Articles | Volume 13, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2385-2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2385-2019
Research article
 | 
12 Sep 2019
Research article |  | 12 Sep 2019

The morphology of ice and liquid brine in an environmental scanning electron microscope: a study of the freezing methods

Ľubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Jiří Runštuk, and Dominik Heger

Related authors

Technical note: Sublimation of frozen CsCl solutions in an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) – determining the number and size of salt particles relevant to sea salt aerosols
Lubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Kamila Závacká, Xin Yang, and Dominik Heger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4463–4488, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023, 2023
Short summary
Sublimation of frozen CsCl solutions in ESEM: determining the number and size of salt particles relevant to sea-salt aerosols
Ľubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Jiří Runštuk, Xin Yang, and Dominik Heger
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-376,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-376, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary

Related subject area

Discipline: Sea ice | Subject: Ice Physics
Sea ice thickness from air-coupled flexural waves
Rowan Romeyn, Alfred Hanssen, Bent Ole Ruud, and Tor Arne Johansen
The Cryosphere, 15, 2939–2955, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2939-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2939-2021, 2021
Short summary
Strain response and energy dissipation of floating saline ice under cyclic compressive stress
Mingdong Wei, Arttu Polojärvi, David M. Cole, and Malith Prasanna
The Cryosphere, 14, 2849–2867, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2849-2020,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2849-2020, 2020
Short summary
Laboratory study of the properties of frazil ice particles and flocs in water of different salinities
Christopher C. Schneck, Tadros R. Ghobrial, and Mark R. Loewen
The Cryosphere, 13, 2751–2769, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2751-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2751-2019, 2019
Short summary
Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted “rotten” Arctic sea ice
Carie M. Frantz, Bonnie Light, Samuel M. Farley, Shelly Carpenter, Ross Lieblappen, Zoe Courville, Mónica V. Orellana, and Karen Junge
The Cryosphere, 13, 775–793, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-775-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-775-2019, 2019
Short summary

Cited articles

Adda-Bedia, M., Kumar, S., Lechenault, F., Moulinet, S., Schillaci, M., and Vella, D.: Inverse Leidenfrost Effect: Levitating Drops on Liquid Nitrogen, Langmuir, 32, 4179–4188, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00574, 2016. 
Anderson, D. L. and Weeks, W. F.: A theoretical analysis of sea-ice strength, Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 39, 632–640, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR039i004p00632, 1958. 
Barnes, P. R. F., Mulvaney, R., Wolff, E. W., and Robinson, K.: A technique for the examination of polar ice using the scanning electron microscope, J. Micros.-Oxford, 205, 118–124, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-2720.2001.00981.x, 2002. 
Barnes, P. R. F., Wolff, E. W., Mallard, D. C., and Mader, H. M.: SEM studies of the morphology and chemistry of polar ice, Micros. Res. Tech., 62, 62–69, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.10385, 2003. 
Bartels-Rausch, T., Wren, S. N., Schreiber, S., Riche, F., Schneebeli, M., and Ammann, M.: Diffusion of volatile organics through porous snow: impact of surface adsorption and grain boundaries, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6727–6739, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6727-2013, 2013. 
Download
Short summary
We froze salty solutions to examine where and how the brine is distributed within the ice by using an environmental scanning electron microscope. The structures are highly heterogeneous, consisting of almost pure ice intertwined with brine, which can form lamellae, veins, or pools on the surface. Considering various concentrations and methods for laboratory ice preparation, we determined how the freezing technique influences the microstructure of the brine on and in the ice.