Articles | Volume 18, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-403-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-403-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Variability and drivers of winter near-surface temperatures over boreal and tundra landscapes
Vilna Tyystjärvi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Pekka Niittynen
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
Julia Kemppinen
The Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
Miska Luoto
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Tuuli Rissanen
Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Juha Aalto
Weather and Climate Change Impact Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-144, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-144, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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Youhua Ran, Xin Li, Guodong Cheng, Jingxin Che, Juha Aalto, Olli Karjalainen, Jan Hjort, Miska Luoto, Huijun Jin, Jaroslav Obu, Masahiro Hori, Qihao Yu, and Xiaoli Chang
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Datasets including ground temperature, active layer thickness, the probability of permafrost occurrence, and the zonation of hydrothermal condition with a 1 km resolution were released by integrating unprecedentedly large amounts of field data and multisource remote sensing data using multi-statistical\machine-learning models. It updates the understanding of the current thermal state and distribution for permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere.
Jessica L. McCarty, Juha Aalto, Ville-Veikko Paunu, Steve R. Arnold, Sabine Eckhardt, Zbigniew Klimont, Justin J. Fain, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Ari Venäläinen, Nadezhda M. Tchebakova, Elena I. Parfenova, Kaarle Kupiainen, Amber J. Soja, Lin Huang, and Simon Wilson
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Fires, including extreme fire seasons, and fire emissions are more common in the Arctic. A review and synthesis of current scientific literature find climate change and human activity in the north are fuelling an emerging Arctic fire regime, causing more black carbon and methane emissions within the Arctic. Uncertainties persist in characterizing future fire landscapes, and thus emissions, as well as policy-relevant challenges in understanding, monitoring, and managing Arctic fire regimes.
Olli Karjalainen, Miska Luoto, Juha Aalto, and Jan Hjort
The Cryosphere, 13, 693–707, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-693-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-693-2019, 2019
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Using a statistical modelling framework, we examined the environmental factors controlling ground thermal regimes inside and outside the Northern Hemisphere permafrost domain. We found that climatic factors were paramount in both regions, but with varying relative importance and effect size. The relationships were often non-linear, especially in permafrost conditions. Our results suggest that these non-linearities should be accounted for in future ground thermal models at the hemisphere scale.
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Discipline: Other | Subject: Seasonal Snow
Past changes in natural and managed snow reliability of French Alps ski resorts from 1961 to 2019
Lucas Berard-Chenu, Hugues François, Emmanuelle George, and Samuel Morin
The Cryosphere, 16, 863–881, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-863-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-863-2022, 2022
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This study investigates the past snow reliability (1961–2019) of 16 ski resorts in the French Alps using state-of-the-art snowpack modelling. We used snowmaking investment figures to infer the evolution of snowmaking coverage at the individual ski resort level. Snowmaking improved snow reliability for the core of the winter season for the highest-elevation ski resorts. However it did not counterbalance the decreasing trend in snow cover reliability for lower-elevation ski resorts and in spring.
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Short summary
At high latitudes, winter ground surface temperatures are strongly controlled by seasonal snow cover and its spatial variation. Here, we measured surface temperatures and snow cover duration in 441 study sites in tundra and boreal regions. Our results show large variations in how much surface temperatures in winter vary depending on the landscape and its impact on snow cover. These results emphasise the importance of understanding microclimates and their drivers under changing winter conditions.
At high latitudes, winter ground surface temperatures are strongly controlled by seasonal snow...