Articles | Volume 13, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-827-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-827-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Mar 2019
Research article |
| 07 Mar 2019
| 07 Mar 2019
Pervasive cold ice within a temperate glacier – implications for glacier thermal regimes, sediment transport and foreland geomorphology
Benedict T. I. Reinardy
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
Adam D. Booth
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Anna L. C. Hughes
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, 5020, Norway
now at: School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Clare M. Boston
Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3HE, UK
Henning Åkesson
Department of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
Jostein Bakke
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, 5020, Norway
Atle Nesje
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, 5020, Norway
Rianne H. Giesen
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TA, the Netherlands
now at: HydroLogic Research, Delft, the Netherlands
Danni M. Pearce
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
Viewed
Total article views: 4,533 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Oct 2018)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,032 | 1,405 | 96 | 4,533 | 102 | 101 |
- HTML: 3,032
- PDF: 1,405
- XML: 96
- Total: 4,533
- BibTeX: 102
- EndNote: 101
Total article views: 3,634 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Mar 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,502 | 1,039 | 93 | 3,634 | 100 | 100 |
- HTML: 2,502
- PDF: 1,039
- XML: 93
- Total: 3,634
- BibTeX: 100
- EndNote: 100
Total article views: 899 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Oct 2018)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 530 | 366 | 3 | 899 | 2 | 1 |
- HTML: 530
- PDF: 366
- XML: 3
- Total: 899
- BibTeX: 2
- EndNote: 1
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,533 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,987 with geography defined
and 546 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,634 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,162 with geography defined
and 472 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 899 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 825 with geography defined
and 74 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Cooling glaciers in a warming climate since the Little Ice Age at Qaanaaq, northwest Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) J. Carrivick et al. 10.1002/esp.5638
- The thermal structure, subglacial topography and surface structures of the NE outlet of Eyjabakkajökull, east Iceland K. Lamsters et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2020.100566
- Temperate Glacier Survey on the Yulong Snow Mountain Using Low-Frequency Ground-Penetrating Radar Data With Fast Coherent Enhancement T. Qin et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2025.3530157
- Hydrological investigation of subsurface Glacial Lake Outburst Floods at Bindo Gol Valley under changing climate, Pakistan S. Khan et al. 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2022.104633
- Topographic controls on plateau icefield recession: insights from the Younger Dryas Monadhliath Icefield, Scotland C. Boston & S. Lukas 10.1002/jqs.3111
- Proglacial lake expansion and glacier retreat in Arctic Sweden A. Dye et al. 10.1080/04353676.2022.2121999
- Subglacial deformation of permafrost beneath Wright Lower Glacier, Antarctica as revealed by direct observations and measurements from a subglacial tunnel S. Fitzsimons et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.108886
- An Assessment of Geophysical Survey Techniques for Characterising the Subsurface Around Glacier Margins, and Recommendations for Future Applications H. Watts et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.734682
- Thermal basal regime of the Elsterian ice‐sheet marginal zone in a hilly mountain foreland, Rychleby Mts., Eastern Sudetes M. Hanáček et al. 10.1111/bor.12505
- Diffraction Separation by a Coherence Analysis Framework for Ground Penetrating Radar Applications B. Zhang et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2023.3297373
- Processes of ‘hummocky moraine’ formation in the Gaick, Scotland: insights into the ice‐marginal dynamics of a Younger Dryas plateau icefield B. Chandler et al. 10.1111/bor.12426
- The role of topography in landform development at an active temperate glacier in Arctic Norway C. Boston et al. 10.1002/esp.5588
- Implications of a rapidly thinning ice margin for annual moraine formation at Gornergletscher, Switzerland L. Rettig et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108085
- Drainage system and thermal structure of a High Arctic polythermal glacier: Waldemarbreen, western Svalbard J. Karušs et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.125
- Subglacial sediment distribution from constrained seismic inversion, using MuLTI software: examples from Midtdalsbreen, Norway S. Killingbeck et al. 10.1017/aog.2019.13
- Full-parametric and joint inversion of multimode surface wave data for identifying glacial ice thickness and freezing extent in subglacial sediments via the hunger games search algorithm H. Ai et al. 10.1190/geo2023-0756.1
- New insights in glaciers characterization by differential diagnosis integrating GPR and remote sensing techniques: A case study for the Eastern Gran Zebrù glacier (Central Alps) E. Forte et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112715
- Evolution of the Norwegian plateau icefield Hardangerjøkulen since the ‘Little Ice Age’ P. Weber et al. 10.1177/0959683619865601
- Subglacial Channels, Climate Warming, and Increasing Frequency of Alpine Glacier Snout Collapse P. Egli et al. 10.1029/2021GL096031
- Morphology, flow dynamics and evolution of englacial conduits in cold ice J. Kamintzis et al. 10.1002/esp.5494
- Reconstruction of the glacier dynamics and Holocene chronology of retreat of Helagsglaciären in Central Sweden A. Kurop & S. Lukas 10.1080/04353676.2025.2521180
- Evidence of glacier-permafrost interactions associated with hydro-geomorphological processes and landforms at Snøhetta, Dovrefjell, Norway F. Miesen et al. 10.1080/04353676.2021.1955539
- Migrating Steep-Obliquity Interfaces in GPR Images Based on a Crossed Differential Operator Q. Dai et al. 10.1109/LGRS.2020.3028745
- Characterisation of subglacial water using a constrained transdimensional Bayesian transient electromagnetic inversion S. Killingbeck et al. 10.5194/se-11-75-2020
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Cooling glaciers in a warming climate since the Little Ice Age at Qaanaaq, northwest Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) J. Carrivick et al. 10.1002/esp.5638
- The thermal structure, subglacial topography and surface structures of the NE outlet of Eyjabakkajökull, east Iceland K. Lamsters et al. 10.1016/j.polar.2020.100566
- Temperate Glacier Survey on the Yulong Snow Mountain Using Low-Frequency Ground-Penetrating Radar Data With Fast Coherent Enhancement T. Qin et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2025.3530157
- Hydrological investigation of subsurface Glacial Lake Outburst Floods at Bindo Gol Valley under changing climate, Pakistan S. Khan et al. 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2022.104633
- Topographic controls on plateau icefield recession: insights from the Younger Dryas Monadhliath Icefield, Scotland C. Boston & S. Lukas 10.1002/jqs.3111
- Proglacial lake expansion and glacier retreat in Arctic Sweden A. Dye et al. 10.1080/04353676.2022.2121999
- Subglacial deformation of permafrost beneath Wright Lower Glacier, Antarctica as revealed by direct observations and measurements from a subglacial tunnel S. Fitzsimons et al. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.108886
- An Assessment of Geophysical Survey Techniques for Characterising the Subsurface Around Glacier Margins, and Recommendations for Future Applications H. Watts et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.734682
- Thermal basal regime of the Elsterian ice‐sheet marginal zone in a hilly mountain foreland, Rychleby Mts., Eastern Sudetes M. Hanáček et al. 10.1111/bor.12505
- Diffraction Separation by a Coherence Analysis Framework for Ground Penetrating Radar Applications B. Zhang et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2023.3297373
- Processes of ‘hummocky moraine’ formation in the Gaick, Scotland: insights into the ice‐marginal dynamics of a Younger Dryas plateau icefield B. Chandler et al. 10.1111/bor.12426
- The role of topography in landform development at an active temperate glacier in Arctic Norway C. Boston et al. 10.1002/esp.5588
- Implications of a rapidly thinning ice margin for annual moraine formation at Gornergletscher, Switzerland L. Rettig et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108085
- Drainage system and thermal structure of a High Arctic polythermal glacier: Waldemarbreen, western Svalbard J. Karušs et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.125
- Subglacial sediment distribution from constrained seismic inversion, using MuLTI software: examples from Midtdalsbreen, Norway S. Killingbeck et al. 10.1017/aog.2019.13
- Full-parametric and joint inversion of multimode surface wave data for identifying glacial ice thickness and freezing extent in subglacial sediments via the hunger games search algorithm H. Ai et al. 10.1190/geo2023-0756.1
- New insights in glaciers characterization by differential diagnosis integrating GPR and remote sensing techniques: A case study for the Eastern Gran Zebrù glacier (Central Alps) E. Forte et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112715
- Evolution of the Norwegian plateau icefield Hardangerjøkulen since the ‘Little Ice Age’ P. Weber et al. 10.1177/0959683619865601
- Subglacial Channels, Climate Warming, and Increasing Frequency of Alpine Glacier Snout Collapse P. Egli et al. 10.1029/2021GL096031
- Morphology, flow dynamics and evolution of englacial conduits in cold ice J. Kamintzis et al. 10.1002/esp.5494
- Reconstruction of the glacier dynamics and Holocene chronology of retreat of Helagsglaciären in Central Sweden A. Kurop & S. Lukas 10.1080/04353676.2025.2521180
- Evidence of glacier-permafrost interactions associated with hydro-geomorphological processes and landforms at Snøhetta, Dovrefjell, Norway F. Miesen et al. 10.1080/04353676.2021.1955539
- Migrating Steep-Obliquity Interfaces in GPR Images Based on a Crossed Differential Operator Q. Dai et al. 10.1109/LGRS.2020.3028745
- Characterisation of subglacial water using a constrained transdimensional Bayesian transient electromagnetic inversion S. Killingbeck et al. 10.5194/se-11-75-2020
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 11 Jul 2025
Short summary
Cold-ice processes may be widespread within temperate glacier systems but the role of cold-ice processes in temperate glacier systems is relatively unknown. Climate forcing is the main control on glacier mass balance but potential for heterogeneous thermal conditions at temperate glaciers calls for improved model assessments of future evolution of thermal conditions and impacts on glacier dynamics and mass balance. Cold-ice processes need to be included in temperate glacier land system models.
Cold-ice processes may be widespread within temperate glacier systems but the role of cold-ice...
