This manuscript is relevant for the broader geoscience community and the broader public/media as it discusses in depth the role of waves in ice that goes beyond commonly considered mechanical break up but includes implications for radiation, melting, and biology, and the feedbacks thereof. It thus also discusses critical missing processes in climate models. The manuscript includes recommendations for future research focused in the role of waves in ice that will direct future research projects and cruises. Compelling visuals make the material particularly accessible for a broader public.

This manuscript provides an overview of a major Antarctic ice stream system, the Foundation-Patuxent-Academy, summarising its glaciological and hydrological properties and while offering a comprehensive overview of the extensive existing literature in the region. The review also outlines critical gaps in knowledge providing an ideal starting point for considerations of future work during the International Polar Year in 2032-33.

This study demonstrates that The Jostedalsbreen ice cap, which is the largest ice cap on the European mainland (458 km2 in 2019), is now in a mode of irreversable mass loss. The ice cap may lose up to 74% of its present-day volume until 2100, depending on future greenhouse gas emissions, which will have direct consequences for human and social interests.

This paper provides one of the first formal assessments of the link between anthropogenic climate change and the retreat of Pine Island Glacier, a major contributor to mass loss of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Using data assimilation methods, this study shows that the observed retreat over the industrial era is unlikely to have occurred without anthropogenic trends in forcing, and that anthropogenic forcing likely amplified 20th Century retreat of Pine Island Glacier by ~18%. The paper also highlights the uncertainties introduced by preconditioned ice mass loss in quantifying 20th Century forcing contributions and the possible role of longer-term changes in present-day retreat.