The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
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Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3131-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3131-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
Research article
 | 
29 May 2026
Research article |  | 29 May 2026

PIXAL: a physics-inspired explainable machine learning architecture for Greenland ice albedo modeling

Raf Antwerpen, Marco Tedesco, Pierre Gentine, Willem Jan van de Berg, and Xavier Fettweis

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Short summary
We study why Greenland ice melts faster by improving how ice brightness is represented. This is important because it controls how much sunlight is absorbed by the ice. Using satellite data and a new transparent machine learning method trained with climate model information, we capture how the shape of the ice sheet, temperature, and meltwater change ice brightness. Our approach outperforms existing climate models and can reduce uncertainty in future sea level rise projections.
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