The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4741-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4741-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
Research article
 | 
21 Oct 2025
Research article |  | 21 Oct 2025

Sea ice in the Baltic Sea during 1993/94–2020/21 ice seasons from satellite observations and model reanalysis

Shakti Singh, Ilja Maljutenko, and Rivo Uiboupin

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Short summary
The sea ice statistics study highlights the bias in model estimations compared to satellite data and provides a simple approach to minimise that. During the study period, the model estimates sea ice forming slightly earlier but aligns well with the satellite data for ice season's end. Rapid decrease in the sea ice parameters is observed across the Baltic Sea, especially the ice thickness in the Bothnian Bay sub-basin. These statistics could be crucial for regional adaptation strategies.
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