The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2317-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2317-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Research article
 | 
23 Apr 2026
Research article |  | 23 Apr 2026

Changes in 1958–2019 Greenland surface mass balance are attributable to both greenhouse gases and anthropogenic aerosols

Yan-Ning Kuo, Riley Culberg, and Flavio Lehner

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Short summary
We attribute historical Greenland surface mass balance changes to greenhouse gases and anthropogenic aerosols through their impacts on runoff changes. Greenhouse gases induce runoff increase by long-term warming, and anthropogenic aerosols induce runoff by a decadal phase change in circulation pattern of Greenland blocking. We also highlight runoff responses in a climate model are state dependent, potentially contributing to the lower signal-to-noise ratio attributing to anthropogenic aerosols.
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Improving the contribution of the land cryosphere to sea level...