Articles | Volume 10, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1201-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1201-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Jun 2016
Research article |
| 03 Jun 2016
Small-scale variation of snow in a regional permafrost model
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Sebastian Westermann
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Thomas Vikhamar Schuler
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Kjetil Melvold
Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Oslo, Norway
Bernd Etzelmüller
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Cited
46 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Permafrost Map for Norway, Sweden and Finland K. Gisnås et al. 10.1002/ppp.1922
- Modeling blowing snow accumulation downwind of an obstruction: The Ohara Eulerian particle distribution equation N. Kinar 10.1002/2017WR020731
- Preconditioning of mountain permafrost towards degradation detected by electrical resistivity C. Hauck & C. Hilbich 10.1088/1748-9326/ad3c55
- Modelling hydrologic impacts of light absorbing aerosol deposition on snow at the catchment scale F. Matt et al. 10.5194/hess-22-179-2018
- Permafrost thermal conditions are sensitive to shifts in snow timing A. Jan & S. Painter 10.1088/1748-9326/ab8ec4
- PERICLIMv1.0: a model deriving palaeo-air temperatures from thaw depth in past permafrost regions T. Uxa et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-1865-2021
- ForestTemp – Sub‐canopy microclimate temperatures of European forests S. Haesen et al. 10.1111/gcb.15892
- Transient modeling of the ground thermal conditions using satellite data in the Lena River delta, Siberia S. Westermann et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017
- Frozen soil hydrological modeling for a mountainous catchment northeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau H. Gao et al. 10.5194/hess-26-4187-2022
- Environmental controls on ground temperature and permafrost in Labrador, northeast Canada R. Way & A. Lewkowicz 10.1002/ppp.1972
- Ground Surface Freezing and Thawing Index Distribution in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor and Factors Analysis Based on GeoDetector Technique S. Ma et al. 10.3390/rs15010208
- A Tiling Approach to Represent Subgrid Snow Variability in Coupled Land Surface–Atmosphere Models K. Aas et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-16-0026.1
- Characterizing tundra snow sub-pixel variability to improve brightness temperature estimation in satellite SWE retrievals J. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-16-87-2022
- Northern Hemisphere permafrost map based on TTOP modelling for 2000–2016 at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.04.023
- Design of a scanning laser meter for monitoring the spatio-temporal evolution of snow depth and its application in the Alps and in Antarctica G. Picard et al. 10.5194/tc-10-1495-2016
- Does tall vegetation warm or cool the ground surface? Constraining the ground thermal impacts of upright vegetation in northern environments R. Way & C. Lapalme 10.1088/1748-9326/abef31
- Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard J. Schmidt et al. 10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021
- Degradation of ice-wedge polygons leads to increased fluxes of water and DOC N. Speetjens et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170931
- Permafrost controls the displacement rates of large unstable rock-slopes in subarctic environments I. Penna et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.104017
- Simulating the effect of subsurface drainage on the thermal regime and ground ice in blocky terrain in Norway C. Renette et al. 10.5194/esurf-11-33-2023
- Climatic assessment of circum-Arctic permafrost zonation over the last 122 kyr K. Saito et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2021.100765
- Strong degradation of palsas and peat plateaus in northern Norway during the last 60 years A. Borge et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1-2017
- Semi-automated calibration method for modelling of mountain permafrost evolution in Switzerland A. Marmy et al. 10.5194/tc-10-2693-2016
- Permafrost Distribution in the Southern Carpathians, Romania, Derived From Machine Learning Modeling R. Popescu et al. 10.1002/ppp.2232
- Ensemble-based assimilation of fractional snow-covered area satellite retrievals to estimate the snow distribution at Arctic sites K. Aalstad et al. 10.5194/tc-12-247-2018
- Permafrost in monitored unstable rock slopes in Norway – new insights from temperature and surface velocity measurements, geophysical surveying, and ground temperature modelling B. Etzelmüller et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-97-2022
- Observation and modelling of snow at a polygonal tundra permafrost site: spatial variability and thermal implications I. Gouttevin et al. 10.5194/tc-12-3693-2018
- Transitional rock glaciers at sea level in northern Norway K. Lilleøren et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-975-2022
- Relationships between vegetation, air and soil temperatures on Norwegian mountain summits A. Odland et al. 10.1080/04353676.2017.1333324
- Urban Geocryology: Mapping Urban–Rural Contrasts in Active-Layer Thickness, Barrow Peninsula, Northern Alaska A. Klene & F. Nelson 10.1080/24694452.2018.1549972
- The CryoGrid community model (version 1.0) – a multi-physics toolbox for climate-driven simulations in the terrestrial cryosphere S. Westermann et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-2607-2023
- Sensitivity of active-layer freezing process to snow cover in Arctic Alaska Y. Yi et al. 10.5194/tc-13-197-2019
- Transient Modelling of Permafrost Distribution in Iceland J. Czekirda et al. 10.3389/feart.2019.00130
- Permafrost distribution in steep rock slopes in Norway: measurements, statistical modelling and implications for geomorphological processes F. Magnin et al. 10.5194/esurf-7-1019-2019
- Pan-Antarctic map of near-surface permafrost temperatures at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. 10.5194/tc-14-497-2020
- Modeling the Snow Depth Variability With a High‐Resolution Lidar Data Set and Nonlinear Terrain Dependency T. Skaugen & K. Melvold 10.1029/2019WR025030
- Progress and Challenges in Studying Regional Permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Models H. Jiang et al. 10.3389/feart.2020.560403
- Permafrost Sub-grid Heterogeneity of Soil Properties Key for 3-D Soil Processes and Future Climate Projections C. Beer 10.3389/feart.2016.00081
- Climate change threatens archaeologically significant ice patches: insights into their age, internal structure, mass balance and climate sensitivity R. Ødegård et al. 10.5194/tc-11-17-2017
- Characterizing permafrost active layer dynamics and sensitivity to landscape spatial heterogeneity in Alaska Y. Yi et al. 10.5194/tc-12-145-2018
- Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems C. Rixen et al. 10.1139/as-2020-0058
- Thaw processes in ice-rich permafrost landscapes represented with laterally coupled tiles in a land surface model K. Aas et al. 10.5194/tc-13-591-2019
- Statistical Forecasting of Current and Future Circum‐Arctic Ground Temperatures and Active Layer Thickness J. Aalto et al. 10.1029/2018GL078007
- Sub-kilometre scale distribution of snow depth on Arctic sea ice from Soviet drifting stations R. Mallett et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.18
- Projected future changes in the cryosphere and hydrology of a mountainous catchment in the upper Heihe River, China Z. Chang et al. 10.5194/hess-28-3897-2024
- Evaluating the performance of coupled snow–soil models in SURFEXv8 to simulate the permafrost thermal regime at a high Arctic site M. Barrere et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-3461-2017
46 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Permafrost Map for Norway, Sweden and Finland K. Gisnås et al. 10.1002/ppp.1922
- Modeling blowing snow accumulation downwind of an obstruction: The Ohara Eulerian particle distribution equation N. Kinar 10.1002/2017WR020731
- Preconditioning of mountain permafrost towards degradation detected by electrical resistivity C. Hauck & C. Hilbich 10.1088/1748-9326/ad3c55
- Modelling hydrologic impacts of light absorbing aerosol deposition on snow at the catchment scale F. Matt et al. 10.5194/hess-22-179-2018
- Permafrost thermal conditions are sensitive to shifts in snow timing A. Jan & S. Painter 10.1088/1748-9326/ab8ec4
- PERICLIMv1.0: a model deriving palaeo-air temperatures from thaw depth in past permafrost regions T. Uxa et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-1865-2021
- ForestTemp – Sub‐canopy microclimate temperatures of European forests S. Haesen et al. 10.1111/gcb.15892
- Transient modeling of the ground thermal conditions using satellite data in the Lena River delta, Siberia S. Westermann et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017
- Frozen soil hydrological modeling for a mountainous catchment northeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau H. Gao et al. 10.5194/hess-26-4187-2022
- Environmental controls on ground temperature and permafrost in Labrador, northeast Canada R. Way & A. Lewkowicz 10.1002/ppp.1972
- Ground Surface Freezing and Thawing Index Distribution in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor and Factors Analysis Based on GeoDetector Technique S. Ma et al. 10.3390/rs15010208
- A Tiling Approach to Represent Subgrid Snow Variability in Coupled Land Surface–Atmosphere Models K. Aas et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-16-0026.1
- Characterizing tundra snow sub-pixel variability to improve brightness temperature estimation in satellite SWE retrievals J. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-16-87-2022
- Northern Hemisphere permafrost map based on TTOP modelling for 2000–2016 at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.04.023
- Design of a scanning laser meter for monitoring the spatio-temporal evolution of snow depth and its application in the Alps and in Antarctica G. Picard et al. 10.5194/tc-10-1495-2016
- Does tall vegetation warm or cool the ground surface? Constraining the ground thermal impacts of upright vegetation in northern environments R. Way & C. Lapalme 10.1088/1748-9326/abef31
- Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard J. Schmidt et al. 10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021
- Degradation of ice-wedge polygons leads to increased fluxes of water and DOC N. Speetjens et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170931
- Permafrost controls the displacement rates of large unstable rock-slopes in subarctic environments I. Penna et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.104017
- Simulating the effect of subsurface drainage on the thermal regime and ground ice in blocky terrain in Norway C. Renette et al. 10.5194/esurf-11-33-2023
- Climatic assessment of circum-Arctic permafrost zonation over the last 122 kyr K. Saito et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2021.100765
- Strong degradation of palsas and peat plateaus in northern Norway during the last 60 years A. Borge et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1-2017
- Semi-automated calibration method for modelling of mountain permafrost evolution in Switzerland A. Marmy et al. 10.5194/tc-10-2693-2016
- Permafrost Distribution in the Southern Carpathians, Romania, Derived From Machine Learning Modeling R. Popescu et al. 10.1002/ppp.2232
- Ensemble-based assimilation of fractional snow-covered area satellite retrievals to estimate the snow distribution at Arctic sites K. Aalstad et al. 10.5194/tc-12-247-2018
- Permafrost in monitored unstable rock slopes in Norway – new insights from temperature and surface velocity measurements, geophysical surveying, and ground temperature modelling B. Etzelmüller et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-97-2022
- Observation and modelling of snow at a polygonal tundra permafrost site: spatial variability and thermal implications I. Gouttevin et al. 10.5194/tc-12-3693-2018
- Transitional rock glaciers at sea level in northern Norway K. Lilleøren et al. 10.5194/esurf-10-975-2022
- Relationships between vegetation, air and soil temperatures on Norwegian mountain summits A. Odland et al. 10.1080/04353676.2017.1333324
- Urban Geocryology: Mapping Urban–Rural Contrasts in Active-Layer Thickness, Barrow Peninsula, Northern Alaska A. Klene & F. Nelson 10.1080/24694452.2018.1549972
- The CryoGrid community model (version 1.0) – a multi-physics toolbox for climate-driven simulations in the terrestrial cryosphere S. Westermann et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-2607-2023
- Sensitivity of active-layer freezing process to snow cover in Arctic Alaska Y. Yi et al. 10.5194/tc-13-197-2019
- Transient Modelling of Permafrost Distribution in Iceland J. Czekirda et al. 10.3389/feart.2019.00130
- Permafrost distribution in steep rock slopes in Norway: measurements, statistical modelling and implications for geomorphological processes F. Magnin et al. 10.5194/esurf-7-1019-2019
- Pan-Antarctic map of near-surface permafrost temperatures at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. 10.5194/tc-14-497-2020
- Modeling the Snow Depth Variability With a High‐Resolution Lidar Data Set and Nonlinear Terrain Dependency T. Skaugen & K. Melvold 10.1029/2019WR025030
- Progress and Challenges in Studying Regional Permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Models H. Jiang et al. 10.3389/feart.2020.560403
- Permafrost Sub-grid Heterogeneity of Soil Properties Key for 3-D Soil Processes and Future Climate Projections C. Beer 10.3389/feart.2016.00081
- Climate change threatens archaeologically significant ice patches: insights into their age, internal structure, mass balance and climate sensitivity R. Ødegård et al. 10.5194/tc-11-17-2017
- Characterizing permafrost active layer dynamics and sensitivity to landscape spatial heterogeneity in Alaska Y. Yi et al. 10.5194/tc-12-145-2018
- Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems C. Rixen et al. 10.1139/as-2020-0058
- Thaw processes in ice-rich permafrost landscapes represented with laterally coupled tiles in a land surface model K. Aas et al. 10.5194/tc-13-591-2019
- Statistical Forecasting of Current and Future Circum‐Arctic Ground Temperatures and Active Layer Thickness J. Aalto et al. 10.1029/2018GL078007
- Sub-kilometre scale distribution of snow depth on Arctic sea ice from Soviet drifting stations R. Mallett et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.18
- Projected future changes in the cryosphere and hydrology of a mountainous catchment in the upper Heihe River, China Z. Chang et al. 10.5194/hess-28-3897-2024
- Evaluating the performance of coupled snow–soil models in SURFEXv8 to simulate the permafrost thermal regime at a high Arctic site M. Barrere et al. 10.5194/gmd-10-3461-2017
Saved (preprint)
Latest update: 28 Mar 2025
Short summary
In wind exposed areas snow redistribution results in large spatial variability in ground temperatures. In these areas, the ground temperature of a grid cell must be determined based on the distribution, and not the average, of snow depths. We employ distribution functions of snow in a regional permafrost model, showing highly improved representation of ground temperatures. By including snow distributions, we find the permafrost area to be nearly twice as large as what is modelled without.
In wind exposed areas snow redistribution results in large spatial variability in ground...
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