Articles | Volume 13, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1005-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1005-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
29 Mar 2019
Research article |
| 29 Mar 2019
| 29 Mar 2019
In situ observed relationships between snow and ice surface skin temperatures and 2 m air temperatures in the Arctic
Pia Nielsen-Englyst
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
DTU Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Jacob L. Høyer
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
Kristine S. Madsen
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
Rasmus Tonboe
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
Gorm Dybkjær
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
Emy Alerskans
Research & Development, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Comparison of MODIS surface temperatures to in situ measurements on the Greenland Ice Sheet from 2014 to 2017 K. Zikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.51
- Offset of MODIS land surface temperatures from in situ air temperatures in the upper Kaskawulsh Glacier region (St. Elias Mountains) indicates near-surface temperature inversions I. Kindstedt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3051-2022
- Application of Machine Learning for Simulation of Air Temperature at Dome A X. Pang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041045
- Global satellite-based sea and sea-ice surface temperatures since 1982 P. Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07363-4
- Assessment of MODIS and VIIRS Ice Surface Temperature Products over the Antarctic Ice Sheet C. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17060955
- A new sea ice concentration retrieval algorithm from thermal infrared imagery Y. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2353116
- A Model-Based Temperature Adjustment Scheme for Wintertime Sea-Ice Production Retrievals from MODIS A. Preußer et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092036
- Interchangeability of multi-decade skin and surface air temperature trends over land in models M. Richardson https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ad3f3c
- Reconstruction of Near-Surface Air Temperature over the Greenland Ice Sheet Based on MODIS Data and Machine Learning Approaches J. Che et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225775
- The importance of regional sea-ice variability for the coastal climate and near-surface temperature gradients in Northeast Greenland S. Shahi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-747-2023
- Arctic and Antarctic Surface Temperatures from AVHRR thermal Infrared satellite sensors 1982–2023 W. Kolbe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114816
- Glacier evolution model based on physical processes: Application to alpine glacier Laohugou No. 12, Qilian Mountains K. Duan et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1524-8
- Evaluation of reanalyzed surface air temperature over the western Tibetan Plateau J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108454
- A combined sea and sea-ice surface temperature climate dataset of the Arctic, 1982–2021 P. Nielsen-Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113331
- 冰川物理过程模型的建立及其在山地冰川中的应用——以祁连山老虎沟<bold>12</bold>号冰川为例 克. 段 et al. https://doi.org/10.1360/SSTe-2024-0158
- A new Level 4 multi-sensor ice surface temperature product for the Greenland Ice Sheet I. Karagali et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3703-2022
- Sea ice surface temperature retrieval from Landsat 8/TIRS: Evaluation of five methods against in situ temperature records and MODIS IST in Arctic region P. Fan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111975
- Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements P. Nielsen-Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021
- Anomalous Floe Dynamics in Nares Strait: A Case Study of Ice Arch Formation R. Vincent & K. Spekkens https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18101472
- An Assessment of the Lancaster Sound Polynya Using Satellite Data 1979 to 2022 R. Vincent https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15040954
- Four decades of circumpolar super-resolved satellite land surface temperature data S. Dupuis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07399-6
- Temperature monitoring from 2012 to 2019 in central part of Suntar-Khayat Ridge, Russia R. Sysolyatin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-020-6175-3
- Evaluation of the relationships and uncertainties of airborne and ground-based sea ice surface temperature measurements against remotely sensed temperature records P. Fan et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2022.2143585
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Comparison of MODIS surface temperatures to in situ measurements on the Greenland Ice Sheet from 2014 to 2017 K. Zikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.51
- Offset of MODIS land surface temperatures from in situ air temperatures in the upper Kaskawulsh Glacier region (St. Elias Mountains) indicates near-surface temperature inversions I. Kindstedt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3051-2022
- Application of Machine Learning for Simulation of Air Temperature at Dome A X. Pang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041045
- Global satellite-based sea and sea-ice surface temperatures since 1982 P. Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07363-4
- Assessment of MODIS and VIIRS Ice Surface Temperature Products over the Antarctic Ice Sheet C. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17060955
- A new sea ice concentration retrieval algorithm from thermal infrared imagery Y. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2353116
- A Model-Based Temperature Adjustment Scheme for Wintertime Sea-Ice Production Retrievals from MODIS A. Preußer et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092036
- Interchangeability of multi-decade skin and surface air temperature trends over land in models M. Richardson https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ad3f3c
- Reconstruction of Near-Surface Air Temperature over the Greenland Ice Sheet Based on MODIS Data and Machine Learning Approaches J. Che et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225775
- The importance of regional sea-ice variability for the coastal climate and near-surface temperature gradients in Northeast Greenland S. Shahi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-747-2023
- Arctic and Antarctic Surface Temperatures from AVHRR thermal Infrared satellite sensors 1982–2023 W. Kolbe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114816
- Glacier evolution model based on physical processes: Application to alpine glacier Laohugou No. 12, Qilian Mountains K. Duan et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1524-8
- Evaluation of reanalyzed surface air temperature over the western Tibetan Plateau J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108454
- A combined sea and sea-ice surface temperature climate dataset of the Arctic, 1982–2021 P. Nielsen-Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113331
- 冰川物理过程模型的建立及其在山地冰川中的应用——以祁连山老虎沟<bold>12</bold>号冰川为例 克. 段 et al. https://doi.org/10.1360/SSTe-2024-0158
- A new Level 4 multi-sensor ice surface temperature product for the Greenland Ice Sheet I. Karagali et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3703-2022
- Sea ice surface temperature retrieval from Landsat 8/TIRS: Evaluation of five methods against in situ temperature records and MODIS IST in Arctic region P. Fan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111975
- Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements P. Nielsen-Englyst et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021
- Anomalous Floe Dynamics in Nares Strait: A Case Study of Ice Arch Formation R. Vincent & K. Spekkens https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18101472
- An Assessment of the Lancaster Sound Polynya Using Satellite Data 1979 to 2022 R. Vincent https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15040954
- Four decades of circumpolar super-resolved satellite land surface temperature data S. Dupuis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07399-6
- Temperature monitoring from 2012 to 2019 in central part of Suntar-Khayat Ridge, Russia R. Sysolyatin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-020-6175-3
- Evaluation of the relationships and uncertainties of airborne and ground-based sea ice surface temperature measurements against remotely sensed temperature records P. Fan et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2022.2143585
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 11 Sep 2026
Short summary
The paper facilitates the construction of a satellite-derived 2 m air temperature (T2m) product for Arctic snow/ice areas. The relationship between skin temperature (Tskin) and T2m is analysed using weather stations. The main factors influencing the relationship are seasonal variations, wind speed and clouds. A clear-sky bias is estimated to assess the effect of cloud-limited satellite observations. The results are valuable when validating satellite Tskin or estimating T2m from satellite Tskin.
The paper facilitates the construction of a satellite-derived 2 m air temperature (T2m) product...
