The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 15, issue 5
Articles | Volume 15, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2211-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2211-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 15, issue 5
Research article
 | 
10 May 2021
Research article |  | 10 May 2021

Climate change and Northern Hemisphere lake and river ice phenology from 1931–2005

Andrew M. W. Newton and Donal J. Mullan

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Short summary
This paper investigates changes in the dates of ice freeze-up and breakup for 678 Northern Hemisphere lakes and rivers from 1931–2005. From 3510 time series, the results show that breakup dates have gradually occurred earlier through time, whilst freeze-up trends have tended to be significantly more variable. These data combined show that the number of annual open-water days has increased through time for most sites, with the magnitude of change at its largest in more recent years.
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