. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Press. 351 pp. ISBN 1-889963-19-4, J. Glaciol., 48, 478–478, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756502781831223, 2001.
DeConto, R. M. and Pollard, D.: Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise, Nature, 531, 591–597, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17145, 2016.
Denton, G. H., Armstrong R. L., and Stuiver, M.: Late Cenozoic Glaciation in Antarctica: The Record in the McMurdo Sound Region, Antarct. J. United States, 5, 15–21, 1970.
Denton, G. H., Putnam, A. E., Russell, J. L., Barrell, D. J. A., Schaefer, J. M., Kaplan, M. R., and Strand, P. D.: The Zealandia Switch: Ice age climate shifts viewed from Southern Hemisphere moraines, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 257, 106771, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106771, 2021.
Doran, P. T., McKay, C. P., Clow, G. D., Dana, G. L., Fountain, A. G., Nylen, T., and Lyons, W. B.: Valley floor climate observations from the McMurdo dry valleys, Antarctica, 1986-2000, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, ACL 13-1–ACL 13-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD002045, 2002.
Dutton, A., Carlson, A. E., Long, A. J., Milne, G. A., Clark, P. U., DeConto, R., Horton, B., Rahmstorf, S., and Raymo, M. E.: Sea-level rise due to polar ice-sheet mass loss during past warm periods, Science, 349, 6244, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa4019, 2015.
Dutton, A. and Lambeck, K.: Ice volume and sea level during the last interglacial, Science, 337, 216–219, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1205749, 2012.
Fink, D., Augustinus, P., Rhodes, E., Bristow, C., and Balco, G.: 21Ne, 10Be and 26Al cosmogenic burial ages of near-surface eolian sand from the Packard Dune field, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, EGU General Assembly Vol. 17. 2015EGUGA..17.2922F, 2015.
Fischer, H., Meissner, K. J., Mix, A. C., Abram, N. J., Austermann, J., Brovkin, V., Capron, E., Colombaroli, D., Daniau, A.-L., Dyez, K. A., Felis, T., Finkelstein, S. A., Jaccard, S. L., McClymont, E. L., Rovere, A., Sutter, J., Wolff, E. W., Affolter, S., Bakker, P., Ballesteros-Cánovas, J. A., Barbante, C., Caley, T., Carlson, A. E., Churakova, O., Cortese, G., Cumming, B. F., Davis, B. A. S., de Vernal, A., Emile-Geay, J., Fritz, S. C., Gierz, P., Gottschalk, J., Holloway, M. D., Joos, F., Kucera, M., Loutre, M.-F., Lunt, D. J., Marcisz, K., Marlon, J. R., Martinez, P., Masson-Delmotte, V., Nehrbass-Ahles, C., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Raible, C. C., Risebrobakken, B., Sánchez Goñi, M. F., Arrigo, J. S., Sarnthein, M., Sjolte, J., Stocker, T. F., Velasquez Alvárez, P. A., Tinner, W., Valdes, P. J., Vogel, H., Wanner, H., Yan, Q., Yu, Z., Ziegler, M., and Zhou, L.: Palaeoclimate constraints on the impact of 2 ∘C anthropogenic warming and beyond, Nat. Geosci., 11, 474–485, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0146-0, 2018.
Fountain, A. G., Nylen, T. H., Monaghan, A., Basagic, H. J., and Bromwich, D.: Snow in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Int. J. Climatol., 30, 633–642. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1933, 2010.
Fountain, A. G., Fernandez-Diaz, J. C., Obryk, M., Levy, J., Gooseff, M., Van Horn, D. J., Morin, P., and Shrestha, R.: High-resolution elevation mapping of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, and surrounding regions, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 435–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-435-2017, 2017.
French, H. M.: The periglacial environment. Wiley-Blackwell (4th Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-119-13278-3, 544 pp., 2017.
Granger, D. E. and Riebe, C. S.: 7.12 – Cosmogenic Nuclides in Weathering and Erosion, Treatise on Geochemistry (Second Edition), edited by: Holland, H. D. and Turekian, K. K., Elsevier, 401–436, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00514-3, 2014.
Gilichinsky, D. A., Wilson, G. S., Friedmann, E. I., McKay, C. P., Sletten, R. S., Rivkina, E. M., Vishnivetskaya, T. A., Erokhina, L. G., Ivanushkina, N. E., Kochkina, G. A., Shcherbakova, V. A., Soina, V. S., Spirina, E. V., Vorobyova, E. A., Fyodorov-Davydov, D. G., Hallet, B., Ozerskaya, S. M., Sorokovikov, V. A., Laurinavichyus, K. S., Shatilovich, A. V., Chanton, J. P., Ostroumov, V. E, and Tiedje, J. M.: Microbial populations in Antarctic permafrost: Biodiversity, stage, age, and implication for astrobiology, Astrobiology, 7, 275–311, https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2006.0012, 2007.
Golledge, N. R., Clark, P. U., He, F., Dutton, A., Turney, C. S. M., Fogwill, C. J., Naish, T. R., Levy, R. H., McKay, R. M., Lowry, D. P., Bertler, N. A., Dunbar, G. B., and Carlson, A. E.: Retreat of the Antarctic Ice Sheet During the Last Interglaciation and Implications for Future Change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094513, 2021.
Gunn, B. M. and Warren, G.: Geology of Victoria Land between the Mawson and Mulock Glaciers, Antarctica, New Zealand Dept. of Scientific and Industrial Research, Geological Survey Bulletin, 71, 1962.
Hall, B. L., Denton, G. H., and Overturf, B.: Glacial Lake Wright, a high-level Antarctic lake during the LGM and early Holocene, Antarctic Sci., 13, 53–60, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102001000086, 2001.
Hall, B. L. and Denton, G. H.: Surficial geology and geomorphology of eastern and central Wright Valley, Antarctica, Geomorphology, 64, 25–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.05.002, 2005.
Heldmann, J. L., Marinova, M., Williams, K. E., Lacelle, D., McKay, C. P., Davila, A., Pollard, W., and Andersen, D. T.: Formation and evolution of buried snowpack deposits in Pearse Valley, Antarctica, and implications for Mars, Antarctic Sci., 24, 299–316, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102011000903, 2012.
Hidy, A. J., Gosse, J. C., Pederson, J. L., Mattern, J. P., and Finkel, R. C.: A geologically constrained Monte Carlo approach to modeling exposure ages from profiles of cosmogenic nuclides: An example from Lees Ferry, Arizona, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 11, 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GC003084, 2010.
Hidy, A. J., Gosse, J. C., Sanborn, P., and Froese, D. G.: Age-erosion constraints on an Early Pleistocene paleosol in Yukon, Canada, with profiles of 10Be and 26Al: Evidence for a significant loess cover effect on cosmogenic nuclide production rates, Catena, 165, 260–271, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.02.009, 2018.
Higgins, S. M., Denton, G. H., and Hendy, C. H.: Glacial Geomorphology of Bonney Drift, Taylor Valley, Antarctica, Geografiska Ann. A, 82A, 365–389, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0459.00129, 2000b.
Higgins, S. M., Hendy, C. H., and Denton, G. H.: Geochronology of Bonney Drift, Taylor Valley, Antarctica: Evidence for interglacial expansions of Taylor Glacier, Geografiska Ann. A, 82, 391–409, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3676.2000.00130.x, 2000a.
Hrbáèek, F., Oliva, M., Hansen, C., Balks, M., O'Neill, T. A., de Pablo, M. A., Ponti, S., Ramos, M., Vieira, G., Abramov, A., Pastíriková, L. K., Guglielmin, M., Goyanes, G., Francelino, M. R., Schaefer, C., and Lacelle, D.: Active layer and permafrost thermal regimes in the ice-free areas of Antarctica, Earth-Sci. Rev., 242, 104458, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104458, 2023.
IPCC.: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2391 pp. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896, 2021.
Jouzel, J., Masson-Delmotte, V., Cattani, O., Dreyfus, G., Falourd, S., Hoffmann, G., Minster, B., Nouet, J., Barnola, J. M., Chappellaz, J., Fischer, H., Gallet, J. C., Johnsen, S., Leuenberger, M., Loulergue, L., Luethi, D., Oerter, H., Parrenin, F., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Schilt, A., Schwander, J., Selmo, E., Souchez, R., Spahni, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stenni, B., Stocker, T. F., Tison, J. L., Werner, M., and Wolff, E. W.: Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800,000 years, Science, 317, 793–796, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1141038, 2007.
Joy, K., Fink, D., Storey, B., De Pascale, G. P., Quigley, M., and Fujioka, T.: Cosmogenic evidence for limited local LGM glacial expansion, Denton Hills, Antarctica, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 178, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.11.002, 2017.
Knudsen, M. F., Egholm, D. L., and Jansen, J. D.: Quaternary Geochronology Time-integrating cosmogenic nuclide inventories under the influence of variable erosion , exposure , and sediment mixing, Quaternary Geochronol., 51, 110–119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2019.02.005, 2019.
Kopp, R. E., Simons, F. J., Mitrovica, J. X., Maloof, A. C., and Oppenheimer, M.: Probabilistic assessment of sea level during the last interglacial stage, Nature, 462, 863–867, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08686, 2009.
Lacelle, D., Fisher, D. A., Verret, M., and Pollard, W.: Improved prediction of the vertical distribution of ground ice in Arctic-Antarctic permafrost sediments, Commun. Earth Environ., 3, p. 31, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00367-z, 2022.
Lal, D. and Chen, J.: Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces II: Special cases of exposure histories of boulders, soils and beach terraces, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 236, 797–813, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.05.025, 2005.
Lapalme, C. M., Lacelle, D., Pollard, W., Fortier, D., Davila, A., and McKay, C. P.: Cryostratigraphy and the Sublimation Unconformity in Permafrost from an Ultraxerous Environment, University Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, Permafrost Periglacial Process., 28, 649–662, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1948, 2017.
Lee, J. E., Brook, E. J., Bertler, N. A. N., Buizert, C., Baisden, T., Blunier, T., Ciobanu, V. G., Conway, H., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fudge, T. J., Hindmarsh, R., Keller, E. D., Parrenin, F., Severinghaus, J. P., Vallelonga, P., Waddington, E. D., and Winstrup, M.: An 83 000-year-old ice core from Roosevelt Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica, Clim. Past, 16, 1691–1713, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1691-2020, 2020.
Lewis, A. R. and Ashworth, A. C.: An early to middle Miocene record of ice-sheet and landscape evolution from the Friis Hills, Antarctica, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 128, 719–738, https://doi.org/10.1130/b31319.1, 2016.
Lifton, N., Sato, T., and Dunai, T. J.: Scaling in situ cosmogenic nuclide production rates using analytical approximations to atmospheric cosmic-ray fluxes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 386, 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.052, 2014.
Marchant, D. R., Denton, G. H., Bockheim, J. G., Wilson, S. C., and Kerr, A. R.: Quaternary changes in level of the upper Taylor Glacier, Antarctica: implications for paleoclimate and East Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics, Boreas, 23, 29–43, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1994.tb00583.x, 1994.
Marchant, D. R. and Denton, G. H.: Miocene and Pliocene paleoclimate of the Dry Valleys region, Southern Victoria land: A geomorphological approach, Mar. Micropaleontol., 27, 253–271, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(95)00065-8, 1996.
Marchant, D. R. and Head, J. W.: Antarctic dry valleys: Microclimate zonation, variable geomorphic processes, and implications for assessing climate change on Mars, Icarus, 192, 187–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.06.018, 2007.
Marchant, D. R., Mackay, S. L., Lamp, J. L., Hayden, A. T., and Head, J. W.: A review of geomorphic processes and landforms in the Dry Valleys of southern Victoria Land: Implications for evaluating climate change and ice-sheet stability, Geol. Soc. Special Pub., 381, 319–352, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP381.10, 2013.
Marrero, S. M., Hein, A. S., Naylor, M., Attal, M., Shanks, R., Winter, K., Woodward, J., Dunning, S., Westoby, M., and Sugden, D.: Controls on subaerial erosion rates in Antarctica, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 501, 56–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.08.018, 2018.
Mercader, J., Gosse, J. C., Bennett, T., Hidy, A. J., and Rood, D. H.: Cosmogenic nuclide age constraints on Middle Stone Age lithics from Niassa, Mozambique, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 47, 116–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.018, 2012.
Mifsud, C., Fujioka, T., and Fink, D.: Extraction and purification of quartz in rock using hot phosphoric acid for in situ cosmogenic exposure dating, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 294, 203–207, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2012.08.037, 2013.
Morgan, D. J., Putkonen, J., Balco, G., and Stone, J.: Degradation of glacial deposits quantified with cosmogenic nuclides, Quartermain Mountains, Antarctica, Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 36, 217–228, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2039, 2011.
Morgan, D., Putkonen, J., Balco, G., and Stone, J.: Quantifying regolith erosion rates with cosmogenic nuclides 10Be and 26Al in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf., 115, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001443, 2010.
Naish, T., Powell, R., Levy, R., Wilson, G., Scherer, R., Talarico, F., Krissek, L., Niessen, F., Pompilio, M., Wilson, T., Carter, L., DeConto, R., Huybers, P., McKay, R., Pollard, D., Ross, J., Winter, D., Barrett, P., Browne, G., Cody, R., Cowan, E., Crampton, J., Dunbar, G., Dunbar, N., Florindo, F., Gebhardt, C., Graham, I., Hannah, M., Hansaraj, D., Harwood, D., Helling, D., Henrys, S., Hinnov, L., Kuhn, G., Kyle, P., Läufer, A., Maffioli P., Magens, D., Mandernack, K., McIntosh, W., Millan, C., Morin, R., Ohneiser, C., Paulsen, T., Persico, D., Raine, I., Reed, J., Riesselman, C., Sagnotti, L., Schmitt, D., Sjunneskog, C., Strong, P., Taviani, M., Vogel, S., Wilch, T., and Williams, T.: Obliquity-paced Pliocene West Antarctic ice sheet oscillations, Nature, 458, 322–328, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature0786, 2009.
Ng, F., Hallet, B., Sletten, R. S., and Stone, J. O.: Fast-growing till over ancient ice in Beacon Valley, Antarctica, Geology, 33, 121–124, https://doi.org/10.1130/G21064.1, 2005
Nishiizumi, K.: Preparation of 26Al AMS standards, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 223–224, 388–392, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.075, 2004.
Nishiizumi, K., Imamura, M., Caffee, M. W., Southon, J. R., Finkel, R. C., and McAninch, J.: Absolute calibration of 10Be AMS standards, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 258, 403–413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.01.297, 2007.
Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Rosenbloom, N., Stone, E. J., Mckay, N. P., Lunt, D. J., Brady, E. C., and Overpeck, J. T.: How warm was the last interglacial? new model-data comparisons, Philos. T. R. Soc. A, 371, 20130097, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0097, 2013.
Patterson, M. O., McKay, R., Naish, T., Escutia, C., Jimenez-Espejo, F. J., Raymo, M. E., Meyers, S. R., Tauxe, L., Brinkhuis, H., and IODP Expedition 318 Scientists.: Orbital forcing of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene, Nat. Geosci., 7, 841–847, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2273, 2014.
Pollard, D. and DeConto, R. M.: Modelling West Antarctic ice sheet growth and collapse through the past five million years, Nature, 458, 329–332, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07809, 2009.
Putkonen, J., Balco, G., and Morgan, D.: Slow regolith degradation without creep determined by cosmogenic nuclide measurements in Arena Valley, Antarctica, Quaternary Res., 69, 242–249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.12.004, 2008.
Ruggiero, L., Sciarra, A., Mazzini, A., Florindo, F., Wilson, G., Tartarello, M. C., Mazzoli, C., Anderson, J. T. H., Romano, V., Worthington, R., Bigi, S., Sassi, R., and Ciotoli, G.: Antarctic permafrost degassing in Taylor Valley by extensive soil gas investigation, Sci. Total Environ., 866, 161345, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161345, 2023.
Salvatore, M. R. and Levy, J. S.: Chapter 11: The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: a geological environment and ecological analog to the Martian surface and near surface, Mars Geological Enigmas, Elsevier Inc. 291–332, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820245-6/00011-2, 2021.
Schäfer, J. M., Baur, H., Denton, G. H., Ivy-Ochs, S., Marchant, D. R., Schlüchter, C., and Wieler, R.: The oldest ice on Earth in Beacon Valley, Antarctica: New evidence from surface exposure dating, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 179, 91–99, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00095-9, 2000.
Steig, E. J., Morse, D. L., Waddington, E. D., Stuiver, M., Pieter, M., Mayewski, P. A., Twickler, M. S., and Whitlow, S. I.: Wisconsinan and Holocene climate history from an ice core at Taylor Dome, western Ross Embayment , Antarctica, Geografis. Ann. A, 82, 213–235, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3676.2000.00122.x, 2000.
Sugden, D. E., Marchant, D. R., Potter, N., Souchez, R. A., Denton, G. H., Swisher, C. C., and Tison, J. L.: Preservation of Miocene glacier ice in East Antarctica, Nature, 376, 412–414, https://doi.org/10.1038/376412a0, 1995.
Summerfield, M. A., Sugden, D. E., Denton, G. H., Marchant, D. R., Cockburn, H. A. P., and Stuart, F. M.: Cosmogenic isotope data support previous evidence of extremely low rates of denudation in the Dry Valleys region, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, Geol. Soc. Sp., 162, 255–267, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.162.01.20, 1999.
Sutter, J., Eisen, O., Werner, M., Grosfeld, K., Kleiner, T., and Fischer, H.: Limited Retreat of the Wilkes Basin Ice Sheet During the Last Interglacial, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, 13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088131, 2020.
Swanger, K. M., Babcock, E., Winsor, K., and Valletta, R. D.: Rock glaciers in Pearse Valley, Antarctica record outlet and alpine glacier advance from MIS 5 through the Holocene, Geomorphology, 336, 40–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.03.019, 2019.
Swanger, K. M., Lamp, J. L., Winckler, G., Schaefer, J. M., and Marchant, D. R.: Glacier advance during Marine Isotope Stage 11 in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, Sci. Rep., 7, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41433, 2017.
Swanger, K. M., Marchant, D. R., Schaefer, J. M., Winckler, G., and Head, J. W.: Elevated East Antarctic outlet glaciers during warmer-than-present climates in southern Victoria Land, Global Planet. Change, 79, 61–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.07.012, 2011.
Turney, C. S. M., Fogwill, C. J., Golledge, N. R., McKay, N. P., van Sebille, E., Jones, R. T., Etheridge, D., Rubino, M., Thornton, D. P., Davies, S. M. and Ramsey, C. B., Thomas, Z. A., Bird, M. I., Munksgaard, N. C., Kohno, M., Woodward, J., Winter, K., Weyrich, L. S., Rootes, C. M., Millman, H., Albert, P. G., Rivera, A., van Ommen, T., Curran, M., Moy, A., Rahmstorf, S., Kawamura, K., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Weber, M. E., Manning, C. J., Young, J., and Cooper, A.: Early Last Interglacial ocean warming drove substantial ice mass loss from Antarctica, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 3996–4006, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902469117, 2020.
Wilcken, K. M., Fujioka, T., Fink, D., Fülöp, R. H., Codilean, A. T., Simon, K., Mifsud, C., and Kotevski, S.: SIRIUS Performance: 10Be, 26Al and 36Cl measurements at ANSTO, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 455, 300–304, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2019.02.009, 2019.
Wilson, D. J., Bertram, R. A., Needham, E. F., Flierdt, T. Van De, Welsh, K. J., Mckay, R. M., Mazumder, A., Riesselman, C. R., Jimenez-Espejo, F. J., and Escutia, C.: Ice loss from the East Antarctic Ice Sheet during late Pleistocene interglacials, Nature, 561, 383–386, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0501-8, 2018.
Yan, Y., Spaulding, N. E., Bender, M. L., Brook, E. J., Higgins, J. A., Kurbatov, A. V., and Mayewski, P. A.: Enhanced moisture delivery into Victoria Land, East Antarctica, during the early Last Interglacial: implications for West Antarctic Ice Sheet stability, Clim. Past, 17, 1841–1855, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1841-2021, 2021.
Yershov, E. D.: General Geocryology. Studies in Polar Research, edited by: Williams, P. J., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511564505, 1998.
Short summary
Antarctic permafrost processes are not widely studied or understood in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Our data show that near-surface permafrost sediments were deposited ~180 000 years ago in Pearse Valley, while in lower Wright Valley sediments are either vertically mixed after deposition or were deposited < 25 000 years ago. Our data also record Taylor Glacier retreat from Pearse Valley ~65 000–74 000 years ago and support antiphase dynamics between alpine glaciers and sea ice in the Ross Sea.
Antarctic permafrost processes are not widely studied or understood in the McMurdo Dry Valleys....
