Articles | Volume 9, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2323-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2323-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Dec 2015
Research article |
| 11 Dec 2015
Soot on Snow experiment: bidirectional reflectance factor measurements of contaminated snow
J. I. Peltoniemi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala, Finland
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, Finland
M. Gritsevich
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala, Finland
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, Finland
Ural Federal University, Institute of Physics and Technology, Ekaterinburg, Russia
T. Hakala
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala, Finland
P. Dagsson-Waldhauserová
Agricultural University of Iceland, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Hvanneyri, Iceland
University of Iceland, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Faculty of Earth Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecology, Prague, Czech Republic
Ó. Arnalds
University of Iceland, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Faculty of Earth Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland
K. Anttila
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
H.-R. Hannula
Finnish Meteorological Institute Arctic Research Centre, Tähteläntie 62, Sodankylä, Finland
N. Kivekäs
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
H. Lihavainen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
O. Meinander
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
J. Svensson
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Environmental Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
A. Virkkula
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
G. de Leeuw
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki, Finland
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Latest update: 08 Nov 2025
Short summary
Light-absorbing impurities change the reflectance of snow in different ways. Some particles are heated by the Sun and they sink out of sight. During the process, snow may look darker than pure snow when observed by nadir, but at larger view zenith angles the snow may look as white as clean snow. Thus an observer on the ground may overestimate the albedo, while a satellite underestimates the albedo. Climate studies need to examine how the contaminants behave in snow, not only their total amounts.
Light-absorbing impurities change the reflectance of snow in different ways. Some particles are...
