The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
Research article
 | 
19 Jul 2022
Research article |  | 19 Jul 2022

Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe

Stefan Norrgård and Samuli Helama

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Short summary
We examined changes in the dates of ice break-ups in three Finnish rivers since the 1700s. The analyses show that ice break-ups nowadays occur earlier in spring than in previous centuries. The changes are pronounced in the south, and both rivers had their first recorded years without a complete ice cover in the 21st century. These events occurred during exceptionally warm winters and show that climate extremes affect the river-ice regime in southwest Finland differently than in the north.
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