Articles | Volume 15, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-95-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-95-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 06 Jan 2021
| 06 Jan 2021
Central Himalayan tree-ring isotopes reveal increasing regional heterogeneity and enhancement in ice mass loss since the 1960s
Nilendu Singh
Centre for Glaciology, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun
248001, India
Mayank Shekhar
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow 226007, India
Jayendra Singh
Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun 248001, India
Anil K. Gupta
Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
Achim Bräuning
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen–Nuremberg,
91058 Erlangen, Germany
Christoph Mayr
Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen–Nuremberg,
91058 Erlangen, Germany
Mohit Singhal
Centre for Glaciology, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun
248001, India
Related authors
Nilendu Singh, Mayank Shekhar, Bikash Ranjan Parida, Anil K. Gupta, Kalachand Sain, Santosh K. Rai, Achim Bräuning, Vikram Sharma, and Reet Kamal Tiwari
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-53, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Tree-ring isotope records from central Himalaya provided a basis for century-scale approximation on hydroclimate and glacier interaction. Multi-species isotopic coherencies specify an abrupt phase-shift since the 1960s and the governing role of winter-westerlies in regional ice-mass variability. Radiative forcing and glacier valley-scale vegetation trend analyses indicate that attribution of ice-mass to large-scale dynamics is likely to be modulated by local vegetation changes.
Thomas Mölg, Jan C. Schubert, Annette Debel, Steffen Höhnle, Kathy Steppe, Sibille Wehrmann, and Achim Bräuning
Geosci. Commun., 7, 215–225, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-215-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-215-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the understanding of weather and climate impacts on forest health in high school students. Climate physics, tree ring science, and educational research collaborate to provide an online platform that captures the students’ observations, showing they translate the measured weather and basic tree responses well. However, students hardly ever detect the causal connections. This result will help refine future classroom concepts and public climate change communication on changing forests.
Lilian Reiss, Christian Stüwe, Thomas Einwögerer, Marc Händel, Andreas Maier, Stefan Meng, Kerstin Pasda, Ulrich Simon, Bernd Zolitschka, and Christoph Mayr
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 71, 23–43, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-71-23-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-71-23-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We aim at testing and evaluating geochemical proxies and material for radiocarbon dating for their reliability and consistency at the Palaeolithic site Kammern-Grubgraben (Lower Austria). While carbonate and organic carbon contents are interpreted in terms of palaeoclimate variability, pedogenic carbonates turned out to be of Holocene age. As a consequence, the proxy data assessed here are differentially suitable for environmental reconstructions.
Carolin Kiefer, Patrick Oswald, Jasper Moernaut, Stefano Claudio Fabbri, Christoph Mayr, Michael Strasser, and Michael Krautblatter
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 1481–1503, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1481-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1481-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides amphibious investigations of debris flow fans (DFFs). We characterize active DFFs, combining laser scan and sonar surveys at Plansee. We discover a 4000-year debris flow record in sediment cores, providing evidence for a 7-fold debris flow frequency increase in the 20th and 21st centuries, coincident with 2-fold enhanced rainstorm activity in the northern European Alps. Our results indicate climate change as being the main factor controlling debris flow activity.
Nilendu Singh, Mayank Shekhar, Bikash Ranjan Parida, Anil K. Gupta, Kalachand Sain, Santosh K. Rai, Achim Bräuning, Vikram Sharma, and Reet Kamal Tiwari
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-53, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Tree-ring isotope records from central Himalaya provided a basis for century-scale approximation on hydroclimate and glacier interaction. Multi-species isotopic coherencies specify an abrupt phase-shift since the 1960s and the governing role of winter-westerlies in regional ice-mass variability. Radiative forcing and glacier valley-scale vegetation trend analyses indicate that attribution of ice-mass to large-scale dynamics is likely to be modulated by local vegetation changes.
Práxedes Muñoz, Lorena Rebolledo, Laurent Dezileau, Antonio Maldonado, Christoph Mayr, Paola Cárdenas, Carina B. Lange, Katherine Lalangui, Gloria Sanchez, Marco Salamanca, Karen Araya, Ignacio Jara, Gabriel Easton, and Marcel Ramos
Biogeosciences, 17, 5763–5785, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5763-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5763-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze marine sedimentary records to study temporal changes in oxygen and productivity in marine waters of central Chile. We observed increasing oxygenation and decreasing productivity from 6000 kyr ago to the modern era that seem to respond to El Niño–Southern Oscillation activity. In the past centuries, deoxygenation and higher productivity are re-established, mainly in the northern zones of Chile and Peru. Meanwhile, in north-central Chile the deoxygenation trend is maintained.
Kerstin Pasda, Matthias López Correa, Philipp Stojakowits, Bernhard Häck, Jérôme Prieto, Najat al-Fudhaili, and Christoph Mayr
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 69, 187–200, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-187-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-187-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The radiocarbon dating of Late Iron Age origin and anthropogenic traces such as cut marks on bones of a male elk skeleton found by a local resident in a pit cave prove an archaeological origin. So far known archaeological settlements are several tens of kilometres apart from the finds. The location and the dating are unique in that they are the first evidence of elk hunting during the Late Iron Age in the Bavarian Alps.
Yesi Zhao, Jiangfeng Shi, Shiyuan Shi, Xiaoqi Ma, Weijie Zhang, Bowen Wang, Xuguang Sun, Huayu Lu, and Achim Bräuning
Clim. Past, 15, 1113–1131, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1113-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1113-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We found that the tree-ring earlywood width (EWW) of Pinus tabuliformis from the eastern Qinling Mountains (central China) showed stronger response to May–July scPDSI than the tree-ring total width and latewood width. Therefore, variations in May–July scPDSI were reconstructed back to 1868 CE using the EWW chronology. The reconstruction exhibited a strong in-phase relationship with the East Asian summer monsoon intensity before the 1940s, which was different from that found in recent decades.
Christoph Mayr, Lukas Langhamer, Holger Wissel, Wolfgang Meier, Tobias Sauter, Cecilia Laprida, Julieta Massaferro, Günter Försterra, and Andreas Lücke
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2018-431, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2018-431, 2018
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Patagonia is a key area to understand wind dynamics and orographic isotope effects on precipitation in the southern hemisphere. Stable isotope composition of precipitation, lake and river waters were investigated. Sources of Patagonian moisture were mainly in the south-eastern Pacific. A strong heavy-isotope depletion occurs due to orographic rainout in the Andes. Isotope data allow the determination of the drying ratio (DR). The obtained DR value of 0.45 is one of the highest measured on earth.
Christoph Mayr, Renate Matzke-Karasz, Philipp Stojakowits, Sally E. Lowick, Bernd Zolitschka, Tanja Heigl, Richard Mollath, Marian Theuerkauf, Marc-Oliver Weckend, Rupert Bäumler, and Hans-Joachim Gregor
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 66, 73–89, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-66-73-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-66-73-2017, 2017
Berhan Gessesse, Woldeamlak Bewket, and Achim Bräuning
Solid Earth, 7, 639–650, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-639-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-639-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The Modjo watershed is facing land degradation challenges, which in turn have had adverse effects on its agricultural productivity. Data were modelled using a binary logistic regression model. The findings revealed that local land users’ willingness to adopt tree growing is a function of many factors, however, labour force availability, the disparity of schooling age and land tenure systems have significant influence on tree-planting investment decisions.
J. Wernicke, J. Grießinger, P. Hochreuther, and A. Bräuning
Clim. Past, 11, 327–337, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-327-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-327-2015, 2015
Related subject area
Discipline: Glaciers | Subject: Paleo-Glaciology (including Former Ice Reconstructions)
Brief communication: Identification of 140 000-year-old blue ice in the Grove Mountains, East Antarctica, by krypton-81 dating
Late Holocene glacier and climate fluctuations in the Mackenzie and Selwyn mountain ranges, northwestern Canada
Timing and climatic-driven mechanisms of glacier advances in Bhutanese Himalaya during the Little Ice Age
The Holocene dynamics of Ryder Glacier and ice tongue in north Greenland
Holocene thinning of Darwin and Hatherton glaciers, Antarctica, and implications for grounding-line retreat in the Ross Sea
Understanding drivers of glacier-length variability over the last millennium
Modelling last glacial cycle ice dynamics in the Alps
Modelling the late Holocene and future evolution of Monacobreen, northern Spitsbergen
Zhengyi Hu, Wei Jiang, Yuzhen Yan, Yan Huang, Xueyuan Tang, Lin Li, Florian Ritterbusch, Guo-Min Yang, Zheng-Tian Lu, and Guitao Shi
The Cryosphere, 18, 1647–1652, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1647-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1647-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The age of the surface blue ice in the Grove Mountains area is dated to be about 140 000 years, and one meteorite found here is 260 000 years old. It is inferred that the Grove Mountains blue-ice area holds considerable potential for paleoclimate studies.
Adam C. Hawkins, Brian Menounos, Brent M. Goehring, Gerald Osborn, Ben M. Pelto, Christopher M. Darvill, and Joerg M. Schaefer
The Cryosphere, 17, 4381–4397, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4381-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4381-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our study developed a record of glacier and climate change in the Mackenzie and Selwyn mountains of northwestern Canada over the past several hundred years. We estimate temperature change in this region using several methods and incorporate our glacier record with models of climate change to estimate how glacier volume in our study area has changed over time. Models of future glacier change show that our study area will become largely ice-free by the end of the 21st century.
Weilin Yang, Yingkui Li, Gengnian Liu, and Wenchao Chu
The Cryosphere, 16, 3739–3752, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3739-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3739-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We simulated the glacier evolutions in Bhutanese Himalaya during the LIA using OGGM. At the regional scale, four compelling glacial substages were reported, and a positive correlation between the number of glacial substages and the glacier slope was found. Based on the surface mass balance analysis, the study also indicated that the regional glacier advances are dominated by the reduction of summer ablation.
Matt O'Regan, Thomas M. Cronin, Brendan Reilly, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup, Laura Gemery, Anna Golub, Larry A. Mayer, Mathieu Morlighem, Matthias Moros, Ole L. Munk, Johan Nilsson, Christof Pearce, Henrieka Detlef, Christian Stranne, Flor Vermassen, Gabriel West, and Martin Jakobsson
The Cryosphere, 15, 4073–4097, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4073-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4073-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ryder Glacier is a marine-terminating glacier in north Greenland discharging ice into the Lincoln Sea. Here we use marine sediment cores to reconstruct its retreat and advance behavior through the Holocene. We show that while Sherard Osborn Fjord has a physiography conducive to glacier and ice tongue stability, Ryder still retreated more than 40 km inland from its current position by the Middle Holocene. This highlights the sensitivity of north Greenland's marine glaciers to climate change.
Trevor R. Hillebrand, John O. Stone, Michelle Koutnik, Courtney King, Howard Conway, Brenda Hall, Keir Nichols, Brent Goehring, and Mette K. Gillespie
The Cryosphere, 15, 3329–3354, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3329-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3329-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present chronologies from Darwin and Hatherton glaciers to better constrain ice sheet retreat during the last deglaciation in the Ross Sector of Antarctica. We use a glacier flowband model and an ensemble of 3D ice sheet model simulations to show that (i) the whole glacier system likely thinned steadily from about 9–3 ka, and (ii) the grounding line likely reached the Darwin–Hatherton Glacier System at about 3 ka, which is ≥3.8 kyr later than was suggested by previous reconstructions.
Alan Huston, Nicholas Siler, Gerard H. Roe, Erin Pettit, and Nathan J. Steiger
The Cryosphere, 15, 1645–1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1645-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1645-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate the past 1000 years of glacier length variability using a simple glacier model and an ensemble of global climate model simulations. Glaciers with long response times are more likely to record global climate changes caused by events like volcanic eruptions and greenhouse gas emissions, while glaciers with short response times are more likely to record natural variability. This difference stems from differences in the frequency spectra of natural and forced temperature variability.
Julien Seguinot, Susan Ivy-Ochs, Guillaume Jouvet, Matthias Huss, Martin Funk, and Frank Preusser
The Cryosphere, 12, 3265–3285, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3265-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3265-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
About 25 000 years ago, Alpine glaciers filled most of the valleys and even extended onto the plains. In this study, with help from traces left by glaciers on the landscape, we use a computer model that contains knowledge of glacier physics based on modern observations of Greenland and Antarctica and laboratory experiments on ice, and one of the fastest computers in the world, to attempt a reconstruction of the evolution of Alpine glaciers through time from 120 000 years ago to today.
Johannes Oerlemans
The Cryosphere, 12, 3001–3015, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3001-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3001-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Monacobreen is a 40 km long surge-type tidewater glacier in northern Spitsbergen. The front is retreating fast. Calculations with a glacier model predict that due to future climate warming this glacier will have lost 20 to 40 % of its volume by the year 2100. Because of the glacier's memory, much of the response will come after 2100, even if the climatic conditions would stabilize.
Cited articles
An, W., Liu, X., Leavitt, S. W., Xu, G., Zeng, X., Wang, W., Qin, D., and
Ren, J.: Relative humidity history on the Batang–Litang Plateau of western
China since 1755 reconstructed from tree-ring δ 18 O and δD,
Clim. Dynam., 42, 2639–2654, 2014.
Azam, M. F., Wagnon, P., Berthier, E., Vincent, C., Fujita, K., and Kargel,
J. S.: Review of the status and mass changes of Himalayan-Karakoram glaciers, J. Glaciology, 64, 61–74, 2018.
Bandyopadhyay, D., Singh, G., and Kulkarni, A. V.: Spatial distribution of
decadal ice-thickness change and glacier stored water loss in the Upper
Ganga basin, India during 2000–2014, Sci. Rep., 9, 1–9, 2019.
Basistha, A., Arya, D. S., and Goel, N. K.: Analysis of historical changes in
rainfall in the Indian Himalayas, Int. J. Climatol., 29,
555–572, 2009.
Benn, D. I. and Owen, L. A.: The role of the Indian summer monsoon and the
mid-latitude westerlies in Himalayan glaciation: review and speculative
discussion, J. Geol. Soc., 155, 353–363, 1998.
Bollasina, M. A., Ming, Y., and Ramaswamy, V.: Anthropogenic aerosols and the
weakening of the South Asian Summer Monsoon, Science, 334, 502–505, 2011.
Bolch, T., Kulkarni, A., Kääb, A., Huggel, C., Paul, F., Cogley,
J. G., Frey, H., Kargel, J. S., Fujita, K., Scheel, M., and Bajracharya, S.:
The state and fate of Himalayan glaciers, Science, 336, 310–314,
2012.
Bookhagen, B. and Burbank, D. W.: Toward a complete Himalayan hydrological
budget: Spatiotemporal distribution of snowmelt and rainfall and their
impact on river discharge, J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.,
115, F03019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001426, 2010.
Borgaonkar, H. P., Gandhi, N., Ram, S., and Krishnan, R.: Tree-ring
reconstruction of late summer temperatures in northern Sikkim (eastern
Himalayas), Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 504,
125–135, 2018.
Borgaonkar, H. P., Ram, S., and Sikder, A. B.: Assessment of tree-ring
analysis of high-elevation Cedrus deodara D. Don from Western Himalaya (India) in relation
to climate and glacier fluctuations, Dendrochronologia, 27, 59–69, 2009.
Bräuning, A.: Tree-ring evidence of “Little Ice Age” glacier advances in
southern Tibet, The Holocene, 16, 369–380, 2006.
Briffa, K. R. and Jones, P. D.: Basic chronology statistics and assessment
in: Methods of dendrochronology: applications in the environmental
sciences, edited by: Cook, E. R. and Kairiukstis, L. A., Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 1–8, 1990.
Brun, F., Berthier, E., Wagnon, P., Kääb, A., and Treichler, D.: A
spatially resolved estimate of High Mountain Asia glacier mass balances from
2000 to 2016, Nat. Geosci., 10, 668–673, 2017.
Bunn, A. G., Salzer, M. W., Anchukaitis, K. J., Bruening, J. M., and Hughes,
M. K.: Spatiotemporal variability in the climate growth response of high
elevation bristlecone pine in the White Mountains of California, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 45, 13–312, 2018.
Carl, P., Peterson, B. G., and Peterson, M. B. G.: Package
“PerformanceAnalytics”, available at: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/PerformanceAnalytics/index.html (last access: 29 March 2011), 2010.
Chakraborty, T. and Lee, X.: Land cover regulates the spatial variability
of temperature response to the direct radiative effect of aerosols,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 8995–9003, 2019.
Cook, E. R., Krusic, P. J., and Jones, P. D.: Dendroclimatic signals in long
tree-ring chronologies from the Himalayas of Nepal, Int. J. Climatol., 23,
707–732, 2003.
Cook, E. R., Anchukaitis, K. J., Buckley, B. M., D'Arrigo, R. D., Jacoby, G. C.,
and Wright, W. E.: Asian monsoon failure and megadrought during the last
millennium, Science, 328, 486–489, 2010.
Cook, E. R., Briffa, K. R., and Jones, P. D.: Spatial regression methods in
dendroclimatology: a review and comparison of two techniques, Int.
J. Climatol, 14, 379–402, 1994.
Divecha Centre for Climate Change (DCCC): State of Himalayan Glaciers and
Future Projections, Science Brief: March & September 2018, Divecha Centre
for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science (IISc.), India, 2018.
Dehecq, A., Gourmelen, N., Gardner, A. S., Brun, F., Goldberg, D., Nienow,
P. W., Berthier, E., Vincent, C., Wagnon, P., and Trouvé, E.:
Twenty-first century glacier slowdown driven by mass loss in High Mountain
Asia, Nat. Geosci., 12, 22–27, 2019.
Denniston, R. F., González, L. A., Asmerom, Y., Sharma, R. H., and Reagan,
M. K.: Speleothem evidence for changes in Indian summer monsoon precipitation
over the last ∼ 2300 years, Quatern. Res., 53, 196–202, 2000.
Duan, J., Wang, L., Li, L., and Sun, Y.: Tree-ring-inferred glacier mass balance variation in southeastern Tibetan Plateau and its linkage with climate variability, Clim. Past, 9, 2451–2458, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2451-2013, 2013.
Dumka, U. C., Saheb, S. D., Kaskaoutis, D. G., Kant, Y., and Mitra, D.: Columnar
aerosol characteristics and radiative forcing over the Doon Valley in the
Shivalik range of northwestern Himalayas, Environ. Sci.
Pollut. Res., 23, 25467–25484, 2016.
Fritts, H. C.: Tree-Rings and Climate, Academic Press, London, 567 pp., 1976.
Garg, P. K., Shukla, A., and Jasrotia, A. S.: Influence of topography on
glacier changes in the central Himalaya, India, Global Planet. Change,
155, 196–212, 2017.
Garg, P. K., Shukla, A., and Jasrotia, A. S.: Dynamics of the four major
central Himalayan glaciers: spatio-temporal trends, influencing factors and
glacier health, Himalayan Geol., 40, 141–148, 2019.
Gautam, R., Hsu, N. C., and Lau, K. M.: Premonsoon aerosol characterization
and radiative effects over the Indo-Gangetic Plains: Implications for
regional climate warming, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
115, D17208, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD013819, 2010.
Gautam, R., Hsu, N. C., Lau, K. M., Tsay, S. C., and Kafatos, M.: Enhanced
pre-monsoon warming over the Himalayan-Gangetic region from 1979 to 2007,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L07704, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037641, 2009.
Gou, X., Chen, F., Yang, M., Jacoby, G., Peng, J., and Zhang, Y.: A
comparison of tree-ring records and glacier variations over the past 700
years, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, Ann. Glaciol., 43, 86–90, 2006.
Grießinger, J., Bräuning, A., Helle, G., Thomas, A., and Schleser,
G.: Late Holocene Asian summer monsoon variability reflected by δ18O
in tree-rings from Tibetan junipers, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L03701, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045988, 2011.
Grießinger, J., Bräuning, A., Helle, G., Schleser, G. H., Hochreuther,
P., Meier, W. J. H., and Zhu, H.: A dual stable isotope approach unravels common
climate signals and species-specific responses to environmental change
stored in multi-century tree-ring series from the Tibetan plateau,
Geosciences, 9, 151, https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040151, 2019.
Grinsted, A., Moore, J. C., and Jevrejeva, S.: Application of the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence to geophysical time series, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 11, 561–566, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-11-561-2004, 2004.
Harris, I. P. D. J., Jones, P. D., Osborn, T. J., and Lister, D. H.: Updated
high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations–the CRU TS3. 10
Dataset, Int. J. Climatol., 34, 623–664, 2014.
Hochreuther, P., Loibl, D., Wernicke, J., Zhu, H., Grießinger, J., and
Bräuning, A.: Ages of major Little Ice Age glacier fluctuations on the
southeast Tibetan Plateau derived from tree-ring-based moraine dating.
Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 422, 1–10, 2015.
Hochreuther, P., Wernicke, J., Grießinger, J., Mölg, T., Zhu, H.,
Wang, L., and Bräuning, A.: Influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole on
tree-ring δ18O of monsoonal Southeast Tibet, Clim. Change,
137, 217–230, 2016.
Holmes, R. L.: Computer-assisted quality control in tree-ring dating and
measurement, Tree-Ring Bull., 43, 69–78, 1983.
Hou, J., D'Andrea, W. J., Wang, M., He, Y., and Liang, J.: Influence of the
Indian monsoon and the subtropical jet on climate change on the Tibetan
Plateau since the late Pleistocene, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 163, 84–94,
2017.
Huang, R., Zhu, H., Liang, E., Liu, B., Shi, J., Zhang, R., Yuan, Y., and
Grießinger, J.: A tree ring-based winter temperature reconstruction for
the southeastern Tibetan Plateau since 1340 CE, Clim. Dynam., 53, 3221–3233,
2019a.
Huang, R., Zhu, H., Liang, E., Grießinger, J., Wernicke, J., Yu, W.,
Hochreuther, P., Risi, C., Zeng, Y., Fremme, A., Sodemann, H., and
Bräuning, A.: Temperature signals in tree-ring oxygen isotope series
from the northern slope of the Himalaya, Earth Planet. Sci.
Lett., 506, 455–465, 2019b.
Hunt, K. M., Turner, A. G., and Shaffrey, L. C.: Falling trend of western
disturbances in future climate simulations, J. Climate, 32,
5037–5051, 2019.
Joswiak, D. R., Yao, T., Wu, G., Tian, L., and Xu, B.: Ice-core evidence of
westerly and monsoon moisture contributions in the central Tibetan Plateau, J. Glaciol., 59, 56–66, 2013.
Jury, M. W., Mendlik, T., Tani, S., Truhetz, H., Maraun, D., Immerzeel, W. W.,
and Lutz, A. F.: Climate projections for glacier change modelling over the
Himalayas, Int. J. Climatol., 40, 1738–1754, 2019.
Kääb, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J., and Arnaud, Y.:
Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first-century glacier mass change in
the Himalayas, Nature, 488, 495–498, 2012.
Kargel, J. S., Cogley, J. G., Leonard, G. J., Haritashya, U., and Byers, A.:
Himalayan glaciers: The big picture is a montage, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 14709–14710, 2011.
Kaspari, S., Hooke, R. L., Mayewski, P. A., Kang, S., Hou, S., and Qin, D.:
Snow accumulation rate on Qomolangma (Mount Everest), Himalaya: synchroneity
with sites across the Tibetan Plateau on 50–100 year timescales, J.
Glaciol., 54, 343–352, 2008.
Khan, A., Chen, F., Ahmed, M., and Zafar, M.: Rainfall reconstruction for the
Karakoram region in Pakistan since 1540 CE reveals out-of-phase relationship
in rainfall between the southern and northern slopes of the
Hindukush-Karakorum-Western Himalaya Region, Int. J.
Climatol., 40, 52–62, 2019.
Kotlia, B. S., Ahmad, S. M., Zhao, J. X., Raza, W., Collerson, K. D., Joshi,
L. M., and Sanwal, J.: Climatic fluctuations during the LIA and post-LIA in
the Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India: evidence from a 400 y old stalagmite
record, Quatern. Int., 263, 129–138, 2012.
Kotlia, B. S., Singh, A. K., Joshi, L. M., and Dhaila, B. S.: Precipitation
variability in the Indian Central Himalaya during last ca. 4,000 years
inferred from a speleothem record: Impact of Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) and
Westerlies, Quatern. Int., 371, 244–253, 2015.
Kuhn, M., Wing, J., and Weston, S.: Package “caret”, Classification and
regression training, available at: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caret (last access: 19 December 2019, 2015
Larocque, S. J. and Smith, D. J.: “Little Ice Age” proxy glacier mass balance
records reconstructed from tree rings in the Mt Waddington area, British
Columbia Coast Mountains, Canada, The Holocene, 15, 748–757, 2005.
Lau, W. K., Kim, M. K., Kim, K. M., and Lee, W. S.: Enhanced surface warming and
accelerated snow melt in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau induced by
absorbing aerosols, Environ. Res. Lett., 5, 025204, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/5/2/025204, 2010.
Laumer, W., Andreu, L., Helle, G., Schleser, G. H., Wieloch, T., and Wissel,
H.: A novel approach for the homogenization of cellulose to use
micro-amounts for stable isotope analyses, Rapid Commun. Mass. Sp., 23, 1934–1940, 2009.
Levesque, M., Andreu-Hayles, L., Smith, W. K., Williams, A. P., Hobi, M. L.,
Allred, B. W., and Pederson, N.: Tree-ring isotopes capture interannual
vegetation productivity dynamics at the biome scale, Nat. Commun.,
10, 742, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08634-y, 2019.
Li, X., Kang, S., Zhang, G., Qu, B., Tripathee, L., Paudyal, R., Jing, Z.,
Zhang, Y., Yan, F., Li, G., and Cui, X.: Light-absorbing impurities in a
southern Tibetan Plateau glacier: Variations and potential impact on snow
albedo and radiative forcing, Atmos. Res., 200, 77–87, 2018.
Liang, F., Brook, G. A., Kotlia, B. S., Railsback, L. B., Hardt, B., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., and Kandasamy, S.: Panigarh cave stalagmite evidence of
climate change in the Indian Central Himalaya since AD 1256: Monsoon breaks
and winter southern jet depressions, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 124,
145–161, 2015.
Linderholm, H. W., Jansson, P., and Chen, D.: A high-resolution reconstruction
of Storglaciären mass balance back to 1780/81 using tree-ring data and
circulation indices, Quatern. Res., 67, 12–20, 2007.
Liu, X., Xu, G., Grießinger, J., An, W., Wang, W., Zeng, X., Wu, G., and
Qin, D.: A shift in cloud cover over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau since
1600: evidence from regional tree-ring δ18O and its linkages to
tropical oceans, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 88, 55–68, 2014.
Liu, X., Zeng, X., Leavitt, S. W., Wang, W., An, W., Xu, G., Sun, W., Wang,
Y., Qin, D., and Ren, J.: A 400-year tree-ring δ18O chronology for
the southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for inferring variations of
the regional hydroclimate, Global Planet. Change, 104, 23–33, 2013.
Lyu, L., Büntgen, U., Treydte, K., Yu, K., Liang, H., Reinig, F.,
Nievergelt, D., Li, M. H., and Cherubini, P.: Tree rings reveal hydroclimatic
fingerprints of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on the Tibetan Plateau, Clim. Dynam., 53, 1023–1103, 2019.
Negi, G. C. S.: Leaf and bud demography and shoot growth in evergreen and
deciduous trees of central Himalaya, India, Trees, 20, 416–429, 2006.
Macdonald, F. A., Swanson-Hysell, N. L., Park, Y., Lisiecki, L., and Jagoutz,
O.: Arc-continent collisions in the tropics set Earth's climate state,
Science, 364, 181–184, 2019.
Mann, M. E. and Lees, J. M.: Robust estimation of background noise and signal
detection in climatic time series, Clim. Change, 33, 409–445, 1996.
Maurer, J. M., Schaefer, J. M., Rupper, S., and Corley, A.: Acceleration of
ice loss across the Himalayas over the past 40 years, Sci. Adv.,
5, eaav7266, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav7266, 2019.
Mayewski, P. A. and Jeschke, P. A.: Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan glacier
fluctuations since AD 1812, Arctic Alpine Res., 11, 267–287,
1979.
Mayewski, P. A., Pregent, G. P., Jeschke, P. A., and Ahmad, N.: Himalayan and
Trans-Himalayan glacier fluctuations and the south Asian monsoon record,
Arctic Alpine Res., 12, 171–182, 1980.
McCarroll, D. and Loader, N. J.: Stable isotopes in tree rings, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 23, 771–801, 2004.
McCarroll, D., Gagen, M. H., Loader, N. J., Robertson, I., Anchukaitis, K. J.,
Los, S., Young, G. H., Jalkanen, R., Kirchhefer, A., and Waterhouse, J. S.:
Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in
the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Acta, 73, 1539–1547, 2009.
Michaelsen, J.: Cross-validation in statistical climate forecast models, J. Climate Appl. Meteorol., 26, 1589–1600, 1987.
Misra, A. K., Dwivedi, S., and Das, S.: Role of Arabian Sea Warming on the
Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in a Regional Climate Model, Int.
J. Climatol., 40, 2226–2238, 2019.
Mölg, T., Maussion, F., and Scherer, D.: Mid-latitude westerlies as a
driver of glacier variability in monsoonal High Asia, Nat. Clim. Change,
4, 68–73, 2014.
Mortin, J., Svensson, G., Graversen, R. G., Kapsch, M. L., Stroeve, J. C., and
Boisvert, L. N.: Melt onset over Arctic sea ice controlled by atmospheric
moisture transport, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 6636–6642, 2016.
Murari, M. K., Owen, L. A., Dortch, J. M., Caffee, M. W., Dietsch, C., Fuchs,
M., Haneberg, W. C., Sharma, M. C., and Townsend-Small, A.: Timing and
climatic drivers for glaciation across monsoon-influenced regions of the
Himalayan–Tibetan orogen, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 88, 159–182, 2014.
Nicolussi, K. and Patzelt, G.: Reconstructing glacier history in Tyrol by
means of tree-ring investigations, Z. Gletscherkunde
Glazialgeol., 32, 207–215, 1996.
Owen, L. A., Caffee, M. W., Finkel, R. C., and Seong, Y. B.: Quaternary
glaciation of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen, J. Quatern. Sci., 23, 513–531, 2008.
Peings, Y., Cattiaux, J., and Magnusdottir, G.: The Polar Stratosphere as an
Arbiter of the Projected Tropical Versus Polar Tug of War, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 46, 9261–9270, 2019.
Prasad, A. K., Yang, K.-H. S., El-Askary, H. M., and Kafatos, M.: Melting of major Glaciers in the western Himalayas: evidence of climatic changes from long term MSU derived tropospheric temperature trend (1979–2008), Ann. Geophys., 27, 4505–4519, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-4505-2009, 2009.
Pratap, B., Dobhal, D. P., Bhambri, R., Mehta, M., and Tewari, V. C.: Four
decades of glacier mass balance observations in the Indian Himalaya,
Reg. Environ. Change, 16, 643–658, 2016.
Qin, D., Mayewski, P. A., Wake, C. P., Shichang, K., Jiawen, R., Shugui, H.,
Tandong, Y., Qinzhao, Y., Zhefan, J., and Desheng, M.: Evidence for recent
climate change from ice cores in the central Himalaya, Ann. Glaciol.,
31, 153–158, 2000.
Raina, V. K. and Srivastava, D.: Glacier atlas of India, Geological Society of India, Bangalore, 316 pp., 2008.
Ridley, H. E., Asmerom, Y., Baldini, J. U., Breitenbach, S. F., Aquino, V. V.,
Prufer, K. M., Culleton, B. J., Polyak, V., Lechleitner, F. A., Kennett, D. J.,
and Zhang, M.: Aerosol forcing of the position of the intertropical
convergence zone since AD 1550, Nat. Geosci., 8, 195–200, 2015.
Rowan, A. V.: The “Little Ice Age” in the Himalaya: A review of glacier
advance driven by Northern Hemisphere temperature change, The Holocene,
27, 292–308, 2017.
Roxy, M. K., Ghosh, S., Pathak, A., Athulya, R., Mujumdar, M., Murtugudde,
R., Terray, P., and Rajeevan, M.: A threefold rise in widespread extreme rain
events over central India, Nat. Commun., 8, 708, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00744-9, 2017.
Roxy, M. K., Ritika, K., Terray, P., Murtugudde, R., Ashok, K., and Goswami,
B. N.: Drying of Indian subcontinent by rapid Indian Ocean warming and a
weakening land-sea thermal gradient, Nat. Commun., 6, 7423, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8423, 2015.
Saikranthi, K., Radhakrishna, B., Narayana Rao, T., and Satheesh, S. K.: Variability in vertical structure of precipitation with sea surface temperature over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal as inferred by Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation radar measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10423–10432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10423-2019, 2019.
Saha, S., Owen, L. A., Orr, E. N., and Caffee, M. W.: High-frequency Holocene
glacier fluctuations in the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 220, 372–400, 2019.
Sakai, A. and Fujita, K.: Contrasting glacier responses to recent climate
change in high-mountain Asia, Sci. Rep., 7, 13717, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14256-5, 2017.
Sano, M., Dimri, A. P., Ramesh, R., Xu, C., Li, Z., and Nakatsuka, T.:
Moisture source signals preserved in a 242-year tree-ring δ18O
chronology in the western Himalaya, Global Planet. Change, 157,
73–82, 2017.
Sano, M., Ramesh, R., Sheshshayee, M. S., and Sukumar, R.: Increasing aridity
over the past 223 years in the Nepal Himalaya inferred from a tree-ring
δ18O chronology, The Holocene, 22, 809–817, 2012.
Sano, M., Tshering, P., Komori, J., Fujita, K., Xu, C., and Nakatsuka, T.:
May–September precipitation in the Bhutan Himalaya since 1743 as
reconstructed from tree ring cellulose δ18O, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 8399–8410, 2013.
Shah, S. K., Bhattacharyya, A., and Shekhar, M.: Reconstructing discharge of
Beas river basin, Kullu valley, western Himalaya, based on tree-ring data,
Quatern. Int., 286, 138–147, 2013.
Shekhar, M., Bhardwaj, A., Singh, S., Ranhotra, P. S., Bhattacharyya, A.,
Pal, A. K., Roy, I., Martín-Torres, F. J., and Zorzano, M. P.: Himalayan
glaciers experienced significant mass loss during later phases of little ice
age, Sci. Rep., 7, 10305, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09212-2, 2017.
Shi, C., Daux, V., Zhang, Q.-B., Risi, C., Hou, S.-G., Stievenard, M., Pierre, M., Li, Z., and Masson-Delmotte, V.: Reconstruction of southeast Tibetan Plateau summer climate using tree ring δ18O: moisture variability over the past two centuries, Clim. Past, 8, 205–213, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-205-2012, 2012.
Shukla, T., Sundriyal, S., Stachnik, L., and Mehta, M.: Carbonate and
silicate weathering in glacial environments and its relation to atmospheric
CO2 cycling in the Himalaya, Ann. Glaciol., 59, 159–170, 2018.
Singh, D., Seager, R., Cook, B. I., Cane, M., Ting, M., Cook, E., and Davis,
M.: Climate and the Global Famine of 1876–78, J. Climate, 31,
9445–9467, 2018.
Singh, J. and Yadav, R. R.: Tree-ring-based seven century long flow records
of Satluj River, western Himalaya, India, Quatern. Int., 304,
156–162, 2013.
Singh, J., Park, W. K., and Yadav, R. R.: Tree-ring-based hydrological records
for western Himalaya, India, since AD 1560, Clim. Dynam., 26,
295–303, 2006.
Singh, J., Singh, N., Chauhan, P., Yadav, R. R., Bräuning, A., Mayr, C.,
and Rastogi, T.: Tree-ring δ18O records of abating June-July
monsoon rainfall over the Himalayan region in the last 273 years, Quatern. Int., 532, 48–56, 2019.
Singh, N., Singhal M., Chhikara, S., Karakoti, I., Chauhan, P., and Dobhal,
D. P.: Radiation and energy balance dynamics over a rapidly receding glacier
in the central Himalaya, Int. J. Climatol., 40, 400–420, 2020.
Sinha, A., Kathayat, G., Cheng, H., Breitenbach, S. F., Berkelhammer, M.,
Mudelsee, M., Biswas, J., and Edwards, R. L.: Trends and oscillations in the
Indian summer monsoon rainfall over the last two millennia, Nat. Commun., 6, 6309, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7309, 2015.
Solomina, O. N., Bradley, R. S., Jomelli, V., Geirsdottir, A., Kaufman, D. S.,
Koch, J., McKay, N. P., Masiokas, M., Miller, G., Nesje, A., and Nicolussi,
K.: Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 149, 61–90, 2016.
Thompson, L. G., Yao, T., Mosley-Thompson, E., Davis, M. E., Henderson, K. A.,
and Lin, P. N.: A high-resolution millennial record of the South Asian
monsoon from Himalayan ice cores, Science, 289, 1916–1919, 2000.
Tomkins, J. D., Lamoureux, S. F., and Sauchyn, D. J.: Reconstruction of climate
and glacial history based on a comparison of varve and tree-ring records
from Mirror Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada, Quatern. Sci. Rev.,
27, 1426–1441, 2008.
UNEP: Recent Trends in Melting
Glaciers, Tropospheric Temperatures over the Himalayas and Summer Monsoon
Rainfall over India, United Nations Environment Programme, 2009.
Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., and Gabry, J.: Practical Bayesian model evaluation
using leave-one-out cross-validation and WAIC, Stat. Comput.,
27, 1413–1432, 2017.
Wang, R., Liu, S., Shangguan, D., Radić, V., and Zhang, Y.: Spatial
Heterogeneity in Glacier Mass-Balance Sensitivity across High Mountain Asia,
Water, 11, 776, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11040776, 2019.
Watanabe, M., Yanagawa, A., Watanabe, S., Hirabayashi, Y., and Kanae, S.:
Quantifying the range of future glacier mass change projections caused by
differences among observed past-climate datasets, Clim. Dynam., 53, 2425–2435,
2019.
Watson, E. and Luckman, B. H.: Tree-ring-based mass-balance estimates for the
past 300 years at Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada, Quatern. Res.,
62, 9–18, 2004.
Wernicke, J., Hochreuther, P., Grießinger, J., Zhu, H., Wang, L., and
Bräuning, A.: Multi-century humidity reconstructions from the
southeastern Tibetan Plateau inferred from tree-ring δ18O, Global Planet. Change, 149, 26–35, 2017.
Wickham, H.: ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis, Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3, 2016.
Wieloch, T., Helle, G., Heinrich, I., Voigt, M., and Schyma, P.: A novel
device for batch-wise isolation of α-cellulose from small-amount
wholewood samples, Dendrochronologia, 29, 115–117, 2011.
Willeit, M., Ganopolski, A., Calov, R., and Brovkin, V.: Mid-Pleistocene
transition in glacial cycles explained by declining CO2 and regolith
removal, Sci. Adv., 5, eaav7337, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav7337, 2019.
Xu, B., Cao, J., Hansen, J., Yao, T., Joswia, D. R., Wang, N., Wu, G., Wang,
M., Zhao, H., Yang, W., and Liu, X.: Black soot and the survival of Tibetan
glaciers, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106,
22114–22118, 2009.
Xu, C., Sano, M., Dimri, A. P., Ramesh, R., Nakatsuka, T., Shi, F., and Guo, Z.: Decreasing Indian summer monsoon on the northern Indian sub-continent during the last 180 years: evidence from five tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotope chronologies, Clim. Past, 14, 653–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-653-2018, 2018.
Xu, P., Zhu, H., Shao, X., and Yin, Z.: Tree ring-dated fluctuation history
of Midui glacier since the little ice age in the southeastern Tibetan
plateau, Sci. China Earth Sci., 55, 521–529, 2012.
Yadav, R. R. and Bhutiyani, M. R.: Tree-ring-based snowfall record for cold
arid western Himalaya, India since AD 1460, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 7516–7522, 2013.
Yadav, R. R.: Tree ring evidence of a 20th century precipitation surge in
the monsoon shadow zone of the western Himalaya, India, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D02112, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014647, 2011.
Yadav, R. R., Bräuning, A., and Singh, J.: Tree ring inferred summer
temperature variations over the last millennium in western Himalaya, India, Clim. Dynam., 36, 1545–1554, 2011.
Yang, B., Bräuning, A., Dong, Z., Zhang, Z., and Jiao, K.: Late Holocene
monsoonal temperate glacier fluctuations on the Tibetan Plateau, Global Planet. Change, 60, 126–140, 2008.
Yao, T., Thompson, L., Yang, W., Yu, W., Gao, Y., Guo, X., Yang, X., Duan,
K., Zhao, H., Xu, B., and Pu, J.: Different glacier status with atmospheric
circulations in Tibetan Plateau and surroundings, Nat. Clim. Change,
2, 663–667, 2012.
Zech, W., Glaser, B., Abramowski, U., Dittmar, C., and Kubik, P. W.:
Reconstruction of the Late Quaternary Glaciation of the Macha Khola valley
(Gorkha Himal, Nepal) using relative and absolute (14C, 10Be,
dendrochronology) dating techniques, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 22,
2253–2265, 2003.
Zemp, M., Huss, M., Thibert, E., Eckert, N., McNabb, R., Huber, J.,
Barandun, M., Machguth, H., Nussbaumer, S. U., Gärtner-Roer, I. and
Thomson, L.: Global glacier mass changes and their contributions to
sea-level rise from 1961 to 2016, Nature, 568, 382–386, 2019.
Zeng, X., Liu, X., Treydte, K., Evans, M. N., Wang, W., An, W., Sun, W., Xu,
G., Wu, G., and Zhang, X.: Climate signals in tree-ring δ18O and
δ13C from southeastern Tibet: insights from observations and forward
modelling of intra-to interdecadal variability, New Phytologist, 216,
1104–1118, 2017.
Zhang, R., Wei, W., Shang, H., Yu, S., Gou, X., Qin, L., Bolatov, K., and
Mambetov, B. T.: A tree ring-based record of annual mass balance changes for
the TS. Tuyuksuyskiy Glacier and its linkages to climate change in the
Tianshan Mountains, Quatern. Sci. Rev., 205, 10–21, 2019.
Zhang, T., Wang, T., Krinner, G., Wang, X., Gasser, T., Peng, S., Piao, S.,
and Yao, T.: The weakening relationship between Eurasian spring snow cover
and Indian summer monsoon rainfall, Sci. Adv., 5, eaau8932, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau8932,
2019.
Zhang, Y., Kang, S., Cong, Z., Schmale, J., Sprenger, M., Li, C., Yang, W.,
Gao, T., Sillanpää, M., Li, X., and Liu, Y.: Light-absorbing
impurities enhance glacier albedo reduction in the southeastern Tibetan
plateau, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 6915–6933,
2017.
Zhao, Z., Wang, Q., Xu, B., Shen, Z., Huang, R., Zhu, C., Su, X., Zhao, S.,
Long, X., Liu, S., and Cao, J.: Black carbon aerosol and its radiative impact
at a high-altitude remote site on the southeastern Tibet Plateau, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 5515–5530, 2017.
Zhu, H. F., Shao, X. M., Yin, Z. Y., and Huang, L.: Early summer temperature
reconstruction in the eastern Tibetan Plateau since AD 1440 using tree-ring
width of Sabina tibetica, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 106, 45–53, 2011.
Short summary
Tree-ring isotope records from the central Himalaya provided a basis for previously lacking regional multi-century glacier mass balance (MB) reconstruction. Isotopic and climate coherency analyses specify an eastward-declining influence of the westerlies, an increase in east–west climate heterogeneity, and an increase in ice mass loss since the 1960s. Reasons for this are attributed to anthropogenic climate change, including concurrent alterations in atmospheric circulation patterns.
Tree-ring isotope records from the central Himalaya provided a basis for previously lacking...
