Articles | Volume 11, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1371-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1371-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Jun 2017
Research article |
| 09 Jun 2017
Hypsometric amplification and routing moderation of Greenland ice sheet meltwater release
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350
Copenhagen, Denmark
Andreas Bech Mikkelsen
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University
of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
Morten Holtegaard Nielsen
Marine Science & Consulting, Peder Lykkes Vej 8, 4. th, 2300
Copenhagen, Denmark
Jason E. Box
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350
Copenhagen, Denmark
Lillemor Claesson Liljedahl
Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB, Research and Safety
Assessment, Box 250, 101 24 Stockholm, Sweden
Katrin Lindbäck
Norwegian Polar Institute, Framsentret, Postboks 6606, Langnes, 9296
Tromsø, Norway
Lincoln Pitcher
Department of Geography, University of California Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California, 90095, USA
Bent Hasholt
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University
of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
Viewed
Total article views: 6,340 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 02 Jan 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,270 | 1,822 | 248 | 6,340 | 171 | 223 |
- HTML: 4,270
- PDF: 1,822
- XML: 248
- Total: 6,340
- BibTeX: 171
- EndNote: 223
Total article views: 5,213 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Jun 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,503 | 1,519 | 191 | 5,213 | 150 | 166 |
- HTML: 3,503
- PDF: 1,519
- XML: 191
- Total: 5,213
- BibTeX: 150
- EndNote: 166
Total article views: 1,127 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 02 Jan 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 767 | 303 | 57 | 1,127 | 21 | 57 |
- HTML: 767
- PDF: 303
- XML: 57
- Total: 1,127
- BibTeX: 21
- EndNote: 57
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 6,340 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 5,964 with geography defined
and 376 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 5,213 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,864 with geography defined
and 349 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,127 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,100 with geography defined
and 27 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
48 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Abrupt shift in the observed runoff from the southwestern Greenland ice sheet A. Ahlstrøm et al. 10.1126/sciadv.1701169
- High-resolution ice sheet surface mass-balance and spatiotemporal runoff simulations: Kangerlussuaq, west Greenland S. Mernild et al. 10.1080/15230430.2017.1415856
- Glacier algae accelerate melt rates on the south-western Greenland Ice Sheet J. Cook et al. 10.5194/tc-14-309-2020
- Direct Observation of Winter Meltwater Drainage From the Greenland Ice Sheet L. Pitcher et al. 10.1029/2019GL086521
- Rapid development and persistence of efficient subglacial drainage under 900 m-thick ice in Greenland D. Chandler et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116982
- Heterogeneous timing of freshwater input into Kobbefjord, a low‐arctic fjord in Greenland J. Abermann et al. 10.1002/hyp.14413
- A new surface meltwater routing model for use on the Greenland Ice Sheet surface K. Yang et al. 10.5194/tc-12-3791-2018
- Rapid expansion of Greenland’s low-permeability ice slabs M. MacFerrin et al. 10.1038/s41586-019-1550-3
- The Case for a Sustained Greenland Ice Sheet-Ocean Observing System (GrIOOS) F. Straneo et al. 10.3389/fmars.2019.00138
- Molecular Signatures of Glacial Dissolved Organic Matter From Svalbard and Greenland A. Kellerman et al. 10.1029/2020GB006709
- Direct measurements of meltwater runoff on the Greenland ice sheet surface L. Smith et al. 10.1073/pnas.1707743114
- Proglacial river stage derived from georectified time-lapse camera images, Inglefield Land, Northwest Greenland S. Goldstein et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.960363
- Influence of temperature fluctuations on equilibrium ice sheet volume T. Mikkelsen et al. 10.5194/tc-12-39-2018
- Differences in the Quantity and Quality of Organic Matter Exported From Greenlandic Glacial and Deglaciated Watersheds A. Pain et al. 10.1029/2020GB006614
- Increasing surface runoff from Greenland’s firn areas A. Tedstone & H. Machguth 10.1038/s41558-022-01371-z
- Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss: Recent Developments in Observation and Modeling M. van den Broeke et al. 10.1007/s40641-017-0084-8
- Flood events caused by discharge from Qaanaaq Glacier, northwestern Greenland K. Kondo et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.3
- Ge/Si and Ge Isotope Fractionation During Glacial and Non-glacial Weathering: Field and Experimental Data From West Greenland J. Baronas et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.551900
- Meltwater percolation, impermeable layer formation and runoff buffering on Devon Ice Cap, Canada D. Ashmore et al. 10.1017/jog.2019.80
- Modeling of surface energy balance for Icelandic glaciers using remote-sensing albedo A. Gunnarsson et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3955-2023
- Intra-seasonal variability in supraglacial stream sediment on the Greenland Ice Sheet S. Leidman et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.969629
- Reconstructing Greenland Ice Sheet meltwater discharge through the Watson River (1949–2017) D. van As et al. 10.1080/15230430.2018.1433799
- Greenland liquid water discharge from 1958 through 2019 K. Mankoff et al. 10.5194/essd-12-2811-2020
- Arctic climate shifts drive rapid ecosystem responses across the West Greenland landscape J. Saros et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2928
- Pan-Greenland mapping of supraglacial rivers, lakes, and water-filled crevasses in a cool summer (2018) and a warm summer (2019) W. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113781
- Comparison and Synthesis of Sea‐Level and Deep‐Sea Temperature Variations Over the Past 40 Million Years E. Rohling et al. 10.1029/2022RG000775
- Seasonal evolution of supraglacial lakes and rivers on the southwest Greenland Ice Sheet K. Yang et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.10
- Supraglacial River Forcing of Subglacial Water Storage and Diurnal Ice Sheet Motion L. Smith et al. 10.1029/2020GL091418
- The apparent effect of orbital drift on time series of MODIS MOD10A1 albedo on the Greenland ice sheet S. Feng et al. 10.1016/j.srs.2023.100116
- Seasonal evolution of the supraglacial drainage network at Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, between 2016 and 2020 L. Rawlins et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4729-2023
- Modelling lateral meltwater flow and superimposed ice formation atop Greenland's near-surface ice slabs N. Clerx et al. 10.1017/jog.2024.69
- Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss R. Sellevold & M. Vizcaíno 10.1029/2019MS002029
- Surface meltwater runoff routing through a coupled supraglacial-proglacial drainage system, Inglefield Land, northwest Greenland Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.jag.2021.102647
- The modelled liquid water balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet C. Steger et al. 10.5194/tc-11-2507-2017
- Surface meltwater runoff on the Greenland ice sheet estimated from remotely sensed supraglacial lake infilling rate K. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111459
- Recent changes in drainage route and outburst magnitude of the Russell Glacier ice-dammed lake, West Greenland M. Dømgaard et al. 10.5194/tc-17-1373-2023
- Chemical weathering across the western foreland of the Greenland Ice Sheet K. Deuerling et al. 10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.025
- A unified model for transient subglacial water pressure and basal sliding V. Tsai et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.103
- Greenland Ice Sheet Rainfall, Heat and Albedo Feedback Impacts From the Mid‐August 2021 Atmospheric River J. Box et al. 10.1029/2021GL097356
- Observed sediment and solute transport from the Kangerlussuaq sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet (2006–2016) B. Hasholt et al. 10.1080/15230430.2018.1433789
- Drivers of Firn Density on the Greenland Ice Sheet Revealed by Weather Station Observations and Modeling B. Vandecrux et al. 10.1029/2017JF004597
- Greenland Ice Sheet surface melt amplified by snowline migration and bare ice exposure J. Ryan et al. 10.1126/sciadv.aav3738
- Greenland ice sheet climate disequilibrium and committed sea-level rise J. Box et al. 10.1038/s41558-022-01441-2
- Meltwater storage in low-density near-surface bare ice in the Greenland ice sheet ablation zone M. Cooper et al. 10.5194/tc-12-955-2018
- Dissolved Carbon Dynamics in Meltwaters From the Russell Glacier, Greenland Ice Sheet M. Andrews et al. 10.1029/2018JG004458
- Supraglacial Streams and Rivers L. Pitcher & L. Smith 10.1146/annurev-earth-053018-060212
- Mg and Li Stable Isotope Ratios of Rocks, Minerals, and Water in an Outlet Glacier of the Greenland Ice Sheet R. Hindshaw et al. 10.3389/feart.2019.00316
- Heterogeneous CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> content of glacial meltwater from the Greenland Ice Sheet and implications for subglacial carbon processes A. Pain et al. 10.5194/tc-15-1627-2021
48 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Abrupt shift in the observed runoff from the southwestern Greenland ice sheet A. Ahlstrøm et al. 10.1126/sciadv.1701169
- High-resolution ice sheet surface mass-balance and spatiotemporal runoff simulations: Kangerlussuaq, west Greenland S. Mernild et al. 10.1080/15230430.2017.1415856
- Glacier algae accelerate melt rates on the south-western Greenland Ice Sheet J. Cook et al. 10.5194/tc-14-309-2020
- Direct Observation of Winter Meltwater Drainage From the Greenland Ice Sheet L. Pitcher et al. 10.1029/2019GL086521
- Rapid development and persistence of efficient subglacial drainage under 900 m-thick ice in Greenland D. Chandler et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116982
- Heterogeneous timing of freshwater input into Kobbefjord, a low‐arctic fjord in Greenland J. Abermann et al. 10.1002/hyp.14413
- A new surface meltwater routing model for use on the Greenland Ice Sheet surface K. Yang et al. 10.5194/tc-12-3791-2018
- Rapid expansion of Greenland’s low-permeability ice slabs M. MacFerrin et al. 10.1038/s41586-019-1550-3
- The Case for a Sustained Greenland Ice Sheet-Ocean Observing System (GrIOOS) F. Straneo et al. 10.3389/fmars.2019.00138
- Molecular Signatures of Glacial Dissolved Organic Matter From Svalbard and Greenland A. Kellerman et al. 10.1029/2020GB006709
- Direct measurements of meltwater runoff on the Greenland ice sheet surface L. Smith et al. 10.1073/pnas.1707743114
- Proglacial river stage derived from georectified time-lapse camera images, Inglefield Land, Northwest Greenland S. Goldstein et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.960363
- Influence of temperature fluctuations on equilibrium ice sheet volume T. Mikkelsen et al. 10.5194/tc-12-39-2018
- Differences in the Quantity and Quality of Organic Matter Exported From Greenlandic Glacial and Deglaciated Watersheds A. Pain et al. 10.1029/2020GB006614
- Increasing surface runoff from Greenland’s firn areas A. Tedstone & H. Machguth 10.1038/s41558-022-01371-z
- Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss: Recent Developments in Observation and Modeling M. van den Broeke et al. 10.1007/s40641-017-0084-8
- Flood events caused by discharge from Qaanaaq Glacier, northwestern Greenland K. Kondo et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.3
- Ge/Si and Ge Isotope Fractionation During Glacial and Non-glacial Weathering: Field and Experimental Data From West Greenland J. Baronas et al. 10.3389/feart.2021.551900
- Meltwater percolation, impermeable layer formation and runoff buffering on Devon Ice Cap, Canada D. Ashmore et al. 10.1017/jog.2019.80
- Modeling of surface energy balance for Icelandic glaciers using remote-sensing albedo A. Gunnarsson et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3955-2023
- Intra-seasonal variability in supraglacial stream sediment on the Greenland Ice Sheet S. Leidman et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.969629
- Reconstructing Greenland Ice Sheet meltwater discharge through the Watson River (1949–2017) D. van As et al. 10.1080/15230430.2018.1433799
- Greenland liquid water discharge from 1958 through 2019 K. Mankoff et al. 10.5194/essd-12-2811-2020
- Arctic climate shifts drive rapid ecosystem responses across the West Greenland landscape J. Saros et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2928
- Pan-Greenland mapping of supraglacial rivers, lakes, and water-filled crevasses in a cool summer (2018) and a warm summer (2019) W. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113781
- Comparison and Synthesis of Sea‐Level and Deep‐Sea Temperature Variations Over the Past 40 Million Years E. Rohling et al. 10.1029/2022RG000775
- Seasonal evolution of supraglacial lakes and rivers on the southwest Greenland Ice Sheet K. Yang et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.10
- Supraglacial River Forcing of Subglacial Water Storage and Diurnal Ice Sheet Motion L. Smith et al. 10.1029/2020GL091418
- The apparent effect of orbital drift on time series of MODIS MOD10A1 albedo on the Greenland ice sheet S. Feng et al. 10.1016/j.srs.2023.100116
- Seasonal evolution of the supraglacial drainage network at Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, between 2016 and 2020 L. Rawlins et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4729-2023
- Modelling lateral meltwater flow and superimposed ice formation atop Greenland's near-surface ice slabs N. Clerx et al. 10.1017/jog.2024.69
- Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss R. Sellevold & M. Vizcaíno 10.1029/2019MS002029
- Surface meltwater runoff routing through a coupled supraglacial-proglacial drainage system, Inglefield Land, northwest Greenland Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.jag.2021.102647
- The modelled liquid water balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet C. Steger et al. 10.5194/tc-11-2507-2017
- Surface meltwater runoff on the Greenland ice sheet estimated from remotely sensed supraglacial lake infilling rate K. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111459
- Recent changes in drainage route and outburst magnitude of the Russell Glacier ice-dammed lake, West Greenland M. Dømgaard et al. 10.5194/tc-17-1373-2023
- Chemical weathering across the western foreland of the Greenland Ice Sheet K. Deuerling et al. 10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.025
- A unified model for transient subglacial water pressure and basal sliding V. Tsai et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.103
- Greenland Ice Sheet Rainfall, Heat and Albedo Feedback Impacts From the Mid‐August 2021 Atmospheric River J. Box et al. 10.1029/2021GL097356
- Observed sediment and solute transport from the Kangerlussuaq sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet (2006–2016) B. Hasholt et al. 10.1080/15230430.2018.1433789
- Drivers of Firn Density on the Greenland Ice Sheet Revealed by Weather Station Observations and Modeling B. Vandecrux et al. 10.1029/2017JF004597
- Greenland Ice Sheet surface melt amplified by snowline migration and bare ice exposure J. Ryan et al. 10.1126/sciadv.aav3738
- Greenland ice sheet climate disequilibrium and committed sea-level rise J. Box et al. 10.1038/s41558-022-01441-2
- Meltwater storage in low-density near-surface bare ice in the Greenland ice sheet ablation zone M. Cooper et al. 10.5194/tc-12-955-2018
- Dissolved Carbon Dynamics in Meltwaters From the Russell Glacier, Greenland Ice Sheet M. Andrews et al. 10.1029/2018JG004458
- Supraglacial Streams and Rivers L. Pitcher & L. Smith 10.1146/annurev-earth-053018-060212
- Mg and Li Stable Isotope Ratios of Rocks, Minerals, and Water in an Outlet Glacier of the Greenland Ice Sheet R. Hindshaw et al. 10.3389/feart.2019.00316
- Heterogeneous CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> content of glacial meltwater from the Greenland Ice Sheet and implications for subglacial carbon processes A. Pain et al. 10.5194/tc-15-1627-2021
Discussed (final revised paper)
Discussed (preprint)
Latest update: 23 Nov 2024
Short summary
The Greenland ice sheet melts faster in a warmer climate. The ice sheet is flatter at high elevation, therefore atmospheric warming increases the melt area exponentially. For current climate conditions, we find that the ice sheet shape amplifies the total meltwater generation by roughly 60 %. Meltwater is not stored underneath the ice sheet, as previously found, but it does take multiple days for it to pass through the seasonally developing subglacial drainage channels, moderating discharge.
The Greenland ice sheet melts faster in a warmer climate. The ice sheet is flatter at high...
Special issue