Articles | Volume 14, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2115-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2115-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Jun 2020
Research article |
| 30 Jun 2020
| 30 Jun 2020
Past ice sheet–seabed interactions in the northeastern Weddell Sea embayment, Antarctica
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3
0ET, UK
Robert D. Larter
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3
0ET, UK
Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3
0ET, UK
Simon H. Sørli
Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,
Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Matthias Forwick
Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway,
Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
James A. Smith
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3
0ET, UK
Lukas Wacker
ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, Schafmattstrasse 20,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
Related authors
Astrid Oetting, Emma C. Smith, Jan Erik Arndt, Boris Dorschel, Reinhard Drews, Todd A. Ehlers, Christoph Gaedicke, Coen Hofstede, Johann P. Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Astrid Lambrecht, Andreas Läufer, Christoph Mayer, Ralf Tiedemann, Frank Wilhelms, and Olaf Eisen
The Cryosphere, 16, 2051–2066, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study combines a variety of geophysical measurements in front of and beneath the Ekström Ice Shelf in order to identify and interpret geomorphological evidences of past ice sheet flow, extent and retreat.
The maximal extent of grounded ice in this region was 11 km away from the continental shelf break.
The thickness of palaeo-ice on the calving front around the LGM was estimated to be at least 305 to 320 m.
We provide essential boundary conditions for palaeo-ice-sheet models.
Kelly A. Hogan, Robert D. Larter, Alastair G. C. Graham, Robert Arthern, James D. Kirkham, Rebecca L. Totten, Tom A. Jordan, Rachel Clark, Victoria Fitzgerald, Anna K. Wåhlin, John B. Anderson, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Frank O. Nitsche, Lauren Simkins, James A. Smith, Karsten Gohl, Jan Erik Arndt, Jongkuk Hong, and Julia Wellner
The Cryosphere, 14, 2883–2908, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2883-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2883-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The sea-floor geometry around the rapidly changing Thwaites Glacier is a key control on warm ocean waters reaching the ice shelf and grounding zone beyond. This area was previously unsurveyed due to icebergs and sea-ice cover. The International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration mapped this area for the first time in 2019. The data reveal troughs over 1200 m deep and, as this region is thought to have only ungrounded recently, provide key insights into the morphology beneath the grounded ice sheet.
Dominic A. Hodgson, Kelly Hogan, James M. Smith, James A. Smith, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Alastair G. C. Graham, Peter Fretwell, Claire Allen, Vicky Peck, Jan-Erik Arndt, Boris Dorschel, Christian Hübscher, Andrew M. Smith, and Robert Larter
The Cryosphere, 12, 2383–2399, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2383-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2383-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the Coats Land ice margin, Antarctica, providing a multi-disciplinary geophysical assessment of the ice sheet configuration through its last advance and retreat; a description of the physical constraints on the stability of the past and present ice and future margin based on its submarine geomorphology and ice-sheet geometry; and evidence that once detached from the bed, the ice shelves in this region were predisposed to rapid retreat back to coastal grounding lines.
Jan Erik Arndt, Robert D. Larter, Peter Friedl, Karsten Gohl, Kathrin Höppner, and the Science Team of Expedition PS104
The Cryosphere, 12, 2039–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2039-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2039-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The calving line location of the Pine Island Glacier did not show any trend within the last 70 years until calving in 2015 led to unprecedented retreat. In February 2017 we accessed this previously ice-shelf-covered area with RV Polarstern and mapped the sea-floor topography for the first time. Satellite imagery of the last decades show how the newly mapped shoals affected the ice shelf development and highlights that sea-floor topography is an important factor in initiating calving events.
Janin Schaffer, Ralph Timmermann, Jan Erik Arndt, Steen Savstrup Kristensen, Christoph Mayer, Mathieu Morlighem, and Daniel Steinhage
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 543–557, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-543-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-543-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The RTopo-2 data set provides consistent maps of global ocean bathymetry and ice surface topographies for Greenland and Antarctica at 30 arcsec grid spacing. We corrected data from earlier products in the areas of Petermann, Hagen Bræ, and Helheim glaciers, incorporated original data for the floating ice tongue of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier, and applied corrections for the geometry of Getz, Abbot, and Fimbul ice shelf cavities. The data set is available from the PANGAEA database.
B. Dorschel, J. Gutt, D. Piepenburg, M. Schröder, and J. E. Arndt
Biogeosciences, 11, 3797–3817, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3797-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3797-2014, 2014
Benoit S. Lecavalier, Lev Tarasov, Greg Balco, Perry Spector, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Christo Buizert, Catherine Ritz, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Robert Mulvaney, Pippa L. Whitehouse, Michael J. Bentley, and Jonathan Bamber
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3573–3596, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3573-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3573-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Antarctic Ice Sheet Evolution constraint database version 2 (AntICE2) consists of a large variety of observations that constrain the evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet over the last glacial cycle. This includes observations of past ice sheet extent, past ice thickness, past relative sea level, borehole temperature profiles, and present-day bedrock displacement rates. The database is intended to improve our understanding of past Antarctic changes and for ice sheet model calibrations.
Kelly A. Hogan, Katarzyna L. P. Warburton, Alastair G. C. Graham, Jerome A. Neufeld, Duncan R. Hewitt, Julian A. Dowdeswell, and Robert D. Larter
The Cryosphere, 17, 2645–2664, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2645-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2645-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Delicate sea floor ridges – corrugation ridges – that form by tidal motion at Antarctic grounding lines record extremely fast retreat of ice streams in the past. Here we use a mathematical model, constrained by real-world observations from Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, to explore how corrugation ridges form. We identify
till extrusion, whereby deformable sediment is squeezed out from under the ice like toothpaste as it settles down at each low-tide position, as the most likely process.
Kevin Zoller, Jan Sverre Laberg, Tom Arne Rydningen, Katrine Husum, and Matthias Forwick
Clim. Past, 19, 1321–1343, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1321-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1321-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Marine geologic data from NE Greenland provide new information about the behavior of the Greenland Ice Sheet from the last glacial period to present. Seafloor landforms suggest that a large, fast-flowing ice stream moved south through southern Dove Bugt. This region is believed to have been deglaciated from at least 11.4 ka cal BP. Ice in an adjacent fjord, Bessel Fjord, may have retreated to its modern position by 7.1 ka cal BP, and the ice halted or readvanced multiple times upon deglaciation.
Allison P. Lepp, Lauren E. Miller, John B. Anderson, Matt O'Regan, Monica C. M. Winsborrow, James A. Smith, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Julia S. Wellner, Lindsay O. Prothro, and Evgeny A. Podolskiy
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-70, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-70, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for TC
Short summary
Short summary
Shape and surface textures of silt-sized sediments are measured to connect marine sediment records with subglacial water flow. We find grain-shape alteration is greatest for glaciers in temperate settings and for which high-energy drainage events are implied, and that the surfaces of silt-sized sediments preserve evidence of glacial transport. Our results suggest grain shape and texture may reveal whether glaciers previously experienced temperate conditions with more abundant meltwater.
Michael J. Bentley, James A. Smith, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Margaret R. Lindeman, Brice R. Rea, Angelika Humbert, Timothy P. Lane, Christopher M. Darvill, Jeremy M. Lloyd, Fiamma Straneo, Veit Helm, and David H. Roberts
The Cryosphere, 17, 1821–1837, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1821-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1821-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Northeast Greenland Ice Stream is a major outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Some of its outlet glaciers and ice shelves have been breaking up and retreating, with inflows of warm ocean water identified as the likely reason. Here we report direct measurements of warm ocean water in an unusual lake that is connected to the ocean beneath the ice shelf in front of the 79° N Glacier. This glacier has not yet shown much retreat, but the presence of warm water makes future retreat more likely.
James W. Marschalek, Edward Gasson, Tina van de Flierdt, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Martin J. Siegert, and Liam Holder
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-8, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-8, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Ice sheet models can help predict how Antarctica’s ice sheets respond to environmental change; such models benefit from comparison to geological data. Here, we use ice sheet model results, plus other data, to predict the erosion of Antarctic debris and trace its transport to where it is deposited on the ocean floor. This allows the results of ice sheet modelling to be directly and quantitively compared to real-world data, helping to reduce uncertainty regarding Antarctic sea level contribution.
James A. Smith, Louise Callard, Michael J. Bentley, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Maria Luisa Sánchez-Montes, Timothy P. Lane, Jeremy M. Lloyd, Erin L. McClymont, Christopher M. Darvill, Brice R. Rea, Colm O'Cofaigh, Pauline Gulliver, Werner Ehrmann, Richard S. Jones, and David H. Roberts
The Cryosphere, 17, 1247–1270, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at an accelerating rate. To understand the significance of these changes we reconstruct the history of one of its fringing ice shelves, known as 79° N ice shelf. We show that the ice shelf disappeared 8500 years ago, following a period of enhanced warming. An important implication of our study is that 79° N ice shelf is susceptible to collapse when atmospheric and ocean temperatures are ~2°C warmer than present, which could occur by the middle of this century.
Paul R. Holland, Gemma K. O'Connor, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Pierre Dutrieux, Kaitlin A. Naughten, Eric J. Steig, David P. Schneider, Adrian Jenkins, and James A. Smith
The Cryosphere, 16, 5085–5105, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-5085-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-5085-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Antarctic Ice Sheet is losing ice, causing sea-level rise. However, it is not known whether human-induced climate change has contributed to this ice loss. In this study, we use evidence from climate models and palaeoclimate measurements (e.g. ice cores) to suggest that the ice loss was triggered by natural climate variations but is now sustained by human-forced climate change. This implies that future greenhouse-gas emissions may influence sea-level rise from Antarctica.
Astrid Oetting, Emma C. Smith, Jan Erik Arndt, Boris Dorschel, Reinhard Drews, Todd A. Ehlers, Christoph Gaedicke, Coen Hofstede, Johann P. Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Astrid Lambrecht, Andreas Läufer, Christoph Mayer, Ralf Tiedemann, Frank Wilhelms, and Olaf Eisen
The Cryosphere, 16, 2051–2066, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study combines a variety of geophysical measurements in front of and beneath the Ekström Ice Shelf in order to identify and interpret geomorphological evidences of past ice sheet flow, extent and retreat.
The maximal extent of grounded ice in this region was 11 km away from the continental shelf break.
The thickness of palaeo-ice on the calving front around the LGM was estimated to be at least 305 to 320 m.
We provide essential boundary conditions for palaeo-ice-sheet models.
Matthew Chadwick, Claire S. Allen, Louise C. Sime, Xavier Crosta, and Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
Clim. Past, 18, 129–146, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-129-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-129-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Algae preserved in marine sediments have allowed us to reconstruct how much winter sea ice was present around Antarctica during a past time period (130 000 years ago) when the climate was warmer than today. The patterns of sea-ice increase and decrease vary between different parts of the Southern Ocean. The Pacific sector has a largely stable sea-ice extent, whereas the amount of sea ice in the Atlantic sector is much more variable with bigger decreases and increases than other regions.
Nele Lamping, Juliane Müller, Jens Hefter, Gesine Mollenhauer, Christian Haas, Xiaoxu Shi, Maria-Elena Vorrath, Gerrit Lohmann, and Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
Clim. Past, 17, 2305–2326, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2305-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2305-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We analysed biomarker concentrations on surface sediment samples from the Antarctic continental margin. Highly branched isoprenoids and GDGTs are used for reconstructing recent sea-ice distribution patterns and ocean temperatures respectively. We compared our biomarker-based results with data obtained from satellite observations and estimated from a numerical model and find reasonable agreements. Further, we address caveats and provide recommendations for future investigations.
Caroline Welte, Jens Fohlmeister, Melina Wertnik, Lukas Wacker, Bodo Hattendorf, Timothy I. Eglinton, and Christoph Spötl
Clim. Past, 17, 2165–2177, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2165-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2165-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Stalagmites are valuable climate archives, but unlike other proxies the use of stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) is still difficult. A stalagmite from the Austrian Alps was analyzed using a new laser ablation method for fast radiocarbon (14C) analysis. This allowed 14C and δ13C to be combined, showing that besides soil and bedrock a third source is contributing during periods of warm, wet climate: old organic matter.
Franziska Slotta, Lukas Wacker, Frank Riedel, Karl-Uwe Heußner, Kai Hartmann, and Gerhard Helle
Biogeosciences, 18, 3539–3564, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The African baobab is a challenging climate and environmental archive for its semi-arid habitat due to dating uncertainties and parenchyma-rich wood anatomy. Annually resolved F14C data of tree-ring cellulose (1941–2005) from a tree in Oman show the annual character of the baobab’s growth rings but were up to 8.8 % lower than expected for 1964–1967. Subseasonal δ13C and δ18O patterns reveal years with low average monsoon rain as well as heavy rainfall events from pre-monsoonal cyclones.
Charlotte L. Spencer-Jones, Erin L. McClymont, Nicole J. Bale, Ellen C. Hopmans, Stefan Schouten, Juliane Müller, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Claire Allen, Torsten Bickert, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Elaine Mawbey, Victoria Peck, Aleksandra Svalova, and James A. Smith
Biogeosciences, 18, 3485–3504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term ocean temperature records are needed to fully understand the impact of West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are powerful tools for reconstructing ocean temperature but can be difficult to apply to the Southern Ocean. Our results show active GDGT synthesis in relatively warm depths of the ocean. This research improves the application of GDGT palaeoceanographic proxies in the Southern Ocean.
Ove H. Meisel, Joshua F. Dean, Jorien E. Vonk, Lukas Wacker, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Han Dolman
Biogeosciences, 18, 2241–2258, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost lakes form thaw bulbs of unfrozen soil (taliks) beneath them where carbon degradation and greenhouse gas production are increased. We analyzed the stable carbon isotopes of Alaskan talik sediments and their porewater dissolved organic carbon and found that the top layers of these taliks are likely more actively degraded than the deeper layers. This in turn implies that these top layers are likely also more potent greenhouse gas producers than the underlying deeper layers.
Chris S. M. Turney, Richard T. Jones, Nicholas P. McKay, Erik van Sebille, Zoë A. Thomas, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, and Christopher J. Fogwill
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3341–3356, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Last Interglacial (129–116 ka) experienced global temperatures and sea levels higher than today. The direct contribution of warmer conditions to global sea level (thermosteric) are uncertain. We report a global network of sea surface temperatures. We find mean global annual temperature anomalies of 0.2 ± 0.1˚C and an early maximum peak of 0.9 ± 0.1˚C. Our reconstruction suggests warmer waters contributed on average 0.08 ± 0.1 m and a peak contribution of 0.39 ± 0.1 m to global sea level.
Ingrid Leirvik Olsen, Tom Arne Rydningen, Matthias Forwick, Jan Sverre Laberg, and Katrine Husum
The Cryosphere, 14, 4475–4494, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4475-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4475-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present marine geoscientific data from Store Koldewey Trough, one of the largest glacial troughs offshore NE Greenland, to reconstruct the ice drainage pathways, ice sheet extent and ice stream dynamics of this sector during the last glacial and deglaciation. The complex landform assemblage in the trough reflects a dynamic retreat with several periods of stabilization and readvances, interrupting the deglaciation. Estimates indicate that the ice front locally retreated between 80–400 m/year.
Tom A. Jordan, David Porter, Kirsty Tinto, Romain Millan, Atsuhiro Muto, Kelly Hogan, Robert D. Larter, Alastair G. C. Graham, and John D. Paden
The Cryosphere, 14, 2869–2882, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2869-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2869-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Linking ocean and ice sheet processes allows prediction of sea level change. Ice shelves form a floating buffer between the ice–ocean systems, but the water depth beneath is often a mystery, leaving a critical blind spot in our understanding of how these systems interact. Here, we use airborne measurements of gravity to reveal the bathymetry under the ice shelves flanking the rapidly changing Thwaites Glacier and adjacent glacier systems, providing new insights and data for future models.
Kelly A. Hogan, Robert D. Larter, Alastair G. C. Graham, Robert Arthern, James D. Kirkham, Rebecca L. Totten, Tom A. Jordan, Rachel Clark, Victoria Fitzgerald, Anna K. Wåhlin, John B. Anderson, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Frank O. Nitsche, Lauren Simkins, James A. Smith, Karsten Gohl, Jan Erik Arndt, Jongkuk Hong, and Julia Wellner
The Cryosphere, 14, 2883–2908, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2883-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2883-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The sea-floor geometry around the rapidly changing Thwaites Glacier is a key control on warm ocean waters reaching the ice shelf and grounding zone beyond. This area was previously unsurveyed due to icebergs and sea-ice cover. The International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration mapped this area for the first time in 2019. The data reveal troughs over 1200 m deep and, as this region is thought to have only ungrounded recently, provide key insights into the morphology beneath the grounded ice sheet.
Lisa Claire Orme, Xavier Crosta, Arto Miettinen, Dmitry V. Divine, Katrine Husum, Elisabeth Isaksson, Lukas Wacker, Rahul Mohan, Olivier Ther, and Minoru Ikehara
Clim. Past, 16, 1451–1467, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1451-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A record of past sea temperature in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, spanning the last 14 200 years, has been developed by analysis of fossil diatoms in marine sediment. During the late deglaciation the reconstructed temperature changes were highly similar to those over Antarctica, most likely due to a reorganisation of global ocean and atmospheric circulation. During the last 11 600 years temperatures gradually cooled and became increasingly variable.
Katrine Elnegaard Hansen, Jacques Giraudeau, Lukas Wacker, Christof Pearce, and Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
Clim. Past, 16, 1075–1095, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1075-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1075-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting, which was trained to predict continuous precipitation intensities at a lead time of 5 min. RainNet significantly outperformed the benchmark models at all lead times up to 60 min. Yet an undesirable property of RainNet predictions is the level of spatial smoothing. Obviously, RainNet learned an optimal level of smoothing to produce a nowcast at 5 min lead time.
Gabriel West, Darrell S. Kaufman, Francesco Muschitiello, Matthias Forwick, Jens Matthiessen, Jutta Wollenburg, and Matt O'Regan
Geochronology, 1, 53–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-53-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-53-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We report amino acid racemization analyses of foraminifera from well-dated sediment cores from the Yermak Plateau, Arctic Ocean. Sample ages are compared with model predictions, revealing that the rates of racemization generally conform to a global compilation of racemization rates at deep-sea sites. These results highlight the need for further studies to test and explain the origin of the purportedly high rate of racemization indicated by previous analyses of central Arctic sediments.
James D. Kirkham, Kelly A. Hogan, Robert D. Larter, Neil S. Arnold, Frank O. Nitsche, Nicholas R. Golledge, and Julian A. Dowdeswell
The Cryosphere, 13, 1959–1981, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1959-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1959-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A series of huge (500 m wide, 50 m deep) channels were eroded by water flowing beneath Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers in the past. The channels are similar to canyon systems produced by floods of meltwater released beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet millions of years ago. The spatial extent of the channels formed beneath Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers demonstrates significant quantities of water, possibly discharged from trapped subglacial lakes, flowed beneath these glaciers in the past.
Robert D. Larter, Kelly A. Hogan, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Christine L. Batchelor, Matthieu Cartigny, Alex J. Tate, James D. Kirkham, Zoë A. Roseby, Gerhard Kuhn, Alastair G. C. Graham, and Julian A. Dowdeswell
The Cryosphere, 13, 1583–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1583-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1583-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present high-resolution bathymetry data that provide the most complete and detailed imagery of any Antarctic palaeo-ice stream bed. These data show how subglacial water was delivered to and influenced the dynamic behaviour of the ice stream. Our observations provide insights relevant to understanding the behaviour of modern ice streams and forecasting the contributions that they will make to future sea level rise.
Dominic A. Hodgson, Kelly Hogan, James M. Smith, James A. Smith, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Alastair G. C. Graham, Peter Fretwell, Claire Allen, Vicky Peck, Jan-Erik Arndt, Boris Dorschel, Christian Hübscher, Andrew M. Smith, and Robert Larter
The Cryosphere, 12, 2383–2399, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2383-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2383-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the Coats Land ice margin, Antarctica, providing a multi-disciplinary geophysical assessment of the ice sheet configuration through its last advance and retreat; a description of the physical constraints on the stability of the past and present ice and future margin based on its submarine geomorphology and ice-sheet geometry; and evidence that once detached from the bed, the ice shelves in this region were predisposed to rapid retreat back to coastal grounding lines.
Jan Erik Arndt, Robert D. Larter, Peter Friedl, Karsten Gohl, Kathrin Höppner, and the Science Team of Expedition PS104
The Cryosphere, 12, 2039–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2039-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2039-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The calving line location of the Pine Island Glacier did not show any trend within the last 70 years until calving in 2015 led to unprecedented retreat. In February 2017 we accessed this previously ice-shelf-covered area with RV Polarstern and mapped the sea-floor topography for the first time. Satellite imagery of the last decades show how the newly mapped shoals affected the ice shelf development and highlights that sea-floor topography is an important factor in initiating calving events.
Bryan C. Lougheed, Brett Metcalfe, Ulysses S. Ninnemann, and Lukas Wacker
Clim. Past, 14, 515–526, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-515-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-515-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Palaeoclimate reconstructions from deep-sea sediment archives provide valuable insight into past rapid climate change, but only a small proportion of the ocean is suitable for such reconstructions using the existing state of the art, i.e. the age–depth approach. We use dual radiocarbon (14C) and stable isotope analysis on single foraminifera to bypass the long-standing age–depth approach, thus facilitating past ocean chemistry reconstructions from vast, previously untapped ocean areas.
Liviu Giosan, Camilo Ponton, Muhammed Usman, Jerzy Blusztajn, Dorian Q. Fuller, Valier Galy, Negar Haghipour, Joel E. Johnson, Cameron McIntyre, Lukas Wacker, and Timothy I. Eglinton
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 781–789, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-781-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-781-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
A reconstruction of erosion in the core monsoon zone of India provides unintuitive but fundamental insights: in contrast to semiarid regions that experience enhanced erosion during erratic rain events, the monsoon is annual and acts as a veritable
erosional pumpaccelerating when the land cover is minimal. The existence of such a monsoon erosional pump promises to reconcile conflicting views on the land–sea sediment and carbon transfer as well as the monsoon evolution on longer timescales.
Ulrike Dusek, Regina Hitzenberger, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Magdalena Kistler, Harro A. J. Meijer, Sönke Szidat, Lukas Wacker, Rupert Holzinger, and Thomas Röckmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3233–3251, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3233-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3233-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of the radioactive carbon isotope 14C allow to identify the sources of aerosol carbon. We report an extensive 14C source apportionment record in the Netherlands with samples covering a whole year. We discovered that long-range transport has a large influence on aerosol carbon levels. Fossil fuel carbon is least influenced by long-range transport and more regional in origin. Biomass burning seems to be a minor source of aerosol carbon in the Netherlands.
Janin Schaffer, Ralph Timmermann, Jan Erik Arndt, Steen Savstrup Kristensen, Christoph Mayer, Mathieu Morlighem, and Daniel Steinhage
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 543–557, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-543-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-543-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The RTopo-2 data set provides consistent maps of global ocean bathymetry and ice surface topographies for Greenland and Antarctica at 30 arcsec grid spacing. We corrected data from earlier products in the areas of Petermann, Hagen Bræ, and Helheim glaciers, incorporated original data for the floating ice tongue of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier, and applied corrections for the geometry of Getz, Abbot, and Fimbul ice shelf cavities. The data set is available from the PANGAEA database.
C. Lavoie, E. W. Domack, E. C. Pettit, T. A. Scambos, R. D. Larter, H.-W. Schenke, K. C. Yoo, J. Gutt, J. Wellner, M. Canals, J. B. Anderson, and D. Amblas
The Cryosphere, 9, 613–629, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-613-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-613-2015, 2015
M. Łącka, M. Zajączkowski, M. Forwick, and W. Szczuciński
Clim. Past, 11, 587–603, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-587-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-587-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Storfjordrenna was deglaciated about 13,950 cal yr BP. During the transition from the sub-glacial to glaciomarine setting, Arctic Waters dominated its hydrography. However, the waters were not uniformly cold and experienced several warmer spells. Atlantic Water began to flow onto the shelves off Svalbard and into Storfjorden during the early Holocene, leading to progressive warming and significant glacial melting. A surface-water cooling and freshening occurred in late Holocene.
B. Dorschel, J. Gutt, D. Piepenburg, M. Schröder, and J. E. Arndt
Biogeosciences, 11, 3797–3817, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3797-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3797-2014, 2014
F. O. Nitsche, K. Gohl, R. D. Larter, C.-D. Hillenbrand, G. Kuhn, J. A. Smith, S. Jacobs, J. B. Anderson, and M. Jakobsson
The Cryosphere, 7, 249–262, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-249-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-249-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Alley, R. B., Blankenship, D. D., Bentley, C. R., and Rooney, S. T.:
Deformation of till beneath ice stream B, West Antarctica, Nature, 322,
57–59, https://doi.org/10.1038/322057a0, 1986.
Alley, R. B., Blankenship, D. D., Rooney, S. T., and Bentley, C. R.:
Sedimentation beneath ice shelves – the view from ice stream B, Mar.
Geol., 85, 101–120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90150-3, 1989.
Anderson, J. B. and Andrews, J. T.: Radiocarbon constraints on ice sheet
advance and retreat in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Geology, 27, 179–182,
https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0179:RCOISA>2.3.CO;2, 1999.
Anderson, J. B., Kurtz, D. D., Domack, E. W., and Balshaw, K. M.: Glacial
and Glacial Marine Sediments of the Antarctic Continental Shelf, J.
Geol., 88, 399–414, https://doi.org/10.1086/628524, 1980.
Anderson, J. B., Davis, S. B., Domack, E., Kurtz, D. D., Balshaw, K. M., and
Wright, R.: Marine Sediment Core Descriptions: IWSOE 68, 69, 70, Deep Freeze
79, Department of Geology, Rice University, Houston, USA, 1981.
Arndt, J. E.: Marine geomorphological record of Ice Sheet development in
East Greenland since the Last Glacial Maximum, J. Quatern.
Sci., 33, 853–864, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3065, 2018.
Arndt, J. E. and Larter, R. D.:
Swath Bathymetry compilation offshore Brunt Ice Shelf, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907173,
2019.
Arndt, J. E. and Kuhn, G.: Profile of sediment echo sounding during POLARSTERN cruise PS96 (ANT-XXXI/2 FROSN) with links to ParaSound data files, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.860442, 2016.
Arndt, J. E. and Niessen, F.: Profile of sediment echo sounding during POLARSTERN cruise PS111 with links to ParaSound data files, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.897301, 2019.
Arndt, J. E., Schenke, H. W., Jakobsson, M., Nitsche, F. O., Buys, G.,
Goleby, B., Rebesco, M., Bohoyo, F., Hong, J.-K., Black, J., Greku, R.,
Udintsev, G., Barrios, F., Reynoso-Peralta, W., Taisei, M., and Wigley, R.:
The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) Version
1.0 – A new bathymetric compilation covering circum-Antarctic waters,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 3111–3117, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50413, 2013.
Arndt, J. E., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Grobe, H., Kuhn, G., and Wacker, L.:
Evidence for a dynamic grounding line in outer Filchner Trough, Antarctica,
until the early Holocene, Geology, 45, 1035–1038, https://doi.org/10.1130/G39398.1, 2017.
Barnes, D. K. A. and Hillenbrand, C. D.: Faunal evidence for a late
quaternary trans-Antarctic seaway, Glob. Change Biol., 16, 3297–3303,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02198.x, 2010.
Batchelor, C. L. and Dowdeswell, J. A.: Ice-sheet grounding-zone wedges
(GZWs) on high-latitude continental margins, Mar. Geol.,
363, 65–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2015.02.001, 2015.
Batchelor, C. L. and Dowdeswell, J. A.: Lateral shear-moraines and lateral
marginal-moraines of palaeo-ice streams, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 151,
1–26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.020, 2016.
Bentley, M. J., Fogwill, C. J., Le Brocq, A. M., Hubbard, A. L., Sugden, D.
E., Dunai, T. J., and Freeman, S. P. H. T.: Deglacial history of the West
Antarctic Ice Sheet in the Weddell Sea embayment: Constraints on past ice
volume change, Geology, 38, 411–414, https://doi.org/10.1130/g30754.1, 2010.
Bjarnadóttir, L. R., Ottesen, D., Dowdeswell, J. A., and Bugge, T.:
Unusual iceberg ploughmarks on the Norwegian continental shelf, Geological
Society, London, Memoirs, 46, 283–284, https://doi.org/10.1144/m46.126, 2016.
Caress, D. W. and Chayes, D. N.: Improved processing of Hydrosweep DS
multibeam data on the R/V Maurice Ewing, Mar. Geophys. Res., 18,
631–650, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00313878, 1996.
Caress, D. W., Chayes, D. N., and dos Santos Ferreira, C.: MBSystem: Mapping
the Seafloor, available at:
https://www.mbari.org/products/research-software/mb-system (last access: 16 June 2020), 2019.
Clark, C. D.: Mega-scale glacial lineations and cross-cutting ice-flow
landforms, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 18, 1–29, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290180102, 1993.
Damaske, D. and Kuhn, G.: Profile of sediment echo sounding during POLARSTERN cruise PS82 (ANT-XXIX/9) with links to ParaSound data files, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.837893, 2014.
De Rydt, J., Gudmundsson, G. H., Nagler, T., Wuite, J., and King, E. C.: Recent rift formation and impact on the structural integrity of the Brunt Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 12, 505–520, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-505-2018, 2018.
Fretwell, P., Pritchard, H. D., Vaughan, D. G., Bamber, J. L., Barrand, N. E., Bell, R., Bianchi, C., Bingham, R. G., Blankenship, D. D., Casassa, G., Catania, G., Callens, D., Conway, H., Cook, A. J., Corr, H. F. J., Damaske, D., Damm, V., Ferraccioli, F., Forsberg, R., Fujita, S., Gim, Y., Gogineni, P., Griggs, J. A., Hindmarsh, R. C. A., Holmlund, P., Holt, J. W., Jacobel, R. W., Jenkins, A., Jokat, W., Jordan, T., King, E. C., Kohler, J., Krabill, W., Riger-Kusk, M., Langley, K. A., Leitchenkov, G., Leuschen, C., Luyendyk, B. P., Matsuoka, K., Mouginot, J., Nitsche, F. O., Nogi, Y., Nost, O. A., Popov, S. V., Rignot, E., Rippin, D. M., Rivera, A., Roberts, J., Ross, N., Siegert, M. J., Smith, A. M., Steinhage, D., Studinger, M., Sun, B., Tinto, B. K., Welch, B. C., Wilson, D., Young, D. A., Xiangbin, C., and Zirizzotti, A.: Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 7, 375–393, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-375-2013, 2013.
Gales, J. A., Leat, P. T., Larter, R. D., Kuhn, G., Hillenbrand, C. D.,
Graham, A. G. C., Mitchell, N. C., Tate, A. J., Buys, G. B., and Jokat, W.:
Large-scale submarine landslides, channel and gully systems on the southern
Weddell Sea margin, Antarctica, Mar. Geol., 348, 73–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.12.002, 2014.
Gales, J. A., Larter, R. D., and Leat, P. T.: Iceberg ploughmarks and
associated sediment ridges on the southern Weddell Sea margin, Geol.
Soc. Memoirs, 46, 289–290, https://doi.org/10.1144/m46.11, 2016.
Greenwood, S. L., Simkins, L. M., Halberstadt, A. R. W., Prothro, L. O., and
Anderson, J. B.: Holocene reconfiguration and readvance of the East
Antarctic Ice Sheet, Nat. Commun., 9, 3176, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05625-3, 2018.
Gudmundsson, G. H., De Rydt, J. A. N., and Nagler, T.: Five decades of
strong temporal variability in the flow of Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica,
J. Glaciol., 63, 164–175, https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.132, 2016.
Hein, A. S., Fogwill, C. J., Sugden, D. E., and Xu, S.: Glacial/interglacial
ice-stream stability in the Weddell Sea embayment, Antarctica, Earth
Planet. Sc. Lett., 307, 211–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.037, 2011.
Hillenbrand, C.-D., Melles, M., Kuhn, G., and Larter, R. D.: Marine
geological constraints for the grounding-line position of the Antarctic Ice
Sheet on the southern Weddell Sea shelf at the Last Glacial Maximum,
Quaternary Sci. Rev., 32, 25–47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.017,
2012.
Hillenbrand, C.-D., Kuhn, G., Smith, J. A., Gohl, K., Graham, A. G. C.,
Larter, R. D., Klages, J. P., Downey, R., Moreton, S. G., Forwick, M., and
Vaughan, D. G.: Grounding-line retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet from
inner Pine Island Bay, Geology, 41, 35–38, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33469.1, 2013.
Hillenbrand, C.-D., Bentley, M. J., Stolldorf, T. D., Hein, A. S., Kuhn, G.,
Graham, A. G. C., Fogwill, C. J., Kristoffersen, Y., Smith, J. A., Anderson,
J. B., Larter, R. D., Melles, M., Hodgson, D. A., Mulvaney, R., and Sugden,
D. E.: Reconstruction of changes in the Weddell Sea sector of the Antarctic
Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 100,
111–136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.07.020, 2014.
Hodgson, D. A., Hogan, K., Smith, J. M., Smith, J. A., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Graham, A. G. C., Fretwell, P., Allen, C., Peck, V., Arndt, J.-E., Dorschel, B., Hübscher, C., Smith, A. M., and Larter, R.: Deglaciation and future stability of the Coats Land ice margin, Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 12, 2383–2399, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2383-2018, 2018.
Hodgson, D. A., Jordan, T. A., De Rydt, J., Fretwell, P. T., Seddon, S. A., Becker, D., Hogan, K. A., Smith, A. M., and Vaughan, D. G.: Past and future dynamics of the Brunt Ice Shelf from seabed bathymetry and ice shelf geometry, The Cryosphere, 13, 545–556, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-545-2019, 2019.
Hulbe, C. L., Johnston, R., Joughin, I., and Scambos, T.: Marine Ice
Modification of Fringing Ice Shelf Flow, 3, BIO ONE, 323–330, 328 pp., 2005.
Jakobsson, M., Anderson, J. B., Nitsche, F. O., Dowdeswell, J. A.,
Gyllencreutz, R., Kirchner, N., Mohammad, R., O'Regan, M., Alley, R. B.,
Anandakrishnan, S., Eriksson, B., Kirshner, A., Fernandez, R., Stolldorf,
T., Minzoni, R., and Majewski, W.: Geological record of ice shelf break-up
and grounding line retreat, Pine Island Bay, West Antarctica, Geology, 39,
691–694, https://doi.org/10.1130/G32153.1, 2011.
Jordan, T. A. and Becker, D.: Investigating the distribution of magmatism
at the onset of Gondwana breakup with novel strapdown gravity and
aeromagnetic data, Phys. Earth Planet. In., 282, 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2018.07.007, 2018.
King, E. C., Hindmarsh, R. C. A., and Stokes, C. R.: Formation of mega-scale
glacial lineations observed beneath a West Antarctic ice stream, Nat.
Geosci., 2, 585–588, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo581, 2009.
King, E. C., De Rydt, J., and Gudmundsson, G. H.: The internal structure of the Brunt Ice Shelf from ice-penetrating radar analysis and implications for ice shelf fracture, The Cryosphere, 12, 3361–3372, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3361-2018, 2018.
Klages, J. P., Kuhn, G., Hillenbrand, C. D., Graham, A. G. C., Smith, J. A.,
Larter, R. D., and Gohl, K.: First geomorphological record and glacial
history of an inter-ice stream ridge on the West Antarctic continental
shelf, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 61, 47–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.007, 2013.
Klages, J. P., Kuhn, G., Graham, A. G. C., Hillenbrand, C. D., Smith, J. A.,
Nitsche, F. O., Larter, R. D., and Gohl, K.: Palaeo-ice stream pathways and
retreat style in the easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment, West Antarctica,
revealed by combined multibeam bathymetric and seismic data, Geomorphology,
245, 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.020, 2015.
Larter, R. D., Graham, A. G. C., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Smith, J. A., and
Gales, J. A.: Late Quaternary grounded ice extent in the Filchner Trough,
Weddell Sea, Antarctica: new marine geophysical evidence, Quaternary Sci.
Rev., 53, 111–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.006, 2012.
Larter, R. D., Hogan, K. A., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Smith, J. A., Batchelor, C. L., Cartigny, M., Tate, A. J., Kirkham, J. D., Roseby, Z. A., Kuhn, G., Graham, A. G. C., and Dowdeswell, J. A.: Subglacial hydrological control on flow of an Antarctic Peninsula palaeo-ice stream, The Cryosphere, 13, 1583–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1583-2019, 2019.
Lawver, L., Lee, J., Kim, Y., and Davey, F.: Flat-topped mounds in western
Ross Sea: Carbonate mounds or subglacial volcanic features?, Geosphere, 8,
645–653, https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00766.1, 2012.
Lewis, C. F. M., Todd, B. J., Sonnichsen, G. V., and King, T.:
Iceberg–seabed interaction on northwestern Makkovik Bank, Labrador Shelf,
Canada, Geol. Soc. Memoirs, 46, 279–280, https://doi.org/10.1144/m46.95,
2016.
Lien, R., Solheim, A., Elverhøi, A., and Rokoengen, K.: Iceberg scouring
and sea bed morphology on the eastern Weddell Sea shelf, Antarctica, Polar
Res., 7, 43–57, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.1989.tb00603.x, 1989.
Livingstone, S. J., Ó Cofaigh, C., Stokes, C. R., Hillenbrand, C.-D.,
Vieli, A., and Jamieson, S. S. R.: Antarctic palaeo-ice streams,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 111, 90–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.10.003, 2012.
Mouginot, J., Rignot, E., Scheuchl, B., and Millan, R.: Comprehensive Annual
Ice Sheet Velocity Mapping Using Landsat-8, Sentinel-1, and RADARSAT-2 Data,
Remote Sensing, 9, 364, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040364, 2017.
Munsell Color (Firm): Munsell Soil Color Charts with Genuine Munsell Color
Chips, Grand Rapids, MI, Munsell Color, 2010.
Nichols, K. A., Goehring, B. M., Balco, G., Johnson, J. S., Hein, A. S., and Todd, C.: New Last Glacial Maximum ice thickness constraints for the Weddell Sea Embayment, Antarctica, The Cryosphere, 13, 2935–2951, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2935-2019, 2019.
Ó Cofaigh, C., Dowdeswell, J. A., Allen, C. S., Hiemstra, J. F., Pudsey,
C. J., Evans, J., and Evans, J. A. D.: Flow dynamics and till genesis
associated with a marine-based Antarctic palaeo-ice stream, Quaternary
Sci. Rev., 24, 709–740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.006, 2005.
Ó Cofaigh, C., Dowdeswell, J. A., Evans, J., and Larter, R. D.:
Geological constraints on Antarctic palaeo-ice-stream retreat, Earth Surf.
Process. Land., 33, 513–525, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1669, 2008.
Ottesen, D. and Dowdeswell, J. A.: An inter–ice-stream glaciated margin:
Submarine landforms and a geomorphic model based on marine-geophysical data
from Svalbard, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 121, 1647–1665, https://doi.org/10.1130/b26467.1, 2009.
Piepenburg, D.: Seabed photographs taken along OFOS profiles during
POLARSTERN cruise PS96 (ANT-XXXI/2 FROSN), PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.862097,
2016.
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey,
C. B., Buck, C. E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P.
M., Guilderson, T. P., Haflidason, H., Hajdas, I., Hatté, C., Heaton, T.
J., Hoffmann, D. L., Hogg, A. G., Hughen, K. A., Kaiser, K. F., Kromer, B.,
Manning, S. W., Niu, M., Reimer, R. W., Richards, D. A., Scott, E. M.,
Southon, J. R., Staff, R. A., Turney, C. S. M., and van der Plicht, J.:
IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years cal
BP, Radiocarbon, 55, 1869–1887, https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947, 2013.
Reinardy, B. T. I., Hiemstra, J. F., Murray, T., Hillenbrand, C.-D., and
Larter, R. D.: Till genesis at the bed of an Antarctic Peninsula palaeo-ice
stream as indicated by micromorphological analysis, Boreas, 40, 498–517, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00199.x, 2011.
Rise, L., Bellec, V. K., Ottesen, D., Bøe, R., and Thorsnes, T.:
Hill–hole pairs on the Norwegian continental shelf, Geol. Soc. Memoirs, 46, 203–204, https://doi.org/10.1144/m46.42, 2016.
Stolldorf, T., Schenke, H.-W., and Anderson, J. B.: LGM ice sheet extent in
the Weddell Sea: evidence for diachronous behavior of Antarctic Ice Sheets,
Quaternary Sci. Rev., 48, 20–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.017,
2012.
Stuiver, M. and Reimer, P. J.: Extended 14C data-base and revised calib.
3.0 C-14 age calibration program, Radiocarbon, 35, 215–230, 1993.
Synal, H.-A., Stocker, M., and Suter, M.: MICADAS: A new compact radiocarbon
AMS system, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 259, 7–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.01.138, 2007.
The RAISED Consortium: Bentley, M. J., Ó Cofaigh, C., Anderson, J. B.,
Conway, H., Davies, B., Graham, A. G. C., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Hodgson, D.
A., Jamieson, S. S. R., Larter, R. D., Mackintosh, A., Smith, J. A.,
Verleyen, E., Ackert, R. P., Bart, P. J., Berg, S., Brunstein, D., Canals,
M., Colhoun, E. A., Crosta, X., Dickens, W. A., Domack, E., Dowdeswell, J.
A., Dunbar, R., Ehrmann, W., Evans, J., Favier, V., Fink, D., Fogwill, C.
J., Glasser, N. F., Gohl, K., Golledge, N. R., Goodwin, I., Gore, D. B.,
Greenwood, S. L., Hall, B. L., Hall, K., Hedding, D. W., Hein, A. S.,
Hocking, E. P., Jakobsson, M., Johnson, J. S., Jomelli, V., Jones, R. S.,
Klages, J. P., Kristoffersen, Y., Kuhn, G., Leventer, A., Licht, K., Lilly,
K., Lindow, J., Livingstone, S. J., Massé, G., McGlone, M. S., McKay, R.
M., Melles, M., Miura, H., Mulvaney, R., Nel, W., Nitsche, F. O., O'Brien,
P. E., Post, A. L., Roberts, S. J., Saunders, K. M., Selkirk, P. M., Simms,
A. R., Spiegel, C., Stolldorf, T. D., Sugden, D. E., van der Putten, N., van
Ommen, T., Verfaillie, D., Vyverman, W., Wagner, B., White, D. A., Witus, A.
E., and Zwartz, D.: A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic
Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum, Quaternary Sci.
Rev., 100, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.025, 2014.
Thomas, R. H.: The dynamics of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Coats Land, Antarctica, British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports,
British Antarctic Survey, London, 79, 45 pp., 1973.
Wacker, L., Bonani, G., Friedrich, M., Hajdas, I., Kromer, B., Němec,
M., Ruff, M., Suter, M., Synal, H. A., and Vockenhuber, C.: MICADAS: Routine
and High-Precision Radiocarbon Dating, Radiocarbon, 52, 252–262, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200045288, 2010.
Wise, M. G., Dowdeswell, J. A., Jakobsson, M., and Larter, R. D.: Evidence
of marine ice-cliff instability in Pine Island Bay from iceberg-keel plough
marks, Nature, 550, 506–510, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24458, 2017.
Short summary
We interpret landforms on the seabed and investigate sediment cores to improve our understanding of the past ice sheet development in this poorly understood part of Antarctica. Recent crack development of the Brunt ice shelf has raised concerns about its stability and the security of the British research station Halley. We describe ramp-shaped bedforms that likely represent ice shelf grounding and stabilization locations of the past that may reflect an analogue to the process going on now.
We interpret landforms on the seabed and investigate sediment cores to improve our understanding...
