The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2089-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2089-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 4
Brief communication
 | 
15 Apr 2026
Brief communication |  | 15 Apr 2026

Brief communication: Uncertainties in Southern Ocean sea surface conditions and their impact on Antarctic climate over 1958–1978

Quentin Dalaiden and Ingo Bethke

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Short summary
Historical Antarctic climate before satellites contain uncertainties, a modern state-of-the-art atmospheric reanalysis indicates an unrealistically cold Antarctica in 1958–1978. We test how much of this bias comes from uncertain ocean and sea-ice conditions by performing two climate model ensembles with different ocean datasets. These differences affect Antarctic climate, but they explain only a fraction of the cold bias, meaning other factors also contribute.
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