Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Aug 2016
Research article |
| 11 Aug 2016
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region
Wenli Wang
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing, China
Annette Rinke
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing, China
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research (AWI), Potsdam, Germany
John C. Moore
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing, China
College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing, China
Xuefeng Cui
School of System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Shushi Peng
The Laboratory of Glaciology, French National Center for Scientific Research, Grenoble, France
Université Grenoble Alpes, LGGE, Grenoble, France
Climate and Environment Sciences Laboratory, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, French National Center for
Scientific Research, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Saclay, France
David M. Lawrence
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA
A. David McGuire
US Geological Survey, Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
Eleanor J. Burke
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Xiaodong Chen
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Bertrand Decharme
Groupe d'étude de l'Atmosphère Météorologique, Unité mixte de recherche CNRS/Meteo-France, Toulouse cedex,
France
Charles Koven
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Andrew MacDougall
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria,
BC, Canada
Kazuyuki Saito
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
Wenxin Zhang
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund
University, Lund, Sweden
Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and
Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Ramdane Alkama
Groupe d'étude de l'Atmosphère Météorologique, Unité mixte de recherche CNRS/Meteo-France, Toulouse cedex,
France
L'Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), Ispra, Italy
Theodore J. Bohn
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University,
Tempe, AZ, USA
Philippe Ciais
Climate and Environment Sciences Laboratory, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, French National Center for
Scientific Research, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Saclay, France
Christine Delire
Groupe d'étude de l'Atmosphère Météorologique, Unité mixte de recherche CNRS/Meteo-France, Toulouse cedex,
France
Isabelle Gouttevin
The Laboratory of Glaciology, French National Center for Scientific Research, Grenoble, France
Tomohiro Hajima
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Gerhard Krinner
The Laboratory of Glaciology, French National Center for Scientific Research, Grenoble, France
Université Grenoble Alpes, LGGE, Grenoble, France
Dennis P. Lettenmaier
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University,
Tempe, AZ, USA
Paul A. Miller
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund
University, Lund, Sweden
Benjamin Smith
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund
University, Lund, Sweden
Tetsuo Sueyoshi
National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan
Artem B. Sherstiukov
All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological
Information – World Data Centre, Obninsk, Russia
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Cited
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The thermal effect of snow cover on ground surface temperature in the Northern Hemisphere X. Peng et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad30a5
- Applicability of the ecosystem type approach to model permafrost dynamics across the Alaska North Slope D. Nicolsky et al. 10.1002/2016JF003852
- Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Difference between Soil and Air Temperatures on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Using Reanalysis Data Products X. Wang & R. Chen 10.3390/rs15071894
- Inconsistency and correction of manually observed ground surface temperatures over snow-covered regions B. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109518
- Determining the main factors impacting the differences between soil and air temperatures over China X. Wang et al. 10.1002/joc.7899
- The importance of interactions between snow, permafrost and vegetation dynamics in affecting terrestrial carbon balance in circumpolar regions Y. Xu & Q. Zhuang 10.1088/1748-9326/acc1f7
- Effects of organic soil in the Noah-MP land-surface model on simulated skin and soil temperature profiles and surface energy exchanges for China G. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105284
- Evaluating permafrost physics in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) models and their sensitivity to climate change E. Burke et al. 10.5194/tc-14-3155-2020
- Quantifying the influencing factors of the thermal state of permafrost in Northeast China X. Jin et al. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117003
- Simulating generic agrivoltaic systems with ORCHIDEE: Model development and multi-case study insights L. Rapella et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110589
- Seasonal soil freeze/thaw variability across North America via ensemble land surface modeling M. Moradi et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103806
- Dependence of the evolution of carbon dynamics in the northern permafrost region on the trajectory of climate change A. McGuire et al. 10.1073/pnas.1719903115
- Modeling subgrid lake energy balance in ORCHIDEE terrestrial scheme using the FLake lake model A. Bernus & C. Ottlé 10.5194/gmd-15-4275-2022
- WetCH4: a machine-learning-based upscaling of methane fluxes of northern wetlands during 2016–2022 Q. Ying et al. 10.5194/essd-17-2507-2025
- Model-data fusion to assess year-round CO2 fluxes for an arctic heath ecosystem in West Greenland (69°N) W. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.02.021
- New methods for calculating bare soil land surface temperature over mountainous terrain Y. Yang et al. 10.1007/s11629-016-4306-7
- Permafrost variability over the Northern Hemisphere based on the MERRA-2 reanalysis J. Tao et al. 10.5194/tc-13-2087-2019
- Soil moisture and hydrology projections of the permafrost region – a model intercomparison C. Andresen et al. 10.5194/tc-14-445-2020
- Impact of snow thermal conductivity schemes on pan-Arctic permafrost dynamics in the Community Land Model version 5.0 A. Damseaux et al. 10.5194/tc-19-1539-2025
- Characterizing Surface Albedo of Shallow Fresh Snow and Its Importance for Snow Ablation on the Interior of the Tibetan Plateau W. Wang et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-19-0193.1
- Model simulations of arctic biogeochemistry and permafrost extent are highly sensitive to the implemented snow scheme in LPJ-GUESS A. Pongracz et al. 10.5194/bg-18-5767-2021
- Mitigation of Arctic permafrost carbon loss through stratospheric aerosol geoengineering Y. Chen et al. 10.1038/s41467-020-16357-8
- Does tall vegetation warm or cool the ground surface? Constraining the ground thermal impacts of upright vegetation in northern environments R. Way & C. Lapalme 10.1088/1748-9326/abef31
- Effects of multilayer snow scheme on the simulation of snow: Offline Noah and coupled with NCEPCFSv2 S. Saha et al. 10.1002/2016MS000845
- Comparison of ground temperature and permafrost conditions in the Arctic simulated by land surface process models of different complexity J. MORI et al. 10.5331/bgr.23A02
- ORCHIDEE-MICT (v8.4.1), a land surface model for the high latitudes: model description and validation M. Guimberteau et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-121-2018
- Recent Changes in the ISBA‐CTRIP Land Surface System for Use in the CNRM‐CM6 Climate Model and in Global Off‐Line Hydrological Applications B. Decharme et al. 10.1029/2018MS001545
- Snow-Covered Soil Temperature Retrieval in Canadian Arctic Permafrost Areas, Using a Land Surface Scheme Informed with Satellite Remote Sensing Data N. Marchand et al. 10.3390/rs10111703
- Changes in the Response of the Northern Hemisphere Carbon Uptake to Temperature Over the Last Three Decades Y. Yin et al. 10.1029/2018GL077316
- Effects of short-term variability of meteorological variables on soil temperature in permafrost regions C. Beer et al. 10.5194/tc-12-741-2018
- An ecological barrier between the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains maintains the disjunct distribution of Roscoea D. Li et al. 10.1111/jbi.13729
- The critical benefits of snowpack insulation and snowmelt for winter wheat productivity P. Zhu et al. 10.1038/s41558-022-01327-3
- Impact of measured and simulated tundra snowpack properties on heat transfer V. Dutch et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4201-2022
- Response of abiotic soil CO2 flux to the difference in air-soil temperature in a desert Y. Gao et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147377
- Vegetation can strongly regulate permafrost degradation at its southern edge through changing surface freeze-thaw processes W. Guo et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.01.010
- Impacts of snow on soil temperature observed across the circumpolar north Y. Zhang et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aab1e7
- Observed Decrease in Soil and Atmosphere Temperature Coupling in Recent Decades Over Northern Eurasia L. Chen et al. 10.1029/2021GL092500
- Northern-high-latitude permafrost and terrestrial carbon response to two solar geoengineering scenarios Y. Chen et al. 10.5194/esd-14-55-2023
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The thermal effect of snow cover on ground surface temperature in the Northern Hemisphere X. Peng et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad30a5
- Applicability of the ecosystem type approach to model permafrost dynamics across the Alaska North Slope D. Nicolsky et al. 10.1002/2016JF003852
- Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Difference between Soil and Air Temperatures on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Using Reanalysis Data Products X. Wang & R. Chen 10.3390/rs15071894
- Inconsistency and correction of manually observed ground surface temperatures over snow-covered regions B. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109518
- Determining the main factors impacting the differences between soil and air temperatures over China X. Wang et al. 10.1002/joc.7899
- The importance of interactions between snow, permafrost and vegetation dynamics in affecting terrestrial carbon balance in circumpolar regions Y. Xu & Q. Zhuang 10.1088/1748-9326/acc1f7
- Effects of organic soil in the Noah-MP land-surface model on simulated skin and soil temperature profiles and surface energy exchanges for China G. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105284
- Evaluating permafrost physics in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) models and their sensitivity to climate change E. Burke et al. 10.5194/tc-14-3155-2020
- Quantifying the influencing factors of the thermal state of permafrost in Northeast China X. Jin et al. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117003
- Simulating generic agrivoltaic systems with ORCHIDEE: Model development and multi-case study insights L. Rapella et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110589
- Seasonal soil freeze/thaw variability across North America via ensemble land surface modeling M. Moradi et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103806
- Dependence of the evolution of carbon dynamics in the northern permafrost region on the trajectory of climate change A. McGuire et al. 10.1073/pnas.1719903115
- Modeling subgrid lake energy balance in ORCHIDEE terrestrial scheme using the FLake lake model A. Bernus & C. Ottlé 10.5194/gmd-15-4275-2022
- WetCH4: a machine-learning-based upscaling of methane fluxes of northern wetlands during 2016–2022 Q. Ying et al. 10.5194/essd-17-2507-2025
- Model-data fusion to assess year-round CO2 fluxes for an arctic heath ecosystem in West Greenland (69°N) W. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.02.021
- New methods for calculating bare soil land surface temperature over mountainous terrain Y. Yang et al. 10.1007/s11629-016-4306-7
- Permafrost variability over the Northern Hemisphere based on the MERRA-2 reanalysis J. Tao et al. 10.5194/tc-13-2087-2019
- Soil moisture and hydrology projections of the permafrost region – a model intercomparison C. Andresen et al. 10.5194/tc-14-445-2020
- Impact of snow thermal conductivity schemes on pan-Arctic permafrost dynamics in the Community Land Model version 5.0 A. Damseaux et al. 10.5194/tc-19-1539-2025
- Characterizing Surface Albedo of Shallow Fresh Snow and Its Importance for Snow Ablation on the Interior of the Tibetan Plateau W. Wang et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-19-0193.1
- Model simulations of arctic biogeochemistry and permafrost extent are highly sensitive to the implemented snow scheme in LPJ-GUESS A. Pongracz et al. 10.5194/bg-18-5767-2021
- Mitigation of Arctic permafrost carbon loss through stratospheric aerosol geoengineering Y. Chen et al. 10.1038/s41467-020-16357-8
- Does tall vegetation warm or cool the ground surface? Constraining the ground thermal impacts of upright vegetation in northern environments R. Way & C. Lapalme 10.1088/1748-9326/abef31
- Effects of multilayer snow scheme on the simulation of snow: Offline Noah and coupled with NCEPCFSv2 S. Saha et al. 10.1002/2016MS000845
- Comparison of ground temperature and permafrost conditions in the Arctic simulated by land surface process models of different complexity J. MORI et al. 10.5331/bgr.23A02
- ORCHIDEE-MICT (v8.4.1), a land surface model for the high latitudes: model description and validation M. Guimberteau et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-121-2018
- Recent Changes in the ISBA‐CTRIP Land Surface System for Use in the CNRM‐CM6 Climate Model and in Global Off‐Line Hydrological Applications B. Decharme et al. 10.1029/2018MS001545
- Snow-Covered Soil Temperature Retrieval in Canadian Arctic Permafrost Areas, Using a Land Surface Scheme Informed with Satellite Remote Sensing Data N. Marchand et al. 10.3390/rs10111703
- Changes in the Response of the Northern Hemisphere Carbon Uptake to Temperature Over the Last Three Decades Y. Yin et al. 10.1029/2018GL077316
- Effects of short-term variability of meteorological variables on soil temperature in permafrost regions C. Beer et al. 10.5194/tc-12-741-2018
- An ecological barrier between the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains maintains the disjunct distribution of Roscoea D. Li et al. 10.1111/jbi.13729
- The critical benefits of snowpack insulation and snowmelt for winter wheat productivity P. Zhu et al. 10.1038/s41558-022-01327-3
- Impact of measured and simulated tundra snowpack properties on heat transfer V. Dutch et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4201-2022
- Response of abiotic soil CO2 flux to the difference in air-soil temperature in a desert Y. Gao et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147377
- Vegetation can strongly regulate permafrost degradation at its southern edge through changing surface freeze-thaw processes W. Guo et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.01.010
- Impacts of snow on soil temperature observed across the circumpolar north Y. Zhang et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aab1e7
- Observed Decrease in Soil and Atmosphere Temperature Coupling in Recent Decades Over Northern Eurasia L. Chen et al. 10.1029/2021GL092500
- Northern-high-latitude permafrost and terrestrial carbon response to two solar geoengineering scenarios Y. Chen et al. 10.5194/esd-14-55-2023
Latest update: 27 Jul 2025
Short summary
The winter snow insulation is a key process for air–soil temperature coupling and is relevant for permafrost simulations. Differences in simulated air–soil temperature relationships and their modulation by climate conditions are found to be related to the snow model physics. Generally, models with better performance apply multilayer snow schemes.
The winter snow insulation is a key process for air–soil temperature coupling and is relevant...
