Articles | Volume 15, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-265-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-265-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 19 Jan 2021
| 19 Jan 2021
Debris cover and the thinning of Kennicott Glacier, Alaska: in situ measurements, automated ice cliff delineation and distributed melt estimates
Department of Geological Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine
Research, University of Colorado Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473
Potsdam, Germany
William H. Armstrong
Department of Geological Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine
Research, University of Colorado Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA
Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State
University, 033 Rankin Science West, ASU Box 32067, Boone, NC 28608-2067,
USA
Robert S. Anderson
Department of Geological Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine
Research, University of Colorado Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA
Pascal Buri
Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, 2156 Koyukuk
Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 3,442 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Sep 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,278 | 1,039 | 125 | 3,442 | 347 | 149 | 126 |
- HTML: 2,278
- PDF: 1,039
- XML: 125
- Total: 3,442
- Supplement: 347
- BibTeX: 149
- EndNote: 126
Total article views: 2,472 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 19 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,741 | 654 | 77 | 2,472 | 206 | 96 | 71 |
- HTML: 1,741
- PDF: 654
- XML: 77
- Total: 2,472
- Supplement: 206
- BibTeX: 96
- EndNote: 71
Total article views: 970 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Sep 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 537 | 385 | 48 | 970 | 141 | 53 | 55 |
- HTML: 537
- PDF: 385
- XML: 48
- Total: 970
- Supplement: 141
- BibTeX: 53
- EndNote: 55
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 3,442 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,158 with geography defined
and 284 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,472 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,392 with geography defined
and 80 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 970 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 766 with geography defined
and 204 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
36 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Stream hydrology controls on ice cliff evolution and survival on debris-covered glaciers E. Petersen et al. 10.5194/esurf-12-727-2024
- Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: an application to High Mountain Asia L. Compagno et al. 10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022
- A Comparative Study of Methods for Estimating the Thickness of Glacial Debris: A Case Study of the Koxkar Glacier in the Tian Shan Mountains J. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs16234356
- Debris-cover impact on glacier melting in the Upper Indus Basin B. Nabi et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100867
- Using thermal UAV imagery to model distributed debris thicknesses and sub-debris melt rates on debris-covered glaciers R. Bisset et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.116
- Influence of debris cover on the glacier melting in the Himalaya S. Romshoo et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104204
- Understanding Complex Debris-Covered Glaciers: Concepts, Issues, and Research Directions D. Huo et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.652279
- Modelling steady states and the transient response of debris-covered glaciers J. Ferguson & A. Vieli 10.5194/tc-15-3377-2021
- Short-Term Variability in Alaska Ice-Marginal Lake Area: Implications for Long-Term Studies A. Hengst et al. 10.3390/rs13193955
- A reassessment of ice cliff dynamics upon debris-covered glaciers G. Evatt et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.34
- Contrasting Changes of Debris-Free Glacier and Debris-Covered Glacier in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau C. Zhao et al. 10.3390/rs16050918
- Controls on Ice Cliff Distribution and Characteristics on Debris‐Covered Glaciers M. Kneib et al. 10.1029/2022GL102444
- Steep ice – progress and future challenges in research on ice cliffs J. Steiner et al. 10.1017/aog.2023.41
- Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces E. Miles et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966
- Impact of Image-Processing Routines on Mapping Glacier Surface Facies from Svalbard and the Himalayas Using Pixel-Based Methods S. Jawak et al. 10.3390/rs14061414
- The Significance of Convection in Supraglacial Debris Revealed Through Novel Analysis of Thermistor Profiles E. Petersen et al. 10.1029/2021JF006520
- Be‐10 Dating of Ice‐Marginal Moraines in the Khumbu Valley, Nepal, Central Himalaya, Reveals the Response of Monsoon‐Influenced Glaciers to Holocene Climate Change J. Hornsey et al. 10.1029/2022JF006645
- The Causes of Debris-Covered Glacier Thinning: Evidence for the Importance of Ice Dynamics From Kennicott Glacier, Alaska L. Anderson et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.680995
- Recent Evolution of Glaciers in the Manaslu Region of Nepal From Satellite Imagery and UAV Data (1970–2019) A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.767317
- What Can Thermal Imagery Tell Us About Glacier Melt Below Rock Debris? S. Herreid 10.3389/feart.2021.681059
- Topographic controls on ice flow and recession for Juneau Icefield (Alaska/British Columbia) B. Davies et al. 10.1002/esp.5383
- Glacier mass balance and its climatic and nonclimatic drivers in the Ladakh region during 2000–2021 from remote sensing data A. Mandal et al. 10.1017/jog.2024.19
- Comparing the evolution of debris-free and debris-covered glaciers during the end of the Lateglacial and the Holocene in Dudh Koshi basin, Everest region, Nepal V. Jomelli et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108994
- Thinning and surface mass balance patterns of two neighbouring debris-covered glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau C. Zhao et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3895-2023
- Distributed Global Debris Thickness Estimates Reveal Debris Significantly Impacts Glacier Mass Balance D. Rounce et al. 10.1029/2020GL091311
- Surface composition of debris-covered glaciers across the Himalaya using linear spectral unmixing of Landsat 8 OLI imagery A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4557-2021
- A low-cost and open-source approach for supraglacial debris thickness mapping using UAV-based infrared thermography J. Messmer & A. Groos 10.5194/tc-18-719-2024
- Debris-covered glacier systems and associated glacial lake outburst flood hazards: challenges and prospects A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.1144/jgs2021-084
- The Role of Differential Ablation and Dynamic Detachment in Driving Accelerating Mass Loss From a Debris‐Covered Himalayan Glacier A. Rowan et al. 10.1029/2020JF005761
- Interannual Dynamics of Ice Cliff Populations on Debris‐Covered Glaciers From Remote Sensing Observations and Stochastic Modeling M. Kneib et al. 10.1029/2021JF006179
- Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry M. Kneib et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
- Estimation of ice ablation on a debris-covered glacier from vertical debris-temperature profiles S. Laha et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.35
- Debris cover effect on the evolution of Northern Caucasus glaciers in the 21st century T. Postnikova et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.1256696
- The Challenge of Non-Stationary Feedbacks in Modeling the Response of Debris-Covered Glaciers to Climate Forcing L. Nicholson et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.662695
- The Rise and Fall of Alaska and Yukon Glaciers Detected by TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason‐2 Altimeters Using a Novel Glacier‐Threshold Method D. Tao et al. 10.1029/2022JF006977
- Ice Cliff Dynamics of Debris-Covered Trakarding Glacier in the Rolwaling Region, Nepal Himalaya Y. Sato et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.623623
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Stream hydrology controls on ice cliff evolution and survival on debris-covered glaciers E. Petersen et al. 10.5194/esurf-12-727-2024
- Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: an application to High Mountain Asia L. Compagno et al. 10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022
- A Comparative Study of Methods for Estimating the Thickness of Glacial Debris: A Case Study of the Koxkar Glacier in the Tian Shan Mountains J. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs16234356
- Debris-cover impact on glacier melting in the Upper Indus Basin B. Nabi et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100867
- Using thermal UAV imagery to model distributed debris thicknesses and sub-debris melt rates on debris-covered glaciers R. Bisset et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.116
- Influence of debris cover on the glacier melting in the Himalaya S. Romshoo et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104204
- Understanding Complex Debris-Covered Glaciers: Concepts, Issues, and Research Directions D. Huo et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.652279
- Modelling steady states and the transient response of debris-covered glaciers J. Ferguson & A. Vieli 10.5194/tc-15-3377-2021
- Short-Term Variability in Alaska Ice-Marginal Lake Area: Implications for Long-Term Studies A. Hengst et al. 10.3390/rs13193955
- A reassessment of ice cliff dynamics upon debris-covered glaciers G. Evatt et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.34
- Contrasting Changes of Debris-Free Glacier and Debris-Covered Glacier in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau C. Zhao et al. 10.3390/rs16050918
- Controls on Ice Cliff Distribution and Characteristics on Debris‐Covered Glaciers M. Kneib et al. 10.1029/2022GL102444
- Steep ice – progress and future challenges in research on ice cliffs J. Steiner et al. 10.1017/aog.2023.41
- Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces E. Miles et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966
- Impact of Image-Processing Routines on Mapping Glacier Surface Facies from Svalbard and the Himalayas Using Pixel-Based Methods S. Jawak et al. 10.3390/rs14061414
- The Significance of Convection in Supraglacial Debris Revealed Through Novel Analysis of Thermistor Profiles E. Petersen et al. 10.1029/2021JF006520
- Be‐10 Dating of Ice‐Marginal Moraines in the Khumbu Valley, Nepal, Central Himalaya, Reveals the Response of Monsoon‐Influenced Glaciers to Holocene Climate Change J. Hornsey et al. 10.1029/2022JF006645
- The Causes of Debris-Covered Glacier Thinning: Evidence for the Importance of Ice Dynamics From Kennicott Glacier, Alaska L. Anderson et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.680995
- Recent Evolution of Glaciers in the Manaslu Region of Nepal From Satellite Imagery and UAV Data (1970–2019) A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.767317
- What Can Thermal Imagery Tell Us About Glacier Melt Below Rock Debris? S. Herreid 10.3389/feart.2021.681059
- Topographic controls on ice flow and recession for Juneau Icefield (Alaska/British Columbia) B. Davies et al. 10.1002/esp.5383
- Glacier mass balance and its climatic and nonclimatic drivers in the Ladakh region during 2000–2021 from remote sensing data A. Mandal et al. 10.1017/jog.2024.19
- Comparing the evolution of debris-free and debris-covered glaciers during the end of the Lateglacial and the Holocene in Dudh Koshi basin, Everest region, Nepal V. Jomelli et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108994
- Thinning and surface mass balance patterns of two neighbouring debris-covered glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau C. Zhao et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3895-2023
- Distributed Global Debris Thickness Estimates Reveal Debris Significantly Impacts Glacier Mass Balance D. Rounce et al. 10.1029/2020GL091311
- Surface composition of debris-covered glaciers across the Himalaya using linear spectral unmixing of Landsat 8 OLI imagery A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4557-2021
- A low-cost and open-source approach for supraglacial debris thickness mapping using UAV-based infrared thermography J. Messmer & A. Groos 10.5194/tc-18-719-2024
- Debris-covered glacier systems and associated glacial lake outburst flood hazards: challenges and prospects A. Racoviteanu et al. 10.1144/jgs2021-084
- The Role of Differential Ablation and Dynamic Detachment in Driving Accelerating Mass Loss From a Debris‐Covered Himalayan Glacier A. Rowan et al. 10.1029/2020JF005761
- Interannual Dynamics of Ice Cliff Populations on Debris‐Covered Glaciers From Remote Sensing Observations and Stochastic Modeling M. Kneib et al. 10.1029/2021JF006179
- Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry M. Kneib et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
- Estimation of ice ablation on a debris-covered glacier from vertical debris-temperature profiles S. Laha et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.35
- Debris cover effect on the evolution of Northern Caucasus glaciers in the 21st century T. Postnikova et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.1256696
- The Challenge of Non-Stationary Feedbacks in Modeling the Response of Debris-Covered Glaciers to Climate Forcing L. Nicholson et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.662695
- The Rise and Fall of Alaska and Yukon Glaciers Detected by TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason‐2 Altimeters Using a Novel Glacier‐Threshold Method D. Tao et al. 10.1029/2022JF006977
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 14 Dec 2024
Short summary
Many glaciers are thinning rapidly beneath debris cover (loose rock) that reduces melt, including Kennicott Glacier in Alaska. This contradiction has been explained by melt hotspots, such as ice cliffs, scattered within the debris cover. However, at Kennicott Glacier declining ice flow explains the rapid thinning. Through this study, Kennicott Glacier is now the first glacier in Alaska, and the largest glacier globally, where melt across its debris-covered tongue has been rigorously quantified.
Many glaciers are thinning rapidly beneath debris cover (loose rock) that reduces melt,...
