Articles | Volume 12, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1461-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1461-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Subglacial drainage patterns of Devon Island, Canada: detailed comparison of rivers and subglacial meltwater channels
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (BC), Canada
A. Mark Jellinek
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (BC), Canada
Gordon R. Osinski
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada
Michael Zanetti
Department of Earth Sciences and Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration, University of Western Ontario, London (ON), Canada
Antero Kukko
Center of Excellence in Laser Scanning Research, Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry,
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala, Finland
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Letícia F. Castanheiro, Antonio M. G. Tommaselli, Heikki Hyyti, and Antero Kukko
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-3-2024, 57–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-3-2024-57-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-3-2024-57-2024, 2024
Mariana Batista Campos, Leticia Ferrari Castanheiro, Dipal Shah, Yunsheng Wang, Antero Kukko, and Eetu Puttonen
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-2024, 43–50, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-2024-43-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-2024-43-2024, 2024
Shannon M. Hibbard, Gordon R. Osinski, Etienne Godin, Antero Kukko, Chimira Andres, Shawn Chartrand, Anna Grau Galofre, A. Mark Jellinek, and Wendy Boucher
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-227, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-227, 2024
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This study investigates a new landform found on Axel Heiberg Island in Nunavut, Canada. Vermicular Ridge Features (VRFs) are comprised of a series of ridges and troughs creating a unique brain-like pattern. We aim to identify how VRFs form and assess the past climate conditions necessary for their formation. We use surface elevation and subsurface data to infer a formation mechanism. We propose VRFs were formed from the burial and removal of glacier ice as the glaciers were retreating.
Simona F. Ruso, Anna Grau Galofre, and Gordon R. Osinski
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-164, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-164, 2024
Preprint archived
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We attempt to enhance the current diagnostic criteria for channels formed under ice sheets by applying mathematical relationships commonly used to describe the correlation between river size and discharge. Our analysis reveals a unique relationship between channel size and drainage area size, which we have interpreted to represent formation under an ice sheet. These relationships can be applied to extremely remote environments to discuss glaciation in locations with accessibility constraints.
L. F. Castanheiro, A. M. G. Tommaselli, T. A. C. Garcia, M. B. Campos, and A. Kukko
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 71–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-71-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-71-2023, 2023
T. Faitli, T. Hakala, H. Kaartinen, J. Hyyppä, and A. Kukko
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 145–150, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-145-2023, 2023
Shawn M. Chartrand, A. Mark Jellinek, Marwan A. Hassan, and Carles Ferrer-Boix
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-1-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-1-2023, 2023
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Rivers with alternating patterns of shallow and deep flows are commonly observed where a river widens and then narrows, respectively. But what if width changes over time? We use a lab experiment to address this question and find it is possible to decrease and then increase river width at a specific location and observe that flows deepen and then shallow consistent with expectations. Our observations can inform river restoration and climate adaptation programs that emphasize river corridors.
Terhikki Manninen, Kati Anttila, Emmihenna Jääskeläinen, Aku Riihelä, Jouni Peltoniemi, Petri Räisänen, Panu Lahtinen, Niilo Siljamo, Laura Thölix, Outi Meinander, Anna Kontu, Hanne Suokanerva, Roberta Pirazzini, Juha Suomalainen, Teemu Hakala, Sanna Kaasalainen, Harri Kaartinen, Antero Kukko, Olivier Hautecoeur, and Jean-Louis Roujean
The Cryosphere, 15, 793–820, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-793-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-793-2021, 2021
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The primary goal of this paper is to present a model of snow surface albedo (brightness) accounting for small-scale surface roughness effects. It can be combined with any volume scattering model. The results indicate that surface roughness may decrease the albedo by about 1–3 % in midwinter and even more than 10 % during the late melting season. The effect is largest for low solar zenith angle values and lower bulk snow albedo values.
A. Kukko, H. Kaartinen, G. Osinski, and J. Hyyppä
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2020, 749–756, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-749-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-749-2020, 2020
Eliisa S. Lotsari, Mikel Calle, Gerardo Benito, Antero Kukko, Harri Kaartinen, Juha Hyyppä, Hannu Hyyppä, and Petteri Alho
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 163–185, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-163-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-163-2018, 2018
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This paper analyses the timing of topographical changes of a gravel bed ephemeral river channel during consecutive and moderate- and low-magnitude floods by applying a morphodynamic model calibrated with pre- and post-event surveys using RTK-GPS and mobile laser scanning. The channel acted as a braided river during lower flows but as a meandering river during higher flows. The channel changes can be greater during the long-lasting receding phase than during the rising phase of the floods.
S. Junttila, M. Vastaranta, R. Linnakoski, J. Sugano, H. Kaartinen, A. Kukko, M. Holopainen, H. Hyyppä, and J. Hyyppä
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-3-W3, 81–85, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W3-81-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W3-81-2017, 2017
Related subject area
Discipline: Ice sheets | Subject: Geomorphology
Dynamical response of the southwestern Laurentide Ice Sheet to rapid Bølling–Allerød warming
Effects of topographic and meteorological parameters on the surface area loss of ice aprons in the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps)
Geomorphology and shallow sub-sea-floor structures underneath the Ekström Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Formation of ribbed bedforms below shear margins and lobes of palaeo-ice streams
A quasi-annual record of time-transgressive esker formation: implications for ice-sheet reconstruction and subglacial hydrology
Ice-stream flow switching by up-ice propagation of instabilities along glacial marginal troughs
Basal control of supraglacial meltwater catchments on the Greenland Ice Sheet
How dynamic are ice-stream beds?
Sophie L. Norris, Martin Margold, David J. A. Evans, Nigel Atkinson, and Duane G. Froese
The Cryosphere, 18, 1533–1559, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1533-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1533-2024, 2024
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Associated with climate change between the Last Glacial Maximum and the current interglacial period, we reconstruct the behaviour of the southwestern Laurentide Ice Sheet, which covered the Canadian Prairies, using detailed landform mapping. Our reconstruction depicts three shifts in the ice sheet’s dynamics. We suggest these changes resulted from ice sheet thinning triggered by abrupt climatic change. However, we show that regional lithology and topography also play an important role.
Suvrat Kaushik, Ludovic Ravanel, Florence Magnin, Yajing Yan, Emmanuel Trouve, and Diego Cusicanqui
The Cryosphere, 16, 4251–4271, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4251-2022, 2022
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Climate change impacts all parts of the cryosphere but most importantly the smaller ice bodies like ice aprons (IAs). This study is the first attempt on a regional scale to assess the impacts of the changing climate on these small but very important ice bodies. Our study shows that IAs have consistently lost mass over the past decades. The effects of climate variables, particularly temperature and precipitation and topographic factors, were analysed on the loss of IA area.
Astrid Oetting, Emma C. Smith, Jan Erik Arndt, Boris Dorschel, Reinhard Drews, Todd A. Ehlers, Christoph Gaedicke, Coen Hofstede, Johann P. Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Astrid Lambrecht, Andreas Läufer, Christoph Mayer, Ralf Tiedemann, Frank Wilhelms, and Olaf Eisen
The Cryosphere, 16, 2051–2066, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2051-2022, 2022
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This study combines a variety of geophysical measurements in front of and beneath the Ekström Ice Shelf in order to identify and interpret geomorphological evidences of past ice sheet flow, extent and retreat.
The maximal extent of grounded ice in this region was 11 km away from the continental shelf break.
The thickness of palaeo-ice on the calving front around the LGM was estimated to be at least 305 to 320 m.
We provide essential boundary conditions for palaeo-ice-sheet models.
Jean Vérité, Édouard Ravier, Olivier Bourgeois, Stéphane Pochat, Thomas Lelandais, Régis Mourgues, Christopher D. Clark, Paul Bessin, David Peigné, and Nigel Atkinson
The Cryosphere, 15, 2889–2916, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2889-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2889-2021, 2021
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Subglacial bedforms are commonly used to reconstruct past glacial dynamics and investigate processes occuring at the ice–bed interface. Using analogue modelling and geomorphological mapping, we demonstrate that ridges with undulating crests, known as subglacial ribbed bedforms, are ubiquitous features along ice stream corridors. These bedforms provide a tantalizing glimpse into (1) the former positions of ice stream margins, (2) the ice lobe dynamics and (3) the meltwater drainage efficiency.
Stephen J. Livingstone, Emma L. M. Lewington, Chris D. Clark, Robert D. Storrar, Andrew J. Sole, Isabelle McMartin, Nico Dewald, and Felix Ng
The Cryosphere, 14, 1989–2004, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1989-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1989-2020, 2020
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We map series of aligned mounds (esker beads) across central Nunavut, Canada. Mounds are interpreted to have formed roughly annually as sediment carried by subglacial rivers is deposited at the ice margin. Chains of mounds are formed as the ice retreats. This high-resolution (annual) record allows us to constrain the pace of ice retreat, sediment fluxes, and the style of drainage through time. In particular, we suggest that eskers in general record a composite signature of ice-marginal drainage.
Etienne Brouard and Patrick Lajeunesse
The Cryosphere, 13, 981–996, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-981-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-981-2019, 2019
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Modifications in ice-stream networks have major impacts on ice sheet mass balance and global sea level. However, the mechanisms controlling ice-stream switching remain poorly understood. We report a flow switch in an ice-stream system that occurred on the Baffin Island shelf through the erosion of a marginal trough. Up-ice propagation of ice streams through marginal troughs can lead to the piracy of neighboring ice catchments, which induces an adjacent ice-stream switch and shutdown.
Josh Crozier, Leif Karlstrom, and Kang Yang
The Cryosphere, 12, 3383–3407, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3383-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3383-2018, 2018
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Understanding ice sheet surface meltwater routing is important for modeling and predicting ice sheet evolution. We determined that bed topography underlying the Greenland Ice Sheet is the primary influence on 1–10 km scale ice surface topography, and on drainage-basin-scale surface meltwater routing. We provide a simple means of predicting the response of surface meltwater routing to changing ice flow conditions and explore the implications of this for subglacial hydrology.
Damon Davies, Robert G. Bingham, Edward C. King, Andrew M. Smith, Alex M. Brisbourne, Matteo Spagnolo, Alastair G. C. Graham, Anna E. Hogg, and David G. Vaughan
The Cryosphere, 12, 1615–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1615-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1615-2018, 2018
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This paper investigates the dynamics of ice stream beds using repeat geophysical surveys of the bed of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica; 60 km of the bed was surveyed, comprising the most extensive repeat ground-based geophysical surveys of an Antarctic ice stream; 90 % of the surveyed bed shows no significant change despite the glacier increasing in speed by up to 40 % over the last decade. This result suggests that ice stream beds are potentially more stable than previously suggested.
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Short summary
Water accumulated at the base of ice sheets is the main driver of glacier acceleration and loss of ice mass in Arctic regions. Previously glaciated landscapes sculpted by this water carry information about how ice sheets collapse and ultimately disappear. The search for these landscapes took us to the high Arctic, to explore channels that formed under kilometers of ice during the last ice age. In this work we describe how subglacial channels look and how they helped to drain an ice sheet.
Water accumulated at the base of ice sheets is the main driver of glacier acceleration and loss...