Articles | Volume 8, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-521-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-521-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Mar 2014
Research article |
| 27 Mar 2014
Modeling bulk density and snow water equivalent using daily snow depth observations
J. L. McCreight
Aerospace Engineering Sciences, Campus Box 399, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
E. E. Small
Department of Geology, Campus Box 399, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Cited
45 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Mapping snow density through thermal inertia observations R. Colombo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113323
- Spatially distributed snow depth, bulk density, and snow water equivalent from ground-based and airborne sensor integration at Grand Mesa, Colorado, USA T. Meehan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3253-2024
- Modeling blowing snow accumulation downwind of an obstruction: The Ohara Eulerian particle distribution equation N. Kinar https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020731
- Geometric Model of GNSS-MR Snow Depth Retrieval Under Terrain Slope and Undulation X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3584087
- GNSS-R-Based Snow Water Equivalent Estimation with Empirical Modeling and Enhanced SNR-Based Snow Depth Estimation K. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233905
- Integrated evaluation of snow density reanalysis products in the Northern Hemisphere Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135071
- Towards large-scale daily snow density mapping with spatiotemporally aware model and multi-source data H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-33-2023
- Assessment of the cascade of uncertainty in future snow depth projections across watersheds of mountainous, foothill, and plain areas in northern latitudes M. Zaremehrjardy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125735
- Expanding the range of snow water equivalent retrieval based on vertical combined GNSS receivers K. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117292
- Simple estimation of snow density in an Alpine region A. Pistocchi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.03.004
- Calibration of snow parameters in SWAT: comparison of three approaches in the Upper Adige River basin (Italy) Y. Tuo et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1439172
- Impact of GPS Processing on the Estimation of Snow Water Equivalent Using Refracted GPS Signals L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2934016
- A model for the snow water equivalent derived from stratigraphy observations in northern Sweden C. Johansson & S. Ingvander https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.120
- NH-SWE: Northern Hemisphere Snow Water Equivalent dataset based on in situ snow depth time series A. Fontrodona-Bach et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2577-2023
- Comparing Extreme Value Estimation Techniques for Short-Term Snow Accumulations K. Pomeyie et al. https://doi.org/10.6339/23-JDS1086
- Near Real-Time Measurement of Snow Water Equivalent in the Nepal Himalayas J. Kirkham et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00177
- An assessment of sub-snow GPS for quantification of snow water equivalent L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3161-2018
- Snow water equivalents exclusively from snow depths and their temporal changes: the Δsnow model M. Winkler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1165-2021
- Effects of Arctic Wetland Dynamics on Tower-Based GNSS Reflectometry Observations L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3129604
- Comparison of five snow water equivalent estimation methods across categories H. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13129
- An empirical model to calculate snow depth from daily snow water equivalent: SWE2HS 1.0 J. Aschauer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4063-2023
- LiDAR measurement of seasonal snow accumulation along an elevation gradient in the southern Sierra Nevada, California P. Kirchner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4261-2014
- Estimation of snow bulk density and snow water equivalent on the Tibetan Plateau using snow cover duration and snow depth Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101473
- Bootstrap Methods for Bias-Correcting Probability Distribution Parameters Characterizing Extreme Snow Accumulations K. Pomeyie & B. Bean https://doi.org/10.3390/glacies1010004
- Developing and Testing Models for Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation with GNSS-R Delay Doppler Maps and Delay Waveforms J. Bu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223760
- Analysis and modelling of snow bulk density in the Tyrolean Alps J. Schöber et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.132
- Snow Density retrieval using Hybrid polarimetric RISAT-1 datasets S. Awasthi et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.2991156
- Estimating the snow water equivalent from snow depth measurements in the Italian Alps N. Guyennon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102859
- Estimating Ground Snow Load Based on Ground Snow Depth and Climatological Elements for Snow Hazard Assessment in Northeastern China H. Mo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-022-00443-0
- Snow as a contributor to spring flooding in Belarus A. Meshyk et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09638-8
- Converting snow depth to snow water equivalent using climatological variables D. Hill et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1767-2019
- Using artificial neural networks to estimate snow water equivalent from snow depth J. Odry et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2020.1796817
- Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent H. Bonner et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14475
- A multi-objective approach to improve SWAT model calibration in alpine catchments Y. Tuo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.02.055
- A New Snow Density Parameterization for Land Data Initialization N. Dawson et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0166.1
- Characterizing permafrost active layer dynamics and sensitivity to landscape spatial heterogeneity in Alaska Y. Yi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-145-2018
- Comparison of bulk snow density measurements using different methods H. Su et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.005
- GNSS-R snow depth retrieval algorithm based on PSO-LSTM Y. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad356a
- Snowpack relative permittivity and density derived from near‐coincident lidar and ground‐penetrating radar R. Bonnell et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14996
- Density-Regulated Snow Depth–Snow Water Equivalent Scaling Under Thermodynamic and Accumulation Perturbations K. Rakhymbek et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16073476
- Influence of stress, temperature and crystal morphology on isothermal densification and specific surface area decrease of new snow S. Schleef et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1825-2014
- Spatial and temporal variability in snow density across the Northern Hemisphere W. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107445
- Creating a Universal Depth-to-Load Conversion Technique for the Conterminous United States Using Random Forests J. Wheeler et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000270
- Investigating snowpack across scale in the northern Great Lakes–St. Lawrence forest region of Central Ontario, Canada A. Beaton et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13558
- Seasonal evolution of snow density and its impact on thermal regime of sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition Y. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-6001-2025
45 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Mapping snow density through thermal inertia observations R. Colombo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113323
- Spatially distributed snow depth, bulk density, and snow water equivalent from ground-based and airborne sensor integration at Grand Mesa, Colorado, USA T. Meehan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3253-2024
- Modeling blowing snow accumulation downwind of an obstruction: The Ohara Eulerian particle distribution equation N. Kinar https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020731
- Geometric Model of GNSS-MR Snow Depth Retrieval Under Terrain Slope and Undulation X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3584087
- GNSS-R-Based Snow Water Equivalent Estimation with Empirical Modeling and Enhanced SNR-Based Snow Depth Estimation K. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233905
- Integrated evaluation of snow density reanalysis products in the Northern Hemisphere Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135071
- Towards large-scale daily snow density mapping with spatiotemporally aware model and multi-source data H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-33-2023
- Assessment of the cascade of uncertainty in future snow depth projections across watersheds of mountainous, foothill, and plain areas in northern latitudes M. Zaremehrjardy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125735
- Expanding the range of snow water equivalent retrieval based on vertical combined GNSS receivers K. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117292
- Simple estimation of snow density in an Alpine region A. Pistocchi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.03.004
- Calibration of snow parameters in SWAT: comparison of three approaches in the Upper Adige River basin (Italy) Y. Tuo et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1439172
- Impact of GPS Processing on the Estimation of Snow Water Equivalent Using Refracted GPS Signals L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2934016
- A model for the snow water equivalent derived from stratigraphy observations in northern Sweden C. Johansson & S. Ingvander https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.120
- NH-SWE: Northern Hemisphere Snow Water Equivalent dataset based on in situ snow depth time series A. Fontrodona-Bach et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2577-2023
- Comparing Extreme Value Estimation Techniques for Short-Term Snow Accumulations K. Pomeyie et al. https://doi.org/10.6339/23-JDS1086
- Near Real-Time Measurement of Snow Water Equivalent in the Nepal Himalayas J. Kirkham et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00177
- An assessment of sub-snow GPS for quantification of snow water equivalent L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3161-2018
- Snow water equivalents exclusively from snow depths and their temporal changes: the Δsnow model M. Winkler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1165-2021
- Effects of Arctic Wetland Dynamics on Tower-Based GNSS Reflectometry Observations L. Steiner et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3129604
- Comparison of five snow water equivalent estimation methods across categories H. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13129
- An empirical model to calculate snow depth from daily snow water equivalent: SWE2HS 1.0 J. Aschauer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4063-2023
- LiDAR measurement of seasonal snow accumulation along an elevation gradient in the southern Sierra Nevada, California P. Kirchner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4261-2014
- Estimation of snow bulk density and snow water equivalent on the Tibetan Plateau using snow cover duration and snow depth Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101473
- Bootstrap Methods for Bias-Correcting Probability Distribution Parameters Characterizing Extreme Snow Accumulations K. Pomeyie & B. Bean https://doi.org/10.3390/glacies1010004
- Developing and Testing Models for Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation with GNSS-R Delay Doppler Maps and Delay Waveforms J. Bu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223760
- Analysis and modelling of snow bulk density in the Tyrolean Alps J. Schöber et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.132
- Snow Density retrieval using Hybrid polarimetric RISAT-1 datasets S. Awasthi et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.2991156
- Estimating the snow water equivalent from snow depth measurements in the Italian Alps N. Guyennon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102859
- Estimating Ground Snow Load Based on Ground Snow Depth and Climatological Elements for Snow Hazard Assessment in Northeastern China H. Mo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-022-00443-0
- Snow as a contributor to spring flooding in Belarus A. Meshyk et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09638-8
- Converting snow depth to snow water equivalent using climatological variables D. Hill et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1767-2019
- Using artificial neural networks to estimate snow water equivalent from snow depth J. Odry et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2020.1796817
- Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent H. Bonner et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14475
- A multi-objective approach to improve SWAT model calibration in alpine catchments Y. Tuo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.02.055
- A New Snow Density Parameterization for Land Data Initialization N. Dawson et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0166.1
- Characterizing permafrost active layer dynamics and sensitivity to landscape spatial heterogeneity in Alaska Y. Yi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-145-2018
- Comparison of bulk snow density measurements using different methods H. Su et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.07.005
- GNSS-R snow depth retrieval algorithm based on PSO-LSTM Y. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad356a
- Snowpack relative permittivity and density derived from near‐coincident lidar and ground‐penetrating radar R. Bonnell et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14996
- Density-Regulated Snow Depth–Snow Water Equivalent Scaling Under Thermodynamic and Accumulation Perturbations K. Rakhymbek et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16073476
- Influence of stress, temperature and crystal morphology on isothermal densification and specific surface area decrease of new snow S. Schleef et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1825-2014
- Spatial and temporal variability in snow density across the Northern Hemisphere W. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107445
- Creating a Universal Depth-to-Load Conversion Technique for the Conterminous United States Using Random Forests J. Wheeler et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000270
- Investigating snowpack across scale in the northern Great Lakes–St. Lawrence forest region of Central Ontario, Canada A. Beaton et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13558
- Seasonal evolution of snow density and its impact on thermal regime of sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition Y. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-6001-2025
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