The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 19, issue 4
Articles | Volume 19, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1599-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1599-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 4
Research article
 | 
23 Apr 2025
Research article |  | 23 Apr 2025

Glacier damage evolution over ice flow timescales

Meghana Ranganathan, Alexander A. Robel, Alexander Huth, and Ravindra Duddu

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Short summary
The rate of ice loss from ice sheets is controlled by the flow of ice from the center of the ice sheet and by the internal fracturing of the ice. These processes are coupled; fractures reduce the viscosity of ice and enable more rapid flow, and rapid flow causes the fracturing of ice. We present a simplified way of representing damage that is applicable to long-timescale flow estimates. Using this model, we find that including fracturing in an ice sheet simulation can increase the loss of ice by 13–29 %.
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