The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 16, issue 12
Articles | Volume 16, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4779-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4779-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 16, issue 12
Research article
 | 
05 Dec 2022
Research article |  | 05 Dec 2022

Changes in the annual sea ice freeze–thaw cycle in the Arctic Ocean from 2001 to 2018

Long Lin, Ruibo Lei, Mario Hoppmann, Donald K. Perovich, and Hailun He

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Latest update: 01 Nov 2025
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Short summary
Ice mass balance observations indicated that average basal melt onset was comparable in the central Arctic Ocean and approximately 17 d earlier than surface melt in the Beaufort Gyre. The average onset of basal growth lagged behind the surface of the pan-Arctic Ocean for almost 3 months. In the Beaufort Gyre, both drifting-buoy observations and fixed-point observations exhibit a trend towards earlier basal melt onset, which can be ascribed to the earlier warming of the surface ocean.
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