Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the  electrical self-potential (SP) method

Thompson, Sarah S.; Kulessa, Bernd; Essery, Richard L. H.; Lüthi, Martin P.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-433-2016

Articles | Volume 10, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-433-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-433-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 10, issue 1

Research article

| Highlight paper

|

29 Feb 2016

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 29 Feb 2016

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

Sarah S. Thompson, Bernd Kulessa, Richard L. H. Essery, and Martin P. Lüthi

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Aug 2015	45	51	2	98
Sep 2015	31	29	2	62
Oct 2015	19	10	9	38
Nov 2015	11	9	1	21
Dec 2015	2	9	0	11
Jan 2016	17	6	0	23
Feb 2016	83	23	3	109
Mar 2016	223	85	33	341
Apr 2016	85	22	2	109
May 2016	73	24	12	109
Jun 2016	40	8	3	51
Jul 2016	40	13	2	55
Aug 2016	24	11	2	37
Sep 2016	19	6	4	29
Oct 2016	15	2	7	24
Nov 2016	21	15	9	45
Dec 2016	11	5	2	18
Jan 2017	28	12	3	43
Feb 2017	34	3	12	49
Mar 2017	49	6	9	64
Apr 2017	53	10	12	75
May 2017	62	13	14	89
Jun 2017	64	12	17	93
Jul 2017	30	13	0	43
Aug 2017	15	7	0	22
Sep 2017	29	11	1	41
Oct 2017	25	7	1	33
Nov 2017	26	12	0	38
Dec 2017	30	11	0	41
Jan 2018	33	9	1	43
Feb 2018	38	5	3	46
Mar 2018	25	7	1	33
Apr 2018	18	7	1	26
May 2018	19	12	3	34
Jun 2018	21	6	2	29
Jul 2018	14	10	2	26
Aug 2018	20	10	2	32
Sep 2018	20	7	1	28
Oct 2018	18	8	2	28
Nov 2018	16	14	1	31
Dec 2018	27	6	1	34
Jan 2019	23	11	0	34
Feb 2019	21	4	1	26
Mar 2019	33	12	0	45
Apr 2019	51	15	0	66
May 2019	47	17	1	65
Jun 2019	58	23	0	81
Jul 2019	58	14	3	75
Aug 2019	59	8	0	67
Sep 2019	42	9	0	51
Oct 2019	48	5	4	57
Nov 2019	53	12	1	66
Dec 2019	53	9	0	62
Jan 2020	59	10	5	74
Feb 2020	46	12	1	59
Mar 2020	56	9	2	67
Apr 2020	79	13	2	94
May 2020	87	9	2	98
Jun 2020	69	12	1	82
Jul 2020	97	43	41	181
Aug 2020	61	11	3	75
Sep 2020	70	9	2	81
Oct 2020	55	10	1	66
Nov 2020	36	7	1	44
Dec 2020	66	9	1	76
Jan 2021	89	8	4	101
Feb 2021	60	9	0	69
Mar 2021	55	5	0	60
Apr 2021	56	9	0	65
May 2021	59	6	2	67
Jun 2021	54	10	0	64
Jul 2021	58	19	0	77
Aug 2021	39	9	1	49
Sep 2021	46	12	0	58
Oct 2021	38	36	0	74
Nov 2021	39	27	3	69
Dec 2021	49	13	0	62
Jan 2022	39	10	1	50
Feb 2022	46	5	3	54
Mar 2022	42	7	1	50
Apr 2022	37	8	1	46
May 2022	43	9	2	54
Jun 2022	46	8	3	57
Jul 2022	36	5	2	43
Aug 2022	42	9	0	51
Sep 2022	33	11	2	46
Oct 2022	44	4	2	50
Nov 2022	39	10	1	50
Dec 2022	58	9	3	70
Jan 2023	49	16	0	65
Feb 2023	46	9	1	56
Mar 2023	55	6	1	62
Apr 2023	40	5	2	47
May 2023	40	11	1	52

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 24 Aug 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Aug 2015	45	51	2	98
Sep 2015	31	29	2	62
Oct 2015	19	10	9	38
Nov 2015	11	9	1	21
Dec 2015	2	9	0	11
Jan 2016	17	6	0	23
Feb 2016	83	23	3	109
Mar 2016	223	85	33	341
Apr 2016	85	22	2	109
May 2016	73	24	12	109
Jun 2016	40	8	3	51
Jul 2016	40	13	2	55
Aug 2016	24	11	2	37
Sep 2016	19	6	4	29
Oct 2016	15	2	7	24
Nov 2016	21	15	9	45
Dec 2016	11	5	2	18
Jan 2017	28	12	3	43
Feb 2017	34	3	12	49
Mar 2017	49	6	9	64
Apr 2017	53	10	12	75
May 2017	62	13	14	89
Jun 2017	64	12	17	93
Jul 2017	30	13	0	43
Aug 2017	15	7	0	22
Sep 2017	29	11	1	41
Oct 2017	25	7	1	33
Nov 2017	26	12	0	38
Dec 2017	30	11	0	41
Jan 2018	33	9	1	43
Feb 2018	38	5	3	46
Mar 2018	25	7	1	33
Apr 2018	18	7	1	26
May 2018	19	12	3	34
Jun 2018	21	6	2	29
Jul 2018	14	10	2	26
Aug 2018	20	10	2	32
Sep 2018	20	7	1	28
Oct 2018	18	8	2	28
Nov 2018	16	14	1	31
Dec 2018	27	6	1	34
Jan 2019	23	11	0	34
Feb 2019	21	4	1	26
Mar 2019	33	12	0	45
Apr 2019	51	15	0	66
May 2019	47	17	1	65
Jun 2019	58	23	0	81
Jul 2019	58	14	3	75
Aug 2019	59	8	0	67
Sep 2019	42	9	0	51
Oct 2019	48	5	4	57
Nov 2019	53	12	1	66
Dec 2019	53	9	0	62
Jan 2020	59	10	5	74
Feb 2020	46	12	1	59
Mar 2020	56	9	2	67
Apr 2020	79	13	2	94
May 2020	87	9	2	98
Jun 2020	69	12	1	82
Jul 2020	97	43	41	181
Aug 2020	61	11	3	75
Sep 2020	70	9	2	81
Oct 2020	55	10	1	66
Nov 2020	36	7	1	44
Dec 2020	66	9	1	76
Jan 2021	89	8	4	101
Feb 2021	60	9	0	69
Mar 2021	55	5	0	60
Apr 2021	56	9	0	65
May 2021	59	6	2	67
Jun 2021	54	10	0	64
Jul 2021	58	19	0	77
Aug 2021	39	9	1	49
Sep 2021	46	12	0	58
Oct 2021	38	36	0	74
Nov 2021	39	27	3	69
Dec 2021	49	13	0	62
Jan 2022	39	10	1	50
Feb 2022	46	5	3	54
Mar 2022	42	7	1	50
Apr 2022	37	8	1	46
May 2022	43	9	2	54
Jun 2022	46	8	3	57
Jul 2022	36	5	2	43
Aug 2022	42	9	0	51
Sep 2022	33	11	2	46
Oct 2022	44	4	2	50
Nov 2022	39	10	1	50
Dec 2022	58	9	3	70
Jan 2023	49	16	0	65
Feb 2023	46	9	1	56
Mar 2023	55	6	1	62
Apr 2023	40	5	2	47
May 2023	40	11	1	52

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Latest update: 31 May 2023

Short summary

We show that strong electrical self-potential fields are generated in melting in in situ snowpacks at Rhone Glacier and Jungfraujoch Glacier, Switzerland. We conclude that the electrical self-potential method is a promising snow and firn hydrology sensor, owing to its suitability for sensing lateral and vertical liquid water flows directly and minimally invasively, complementing established observational programs and monitoring autonomously at a low cost.

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

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