Articles | Volume 20, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-5475-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-5475-2026
Research article
 | 
24 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 24 Sep 2026

Impact of climate forcing time step in an ice-sheet firn model

Tesse E. A. van den Aker, Peter Kuipers Munneke, Willem Jan van de Berg, Walter W. Immerzeel, and Michiel R. van den Broeke

Data sets

Datasets and plotting code: Impact of climate forcing time step in an ice-sheet firn model Tesse van den Aker et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21917433

Model code and software

IMAU-FDM-v1.2 Tesse van den Aker et al. https://github.com/mbrils/IMAU-FDM-v1.2

IMAU-FDM v1 GDM release M. Brils https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5172513

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Short summary
The firn layer, i.e. permanent snow, regulates how an ice sheet responds to climate change. Firn models are forced with with climate data at time steps from sub-daily to annual in literature, however, implications are barely evaluated. We test the impact of different climate forcing time steps on the modeled firn layer. We conclude that the climate forcing time step (1) affects firn model output, (2) can lead to non-physical behaviour, and (3) that resolving at least a diurnal cycle is required.
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