The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2589-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2589-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Research article
 | 
30 Apr 2026
Research article |  | 30 Apr 2026

The Eurasian and North American ice sheets at the Last and Penultimate glacial maxima: coupled atmosphere–ice sheet model sensitivity and calibration

Violet L. Patterson, Lauren J. Gregoire, Ruza F. Ivanovic, Niall Gandy, Stephen Cornford, Jonathan Owen, Sam Sherriff-Tadano, and Robin S. Smith

Viewed

Total article views: 4,443 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total Supplement BibTeX EndNote
3,614 695 134 4,443 326 140 198
  • HTML: 3,614
  • PDF: 695
  • XML: 134
  • Total: 4,443
  • Supplement: 326
  • BibTeX: 140
  • EndNote: 198
Views and downloads (calculated since 14 Feb 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 14 Feb 2025)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 4,443 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 4,284 with geography defined and 159 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 

Saved (final revised paper)

Latest update: 14 Aug 2026
Download
Short summary
Simulations of the last two glacial periods are ran using a computer model in which the atmosphere and ice sheets interact. The model is able to produce ice sheet volumes, extents and dynamics in good agreement with data. Sensitivity analysis is undertaken and shows the Northern Hemisphere ice sheet size is particularly sensitive to the albedo of the ice in the model but the different ice sheets display different sensitivities to other processes.
Read more
Share