Articles | Volume 15, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3877-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3877-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Aug 2021
Research article |
| 20 Aug 2021
| 20 Aug 2021
The distribution and evolution of supraglacial lakes on 79° N Glacier (north-eastern Greenland) and interannual climatic controls
Institute of Geography, Friedrich–Alexander University, 90154 Erlangen, Germany
Philipp Hochreuther
Institute of Geography, Friedrich–Alexander University, 90154 Erlangen, Germany
Nathalie Reimann
Institute of Geography, Friedrich–Alexander University, 90154 Erlangen, Germany
Manuel T. Blau
Department of Climate System, Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
South Korea
Centre for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan 46241,
South Korea
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Cited
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments J. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023
- Pan-Greenland mapping of supraglacial rivers, lakes, and water-filled crevasses in a cool summer (2018) and a warm summer (2019) W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113781
- Supraglacial Lake Evolution over Northeast Greenland Using Deep Learning Methods K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15174360
- The effect of climate change on sources of radionuclides to the marine environment J. Gwynn et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01241-w
- Multi-annual patterns of rapidly draining supraglacial lakes in Northeast Greenland K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2601-2025
- Assessing supraglacial lake depth using ICESat-2, Sentinel-2, TanDEM-X, and in situ sonar measurements over Northeast and Southwest Greenland K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5431-2024
- An empirical algorithm to map perennial firn aquifers and ice slabs within the Greenland Ice Sheet using satellite L-band microwave radiometry J. Miller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-103-2022
- A decade of winter supraglacial lake drainage across Northeast Greenland using C-band SAR C. Dean et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-1559-2026
- Observing relationships between sediment-laden meltwater plumes, glacial runoff and a retreating terminus at Blomstrandbreen, Svalbard G. Tallentire et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2229492
- Potential of an adapting segment anything model (SAM) for automatically extracting supraglacial lakes from satellite imagery over the Greenland ice sheet M. Chai et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2554312
- Automatic Supraglacial Lake Extraction in Greenland Using Sentinel-1 SAR Images and Attention-Based U-Net D. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194998
- Enhanced subglacial discharge amplifies Petermann Ice Shelf melting when ocean thermal forcing saturates A. Prakash et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59469-9
- Characterising the ice sheet surface in Northeast Greenland using Sentinel-1 SAR data Q. Shu et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.64
- Increasing extreme melt in northeast Greenland linked to foehn winds and atmospheric rivers K. Mattingly et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37434-8
- Seasonal evolution of the supraglacial drainage network at Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, between 2016 and 2020 L. Rawlins et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4729-2023
- Comparison of surface energy balance and melt characteristics between debris-covered and debris-free zones on Qingbingtan Glacier No. 72, Mt. Tomor of Tien Shan J. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-025-07902-6
- Episodic Subglacial Drainage Cascades Below the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream J. Andersen et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103240
- Extreme summer temperature anomalies over Greenland largely result from clear-sky radiation and circulation anomalies M. Blau et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01549-7
- The system of atmosphere, land, ice and ocean in the region near the 79N Glacier in northeast Greenland: synthesis and key findings from the Greenland Ice Sheet–Ocean Interaction (GROCE) experiment T. Kanzow et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1789-2025
- A comparison of supraglacial meltwater features throughout contrasting melt seasons: southwest Greenland E. Glen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1047-2025
- Modeling cloud properties over the 79 N Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden, NE Greenland) for an intense summer melt period in 2019 M. Andernach et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4374
- Annual trajectory of global glacial lake variations and the interactions with glacier mass balance during 2013–2022 L. Ke et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108280
- Contrasting Atmospheric Drivers of Greenland’s Warm-Wet and Warm-Dry Extreme Events J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-025-5595-y
- Glacial lake mapping using remote sensing Geo-Foundation Model D. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104371
- Supraglacial lake evolution on Tracy and Heilprin Glaciers in northwestern Greenland from 2014 to 2021 Y. Wang & S. Sugiyama https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114006
- Analyzing spatial-temporal variability of ice motion in Northeast Greenland from 1985 to 2018 X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.972291
- Distribution and Evolution of Supraglacial Lakes in Greenland during the 2016–2018 Melt Seasons J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010055
- Recent significant subseasonal fluctuations of supraglacial lakes on Greenland monitored by passive optical satellites J. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114896
- Large interannual variability in supraglacial lakes around East Antarctica J. Arthur et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29385-3
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments J. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023
- Pan-Greenland mapping of supraglacial rivers, lakes, and water-filled crevasses in a cool summer (2018) and a warm summer (2019) W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113781
- Supraglacial Lake Evolution over Northeast Greenland Using Deep Learning Methods K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15174360
- The effect of climate change on sources of radionuclides to the marine environment J. Gwynn et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01241-w
- Multi-annual patterns of rapidly draining supraglacial lakes in Northeast Greenland K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2601-2025
- Assessing supraglacial lake depth using ICESat-2, Sentinel-2, TanDEM-X, and in situ sonar measurements over Northeast and Southwest Greenland K. Lutz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5431-2024
- An empirical algorithm to map perennial firn aquifers and ice slabs within the Greenland Ice Sheet using satellite L-band microwave radiometry J. Miller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-103-2022
- A decade of winter supraglacial lake drainage across Northeast Greenland using C-band SAR C. Dean et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-1559-2026
- Observing relationships between sediment-laden meltwater plumes, glacial runoff and a retreating terminus at Blomstrandbreen, Svalbard G. Tallentire et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2229492
- Potential of an adapting segment anything model (SAM) for automatically extracting supraglacial lakes from satellite imagery over the Greenland ice sheet M. Chai et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2554312
- Automatic Supraglacial Lake Extraction in Greenland Using Sentinel-1 SAR Images and Attention-Based U-Net D. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194998
- Enhanced subglacial discharge amplifies Petermann Ice Shelf melting when ocean thermal forcing saturates A. Prakash et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59469-9
- Characterising the ice sheet surface in Northeast Greenland using Sentinel-1 SAR data Q. Shu et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.64
- Increasing extreme melt in northeast Greenland linked to foehn winds and atmospheric rivers K. Mattingly et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37434-8
- Seasonal evolution of the supraglacial drainage network at Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, between 2016 and 2020 L. Rawlins et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4729-2023
- Comparison of surface energy balance and melt characteristics between debris-covered and debris-free zones on Qingbingtan Glacier No. 72, Mt. Tomor of Tien Shan J. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-025-07902-6
- Episodic Subglacial Drainage Cascades Below the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream J. Andersen et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103240
- Extreme summer temperature anomalies over Greenland largely result from clear-sky radiation and circulation anomalies M. Blau et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01549-7
- The system of atmosphere, land, ice and ocean in the region near the 79N Glacier in northeast Greenland: synthesis and key findings from the Greenland Ice Sheet–Ocean Interaction (GROCE) experiment T. Kanzow et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1789-2025
- A comparison of supraglacial meltwater features throughout contrasting melt seasons: southwest Greenland E. Glen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1047-2025
- Modeling cloud properties over the 79 N Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden, NE Greenland) for an intense summer melt period in 2019 M. Andernach et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4374
- Annual trajectory of global glacial lake variations and the interactions with glacier mass balance during 2013–2022 L. Ke et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108280
- Contrasting Atmospheric Drivers of Greenland’s Warm-Wet and Warm-Dry Extreme Events J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-025-5595-y
- Glacial lake mapping using remote sensing Geo-Foundation Model D. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104371
- Supraglacial lake evolution on Tracy and Heilprin Glaciers in northwestern Greenland from 2014 to 2021 Y. Wang & S. Sugiyama https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114006
- Analyzing spatial-temporal variability of ice motion in Northeast Greenland from 1985 to 2018 X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.972291
- Distribution and Evolution of Supraglacial Lakes in Greenland during the 2016–2018 Melt Seasons J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010055
- Recent significant subseasonal fluctuations of supraglacial lakes on Greenland monitored by passive optical satellites J. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114896
- Large interannual variability in supraglacial lakes around East Antarctica J. Arthur et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29385-3
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 07 Jun 2026
Short summary
We assess the climatic controls of melt lake development, melt duration, melt extent, and the spatial distribution of lakes of 79°N Glacier. There is a large interannual variability in the areal extent of the lakes and the maximum elevation of lake development, which is largely controlled by the summertime air temperatures and the snowpack thickness. Late-summer lake development can be prompted by spikes in surface mass balance. There is some evidence of inland expansion of lakes over time.
We assess the climatic controls of melt lake development, melt duration, melt extent, and the...
