Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2769-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2769-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Incorporating InSAR kinematics into rock glacier inventories: insights from 11 regions worldwide
Aldo Bertone
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences,
University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
Department of Geosciences, Geography, University of Fribourg,
Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
Chloé Barboux
Department of Geosciences, Geography, University of Fribourg,
Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
Xavier Bodin
Laboratoire EDYTEM, CNRS/Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Le
Bourget-du-Lac, 73370, France
Tobias Bolch
School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St
Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, United Kingdom
Francesco Brardinoni
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences,
University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
Rafael Caduff
Gamma Remote Sensing, Gümligen, 3073, Switzerland
Hanne H. Christiansen
Arctic Geology Department, The University Centre in Svalbard,
Longyearbyen, P.O. Box 156, 9171, Svalbard, Norway
Margaret M. Darrow
Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering,
University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5900, USA
Reynald Delaloye
Department of Geosciences, Geography, University of Fribourg,
Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
Bernd Etzelmüller
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Ole Humlum
Arctic Geology Department, The University Centre in Svalbard,
Longyearbyen, P.O. Box 156, 9171, Svalbard, Norway
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Christophe Lambiel
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne,
Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
Karianne S. Lilleøren
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Volkmar Mair
Office for Geology and Building Materials Testing, Autonomous
Province of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
Gabriel Pellegrinon
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences,
University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
Line Rouyet
Energy and Technology Department, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Tromsø, 9294, Norway
Lucas Ruiz
Argentine Institute of Nivology, Glaciology and Environmental
Sciences, CCT CONICET Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
Tazio Strozzi
Gamma Remote Sensing, Gümligen, 3073, Switzerland
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- Potential of the Bi-Static SAR Satellite Companion Mission Harmony for Land-Ice Observations A. Kääb et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162918
- Detection and reconstruction of rock glacier kinematics over 24 years (2000–2024) from Landsat imagery D. Cusicanqui et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2559-2025
- Topographic primacy in rock glacier distribution revealed by GAMs and their water storage: Insights from a new polygonised inventory of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau P. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.109908
- Uncovering controlling factors on rock glacier velocities in the Pamir–Karakoram–Kunlun region using explainable machine learning Z. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag177
- The role of Little Ice Age glaciation in shaping the rock glacier morphology of Mount Kaçkar, Türkiye S. Yeşilyurt https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-025-00160-y
- Modeling Potential Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Process Chains and Effects From Artificial Lake‐Level Lowering at Gepang Gath Lake, Indian Himalaya A. Sattar et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF006826
- Unveiling large-scale velocity characteristics of rock glaciers in the Tibet-Pamir-Karakoram region using InSAR Z. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104733
- Polar landscape tranformations of selected glaciers in Southwestern Spitsbergen based on Sentinel-1 AutoRift pixel tracking T. Glowacki & W. Milczarek https://doi.org/10.13168/AGG.2025.0043
- The First Inventory of Rock Glaciers in the Zhetysu Alatau: The Aksu and Lepsy River Basins A. Kaldybayev et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010197
- Monitoring recent (2018–2023) glacier and rock glacier changes in Central Patagonia using high-resolution Pléiades and ALOS PRISM satellite data D. Falaschi et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2025.1601249
- G-LEAU-Net: Attention-enhanced deep learning for accurate glacier mapping from satellite data Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2026.100434
- A review of evolving remote sensing and automated techniques in rock glacier mapping S. Tamang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2026.105473
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- Optimizing rock glacier activity classification in South Tyrol (northeastern Italy): integrating multisource data with statistical modelling C. Crippa et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3493-2025
- Rock glacier inventory and predictive modeling in the Mackenzie Mountains: predicting rock glacier likelihood with a generalized additive model R. Thiessen et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2023-0065
- Knowledge Base, Thematic Structure, and Evolutionary Trends in Global Rock Glacier Research: A Bibliometric and Science Mapping Analysis Q. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16115567
- LT-1 SAR Satellite Constellation for Rock Glacier Topography Mapping and Deformation Monitoring Over the Tibetan Plateau Periglacial Environment X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3541578
- Integrating optical and InSAR data for machine learning-based rock glacier activity classification: Model evaluation across mountain regions X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2026.2654942
- Rock glaciers across the United States predominantly accelerate coincident with rise in air temperatures A. Kääb & J. Røste https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52093-z
- Slow-moving rock glaciers in marginal periglacial environment of Southern Carpathians A. Onaca et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-981-2025
- Insights from feature tracking of optical satellite data for studying rock glacier kinematics in the Northern Tien Shan E. Wood et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2024.1518390
- Rock Glacier Inventory of the Southwestern Pamirs Supported by InSAR Kinematics Q. Ma & T. Oguchi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071185
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- The distribution and hydrological significance of intact rock glaciers in the north-west Himalaya P. Chakravarti et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/04353676.2022.2120262
- Inventory and kinematics of active and transitional rock glaciers in the Southern Alps of New Zealand from Sentinel-1 InSAR C. Lambiel et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2183999
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- Short-term cooling, drying, and deceleration of an ice-rich rock glacier A. Bast et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3141-2024
- Evolutionary characteristics of mass movement in two adjacent debris flow gullies at the Great Bend of the Yarlung Zangbo River Y. Lv et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2024.2378170
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- Remote Sensing and Landsystems in the Mountain Domain: FAIR Data Accessibility and Landform Identification in the Digital Earth W. Whalley https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173348
- DEDNet: Dual-Encoder DeeplabV3+ Network for Rock Glacier Recognition Based on Multispectral Remote Sensing Image L. Lin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142603
- La chapelle du Thabor (3165 m, Hautes-Alpes), un patrimoine sensible à l’évolution du permafrost de montagne P. Duvillard et al. https://doi.org/10.4000/132bo
- A climate-driven, altitudinal transition in rock glacier dynamics detected through integration of geomorphological mapping and synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR)-based kinematics A. Bertone et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2335-2024
- Unraveling rock glaciers in the semi-arid Western Nyainqêntanglha Mountains: Insights from machine learning and Sentinel imagery for hydrological significance Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102874
- Rapid regional assessment of rock glacier activity based on DInSAR wrapped-phase signal F. Agliardi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-5003-2025
- Deciphering Small-Scale Seasonal Surface Dynamics of Rock Glaciers in the Central European Alps Using DInSAR Time Series S. Buchelt et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122982
- 100 years of monitoring in the Swiss National Park reveals overall decreasing rock glacier velocities A. Manchado et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01302-0
- RGIK guidelines for compiling consistent rock glacier inventories F. Brardinoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110050
- Quantifying degradation of the Imja Lake moraine dam with fused InSAR and SAR feature tracking time series G. Brencher et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-67-2026
- Modelling rock glacier ice content based on InSAR-derived velocity, Khumbu and Lhotse valleys, Nepal Y. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2305-2023
- Rock Glacier Inventories (RoGIs) in 12 areas worldwide using a multi-operator consensus-based procedure L. Rouyet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-4125-2025
- ISSLIDE: A New InSAR Dataset for Slow SLIding Area DEtection With Machine Learning A. Bralet et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2024.3365299
- ECSPLAIN: Explainability-Constrained Classifier for Pairing the Detection and the Localization of Moving Areas From SAR Interferograms A. Bralet et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3595267
- Transitional rock glaciers at sea level in northern Norway K. Lilleøren et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-975-2022
- Time‐series ground surface deformation revealed by advanced land observing satellite‐2 and Sentinel‐1 along the Bei'an‐Hei'he highway in Northeast China A. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.6063
- Kinematic inventory of rock glaciers in the Pyrenees based on InSAR and airborne LiDAR data J. Guerrero et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114798
- Relationship between geomorphological characteristics, environmental settings and activity of transitional rock glaciers: Insights from a statistical analysis in the French Alps J. Agziou et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70243
- Dynamics and internal structure of a rock glacier: Inferring relationships from the combined use of differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry, electrical resistivity tomography and ground‐penetrating radar S. Buchelt et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5993
Saved (final revised paper)
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
We present the guidelines developed by the IPA Action Group and within the ESA Permafrost CCI project to include InSAR-based kinematic information in rock glacier inventories. Nine operators applied these guidelines to 11 regions worldwide; more than 3600 rock glaciers are classified according to their kinematics. We test and demonstrate the feasibility of applying common rules to produce homogeneous kinematic inventories at global scale, useful for hydrological and climate change purposes.
We present the guidelines developed by the IPA Action Group and within the ESA Permafrost CCI...