Articles | Volume 17, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3343-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3343-2023
Research article
 | 
21 Aug 2023
Research article |  | 21 Aug 2023

A model for the Arctic mixed layer circulation under a summertime lead: implications for the near-surface temperature maximum formation

Alberto Alvarez

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Cited articles

Alam, A. and Curry, J.: Lead-induced atmospheric circulations, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 100, 4643–4651, https://doi.org/10.1029/94JC02562, 1995. 
Barry, R. G., Miles, M. W., Cianflone, R. C., Scharfen, G., and Schnell, R. C.: Characteristics of Arctic sea ice from remote sensing data and their relationship to atmospheric processes, Ann. Glaciol., 12, 9–15, https://doi.org/10.3189/S0260305500006893, 1989. 
Bettge, T. W., Weatherly, J. W., Washington, W. M., Pollard, D., Briegleb, B. R., and Strand Jr., W. G.: The NCAR CSM sea ice model, Boulder, CO, National Center for Atmospheric Research, (NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-425+STR), 1996. 
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Brohan, D. and Kaleschke, L.: A nine year climatology of Arctic sea ice lead orientation and frequency from AMSR-E, Remote Sens.-Basel, 6, 1451–1475, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6021451, 2014. 
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A near-surface temperature maximum (NSTM) layer is typically observed under different Arctic basins. Although its development seems to be related to solar heating in leads, its formation mechanism is under debate. This study uses numerical modeling in an idealized framework to demonstrate that the NSTM layer forms under a summer lead exposed to a combination of calm and moderate wind periods. Future warming of this layer could modify acoustic propagation with implications for marine mammals.