Articles | Volume 20, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-4721-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-4721-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Nondimensional parameter regimes of Arctic ice keel-ocean flow interactions and internal wave drag
Fangchen Liu
University of Waterloo, Department of Applied Mathematics, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Varvara E. Zemskova
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
University of Waterloo, Department of Applied Mathematics, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Related authors
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Sam De Abreu, Rosalie M. Cormier, Mikhail G. Schee, Varvara E. Zemskova, Erica Rosenblum, and Nicolas Grisouard
The Cryosphere, 18, 3159–3176, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3159-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3159-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic sea ice is becoming more mobile and thinner, which will affect the upper Arctic Ocean in unforeseen ways. Using numerical simulations, we find that mixing by ice keels (ridges underlying sea ice) depends significantly on their speeds and depths and the density structure of the upper ocean. Large uncertainties in our results highlight the need for more realistic numerical simulations and better measurements of ice keel characteristics.
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Short summary
When sea ice moves along the ocean surface, it can generate waves below the ocean surface. Because these processes occur at spatial and temporal scales smaller than those captured by climate models, they need to be approximated. Here, we (1) find the relevant value ranges and spatial distributions of the parameters that describe this problem to improve this approximation and (2) examine the wave generation and turbulence using numerical experiments for a selected set of parameter values.
When sea ice moves along the ocean surface, it can generate waves below the ocean surface....