The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
Articles | Volume 15, issue 12
Articles | Volume 15, issue 12
The Cryosphere, 15, 5473–5482, 2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5473-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
The Cryosphere, 15, 5473–5482, 2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5473-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 15, issue 12
Research article
08 Dec 2021
Research article | 08 Dec 2021

Perspectives on future sea ice and navigability in the Arctic

Jinlei Chen et al.

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Discussed (final revised paper)

Latest update: 16 May 2022
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Short summary
Sea ice is retreating with rapid warming in the Arctic. It will continue and approach the worst predicted pathway released by the IPCC. The irreversible tipping point might show around 2060 when the oldest ice will have completely disappeared. It has a huge impact on human production. Ordinary merchant ships will be able to pass the Northeast Passage and Northwest Passage by the midcentury, and the opening time will advance to the next 10 years for icebreakers with moderate ice strengthening.
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