The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-505-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-505-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
Research article
 | 
11 Feb 2022
Research article |  | 11 Feb 2022

GNSS signal-based snow water equivalent determination for different snowpack conditions along a steep elevation gradient

Achille Capelli, Franziska Koch, Patrick Henkel, Markus Lamm, Florian Appel, Christoph Marty, and Jürg Schweizer

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Latest update: 17 Apr 2025
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Short summary
Snow occurrence, snow amount, snow density and liquid water content (LWC) can vary considerably with climatic conditions and elevation. We show that low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensors as GPS can be used for reliably measuring the amount of water stored in the snowpack or snow water equivalent (SWE), snow depth and the LWC under a broad range of climatic conditions met at different elevations in the Swiss Alps.
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