The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-6711-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-6711-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
Research article
 | 
11 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 11 Dec 2025

Near sea ice-free conditions in the northern route of the Northwest Passage at the end of the 2024 melt season

Stephen E. L. Howell, Alex Cabaj, David G. Babb, Jack C. Landy, Jackie Dawson, Mallik Mahmud, and Mike Brady

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Short summary
The Northwest Passage provides a shorter transit route connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean but ever-present sea ice has prevented its practical navigation. Sea ice area in the northern route of the Northwest Passage on September 30, 2024 fell to a minimum of 4×103 km2 or ~3% of its total area, the lowest ice area observed since 1960. This paper describes the unique processes that contributed to the record low sea ice area in the northern route of the Northwest Passage in 2024.
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