Articles | Volume 8, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2075-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2075-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Nov 2014
Research article |
| 17 Nov 2014
Hydrostatic grounding line parameterization in ice sheet models
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive MS 300-323, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA
M. Morlighem
University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science, Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-3100, USA
E. Larour
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive MS 300-323, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA
E. Rignot
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive MS 300-323, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA
University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science, Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-3100, USA
A. Khazendar
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive MS 300-323, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 5,783 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 24 Jun 2014)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,584 | 1,898 | 301 | 5,783 | 334 | 371 |
- HTML: 3,584
- PDF: 1,898
- XML: 301
- Total: 5,783
- BibTeX: 334
- EndNote: 371
Total article views: 4,808 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 17 Nov 2014)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,080 | 1,447 | 281 | 4,808 | 320 | 361 |
- HTML: 3,080
- PDF: 1,447
- XML: 281
- Total: 4,808
- BibTeX: 320
- EndNote: 361
Total article views: 975 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 24 Jun 2014)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 504 | 451 | 20 | 975 | 14 | 10 |
- HTML: 504
- PDF: 451
- XML: 20
- Total: 975
- BibTeX: 14
- EndNote: 10
Cited
91 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Neutral equilibrium and forcing feedbacks in marine ice sheet modelling R. Gladstone et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3605-2018
- Assessment of sub-shelf melting parameterisations using the ocean–ice-sheet coupled model NEMO(v3.6)–Elmer/Ice(v8.3) L. Favier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2255-2019
- Estimation of the state and parameters in ice sheet model using an ensemble Kalman filter and Observing System Simulation Experiments Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-5423-2025
- Grounding-line dynamics in a Stokes ice-flow model (Elmer/Ice v9.0): improved numerical stability allows larger time steps A. Henry et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7817-2026
- The Impact of Variable Ocean Temperatures on Totten Glacier Stability and Discharge F. McCormack et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091790
- Modeling the Response of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden and Zachariae Isstrøm Glaciers, Greenland, to Ocean Forcing Over the Next Century Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075174
- Sensitivity of centennial mass loss projections of the Amundsen basin to the friction law J. Brondex et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-177-2019
- Sensitivity of ice sheet surface velocity and elevation to variations in basal friction and topography in the full Stokes and shallow-shelf approximation frameworks using adjoint equations G. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-715-2021
- Short and Long-term Grounding Zone Dynamics of Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3971-2025
- A Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method for Shallow Ice Shelves. 1: Shallow Shelf Approximation and Ice Thickness Evolution A. Huth et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002277
- A scalability study of the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM, version 4.18) Y. Fischler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3753-2022
- Calculations of extreme sea level rise scenarios are strongly dependent on ice sheet model resolution C. Williams et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02010-z
- Modelling calving front dynamics using a level-set method: application to Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland J. Bondzio et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-497-2016
- Present day Jakobshavn Isbræ (West Greenland) close to the Holocene minimum extent K. Kajanto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106492
- Comparative simulations of the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet under simplified Paris Agreement scenarios with the models SICOPOLIS and ISSM M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2018.12.003
- A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model T. Dias dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022
- Two-dimensional prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams from the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap Y. Konovalov & O. Nagornov https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/788/1/012051
- Current state and future perspectives on coupled ice-sheet – sea-level modelling B. de Boer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.05.013
- Subglacial water amplifies Antarctic contributions to sea-level rise C. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58375-4
- The West Antarctic Ice Sheet may not be vulnerable to marine ice cliff instability during the 21st century M. Morlighem et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ado7794
- Importance of ice elasticity in simulating tide-induced grounding line variations along prograde bed slopes N. Ross et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1995-2025
- Assimilation of surface observations in a transient marine ice sheet model using an ensemble Kalman filter F. Gillet-Chaulet https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-811-2020
- Instantaneous Antarctic ice sheet mass loss driven by thinning ice shelves G. Gudmundsson et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085027
- Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future B. Hamlington et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RG000672
- Adaptive mesh refinement versus subgrid friction interpolation in simulations of Antarctic ice dynamics S. Cornford et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2016.13
- Sensitivity of the future evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to grounding-line melt parameterizations Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5117-2024
- Representation of basal melting at the grounding line in ice flow models H. Seroussi & M. Morlighem https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3085-2018
- Projections of Future Sea Level Contributions from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets: Challenges Beyond Dynamical Ice Sheet Modeling S. Nowicki & H. Seroussi https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2018.216
- Exploring the impact of atmospheric forcing and basal drag on the Antarctic Ice Sheet under Last Glacial Maximum conditions J. Blasco et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-215-2021
- Geometric controls of tidewater glacier dynamics T. Frank et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-581-2022
- The Influence of Pine Island Ice Shelf Calving on Basal Melting A. Bradley et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018621
- The effect of overshooting 1.5 °C global warming on the mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1169-2018
- Ice dynamics will remain a primary driver of Greenland ice sheet mass loss over the next century Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00092-z
- ‘Stable’ and ‘unstable’ are not useful descriptions of marine ice sheets in the Earth's climate system O. Sergienko & M. Haseloff https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.40
- ISMIP6-based projections of ocean-forced Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution using the Community Ice Sheet Model W. Lipscomb et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-633-2021
- Mapping the Sensitivity of the Amundsen Sea Embayment to Changes in External Forcings Using Automatic Differentiation M. Morlighem et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095440
- Uncertainty in the projected Antarctic contribution to sea level due to internal climate variability J. Caillet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-293-2025
- Retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, over the next 100 years using various ice flow models, ice shelf melt scenarios and basal friction laws H. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3861-2018
- Surface expression of low basal friction upstream of Antarctic grounding lines E. Stewart et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2026.10054
- Reinforced ridges in Thwaites Glacier yield insights into resolution requirements for coupled ice sheet and solid Earth models L. Houriez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4355-2025
- Assessing the sensitivity of the Vanderford Glacier, East Antarctica, to basal melt and calving L. Bird et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-955-2025
- Brief communication: Impact of mesh resolution for MISMIP and MISMIP3d experiments using Elmer/Ice O. Gagliardini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-307-2016
- Development and Benchmarking of the Shallow Shelf Approximation Ice Sheet Dynamics Module Y. Baek et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-023-00120-3
- Modelling dynamic ice-sheet boundaries and grounding line migration using the level set method M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.45
- The stability of present-day Antarctic grounding lines – Part 1: No indication of marine ice sheet instability in the current geometry E. Hill et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3739-2023
- Sensitivity of the Ross Ice Shelf to environmental and glaciological controls F. Baldacchino et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3723-2022
- Exploring grid sensitivity in an ice sheet model: A case study of the Amery Ice Shelf Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.12.001
- A full Stokes subgrid scheme in two dimensions for simulation of grounding line migration in ice sheets using Elmer/ICE (v8.3) G. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2245-2020
- Implementation and performance of adaptive mesh refinement in the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM v4.14) T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-215-2019
- Marine ice sheet model performance depends on basal sliding physics and sub-shelf melting R. Gladstone et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-319-2017
- Control of Ocean Temperature on Jakobshavn Isbræ's Present and Future Mass Loss J. Bondzio et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079827
- The sensitivity of West Antarctica to the submarine melting feedback R. Arthern & C. Williams https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072514
- Disentangling the oceanic drivers behind the post-2000 retreat of Sermeq Kujalleq, Greenland (Jakobshavn Isbræ) Z. Rashed et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1775-2025
- Sensitivity of grounding line dynamics to the choice of the friction law J. BRONDEX et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.51
- Exploration of Antarctic Ice Sheet 100-year contribution to sea level rise and associated model uncertainties using the ISSM framework N. Schlegel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3511-2018
- The Utrecht Finite Volume Ice-Sheet Model (UFEMISM) version 2.0 – Part 1: Description and idealised experiments C. Berends et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3635-2025
- Uncertain ground: impact of bed topography on Antarctic Ice Sheet projections J. Caillet et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0543
- Ice mass loss sensitivity to the Antarctic ice sheet basal thermal state E. Dawson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32632-2
- Variational formulation of marine ice-sheet and subglacial-lake grounding-line dynamics A. Stubblefield et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.394
- Progress in Numerical Modeling of Antarctic Ice-Sheet Dynamics F. Pattyn et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-017-0069-7
- Projecting Antarctica's contribution to future sea level rise from basal ice shelf melt using linear response functions of 16 ice sheet models (LARMIP-2) A. Levermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-35-2020
- Historically consistent mass loss projections of the Greenland ice sheet C. Rahlves et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1205-2025
- Mechanics and dynamics of pinning points on the Shirase Coast, West Antarctica H. Still & C. Hulbe https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2647-2021
- Marine ice sheet experiments with the Community Ice Sheet Model G. Leguy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3229-2021
- Widespread Grounding Line Retreat of Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, Over the 21st Century T. Pelle et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093213
- Holocene warmth explains the Little Ice Age advance of Sermeq Kujalleq K. Kajanto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108840
- The transferability of adjoint inversion products between different ice flow models J. Barnes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1975-2021
- Future Projections of Petermann Glacier Under Ocean Warming Depend Strongly on Friction Law H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005921
- Iceberg calving of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica: full-Stokes modeling combined with linear elastic fracture mechanics H. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1283-2017
- Remote sensing of glacier and ice sheet grounding lines: A review P. Friedl et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102948
- A kinematic formalism for tracking ice–ocean mass exchange on the Earth's surface and estimating sea-level change S. Adhikari et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2819-2020
- Assessment of numerical schemes for transient, finite-element ice flow models using ISSM v4.18 T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2545-2021
- Coupled ice–ocean interactions during future retreat of West Antarctic ice streams in the Amundsen Sea sector D. Bett et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2653-2024
- Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Yelmo (version 1.0) A. Robinson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2805-2020
- Drivers of Change of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, Between 1995 and 2015 T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093102
- MPAS-Albany Land Ice (MALI): a variable-resolution ice sheet model for Earth system modeling using Voronoi grids M. Hoffman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3747-2018
- Atmosphere-driven ice sheet mass loss paced by topography: Insights from modelling the south-western Scandinavian Ice Sheet H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.004
- Anisotropic metric-based mesh adaptation for ice flow modelling in Firedrake D. Dundovic et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4023-2025
- Petermann ice shelf may not recover after a future breakup H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29529-5
- Simulating surface height and terminus position for marine outlet glaciers using a level set method with data assimilation M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2022.111766
- A comparison of two Stokes ice sheet models applied to the Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for plan view models (MISMIP3d) T. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-179-2017
- Diagnosing the sensitivity of grounding-line flux to changes in sub-ice-shelf melting T. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3407-2020
- Design and results of the ice sheet model initialisation experiments initMIP-Greenland: an ISMIP6 intercomparison H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018
- Simulating ice thickness and velocity evolution of Upernavik Isstrøm 1849–2012 by forcing prescribed terminus positions in ISSM K. Haubner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1511-2018
- Two-dimensional prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams from the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap Y. Konovalov & O. Nagornov https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-283-2017
- Model insights into bed control on retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica E. Schwans et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.13
- Subglacial discharge accelerates future retreat of Denman and Scott Glaciers, East Antarctica T. Pelle et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi9014
- Results of the third Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (MISMIP+) S. Cornford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2283-2020
- The future sea-level contribution of the Greenland ice sheet: a multi-model ensemble study of ISMIP6 H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3071-2020
- Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) contribution to ISMIP6 Greenland using the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3309-2020
- Experimental design for three interrelated marine ice sheet and ocean model intercomparison projects: MISMIP v. 3 (MISMIP +), ISOMIP v. 2 (ISOMIP +) and MISOMIP v. 1 (MISOMIP1) X. Asay-Davis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2471-2016
91 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Neutral equilibrium and forcing feedbacks in marine ice sheet modelling R. Gladstone et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3605-2018
- Assessment of sub-shelf melting parameterisations using the ocean–ice-sheet coupled model NEMO(v3.6)–Elmer/Ice(v8.3) L. Favier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2255-2019
- Estimation of the state and parameters in ice sheet model using an ensemble Kalman filter and Observing System Simulation Experiments Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-5423-2025
- Grounding-line dynamics in a Stokes ice-flow model (Elmer/Ice v9.0): improved numerical stability allows larger time steps A. Henry et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7817-2026
- The Impact of Variable Ocean Temperatures on Totten Glacier Stability and Discharge F. McCormack et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091790
- Modeling the Response of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden and Zachariae Isstrøm Glaciers, Greenland, to Ocean Forcing Over the Next Century Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075174
- Sensitivity of centennial mass loss projections of the Amundsen basin to the friction law J. Brondex et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-177-2019
- Sensitivity of ice sheet surface velocity and elevation to variations in basal friction and topography in the full Stokes and shallow-shelf approximation frameworks using adjoint equations G. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-715-2021
- Short and Long-term Grounding Zone Dynamics of Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3971-2025
- A Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method for Shallow Ice Shelves. 1: Shallow Shelf Approximation and Ice Thickness Evolution A. Huth et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002277
- A scalability study of the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM, version 4.18) Y. Fischler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3753-2022
- Calculations of extreme sea level rise scenarios are strongly dependent on ice sheet model resolution C. Williams et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02010-z
- Modelling calving front dynamics using a level-set method: application to Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland J. Bondzio et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-497-2016
- Present day Jakobshavn Isbræ (West Greenland) close to the Holocene minimum extent K. Kajanto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106492
- Comparative simulations of the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet under simplified Paris Agreement scenarios with the models SICOPOLIS and ISSM M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2018.12.003
- A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model T. Dias dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022
- Two-dimensional prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams from the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap Y. Konovalov & O. Nagornov https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/788/1/012051
- Current state and future perspectives on coupled ice-sheet – sea-level modelling B. de Boer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.05.013
- Subglacial water amplifies Antarctic contributions to sea-level rise C. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58375-4
- The West Antarctic Ice Sheet may not be vulnerable to marine ice cliff instability during the 21st century M. Morlighem et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ado7794
- Importance of ice elasticity in simulating tide-induced grounding line variations along prograde bed slopes N. Ross et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1995-2025
- Assimilation of surface observations in a transient marine ice sheet model using an ensemble Kalman filter F. Gillet-Chaulet https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-811-2020
- Instantaneous Antarctic ice sheet mass loss driven by thinning ice shelves G. Gudmundsson et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085027
- Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future B. Hamlington et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RG000672
- Adaptive mesh refinement versus subgrid friction interpolation in simulations of Antarctic ice dynamics S. Cornford et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2016.13
- Sensitivity of the future evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to grounding-line melt parameterizations Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5117-2024
- Representation of basal melting at the grounding line in ice flow models H. Seroussi & M. Morlighem https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3085-2018
- Projections of Future Sea Level Contributions from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets: Challenges Beyond Dynamical Ice Sheet Modeling S. Nowicki & H. Seroussi https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2018.216
- Exploring the impact of atmospheric forcing and basal drag on the Antarctic Ice Sheet under Last Glacial Maximum conditions J. Blasco et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-215-2021
- Geometric controls of tidewater glacier dynamics T. Frank et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-581-2022
- The Influence of Pine Island Ice Shelf Calving on Basal Melting A. Bradley et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018621
- The effect of overshooting 1.5 °C global warming on the mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1169-2018
- Ice dynamics will remain a primary driver of Greenland ice sheet mass loss over the next century Y. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00092-z
- ‘Stable’ and ‘unstable’ are not useful descriptions of marine ice sheets in the Earth's climate system O. Sergienko & M. Haseloff https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.40
- ISMIP6-based projections of ocean-forced Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution using the Community Ice Sheet Model W. Lipscomb et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-633-2021
- Mapping the Sensitivity of the Amundsen Sea Embayment to Changes in External Forcings Using Automatic Differentiation M. Morlighem et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095440
- Uncertainty in the projected Antarctic contribution to sea level due to internal climate variability J. Caillet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-293-2025
- Retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, over the next 100 years using various ice flow models, ice shelf melt scenarios and basal friction laws H. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3861-2018
- Surface expression of low basal friction upstream of Antarctic grounding lines E. Stewart et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2026.10054
- Reinforced ridges in Thwaites Glacier yield insights into resolution requirements for coupled ice sheet and solid Earth models L. Houriez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4355-2025
- Assessing the sensitivity of the Vanderford Glacier, East Antarctica, to basal melt and calving L. Bird et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-955-2025
- Brief communication: Impact of mesh resolution for MISMIP and MISMIP3d experiments using Elmer/Ice O. Gagliardini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-307-2016
- Development and Benchmarking of the Shallow Shelf Approximation Ice Sheet Dynamics Module Y. Baek et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-023-00120-3
- Modelling dynamic ice-sheet boundaries and grounding line migration using the level set method M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.45
- The stability of present-day Antarctic grounding lines – Part 1: No indication of marine ice sheet instability in the current geometry E. Hill et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3739-2023
- Sensitivity of the Ross Ice Shelf to environmental and glaciological controls F. Baldacchino et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3723-2022
- Exploring grid sensitivity in an ice sheet model: A case study of the Amery Ice Shelf Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.12.001
- A full Stokes subgrid scheme in two dimensions for simulation of grounding line migration in ice sheets using Elmer/ICE (v8.3) G. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2245-2020
- Implementation and performance of adaptive mesh refinement in the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM v4.14) T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-215-2019
- Marine ice sheet model performance depends on basal sliding physics and sub-shelf melting R. Gladstone et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-319-2017
- Control of Ocean Temperature on Jakobshavn Isbræ's Present and Future Mass Loss J. Bondzio et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079827
- The sensitivity of West Antarctica to the submarine melting feedback R. Arthern & C. Williams https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072514
- Disentangling the oceanic drivers behind the post-2000 retreat of Sermeq Kujalleq, Greenland (Jakobshavn Isbræ) Z. Rashed et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1775-2025
- Sensitivity of grounding line dynamics to the choice of the friction law J. BRONDEX et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.51
- Exploration of Antarctic Ice Sheet 100-year contribution to sea level rise and associated model uncertainties using the ISSM framework N. Schlegel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3511-2018
- The Utrecht Finite Volume Ice-Sheet Model (UFEMISM) version 2.0 – Part 1: Description and idealised experiments C. Berends et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3635-2025
- Uncertain ground: impact of bed topography on Antarctic Ice Sheet projections J. Caillet et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0543
- Ice mass loss sensitivity to the Antarctic ice sheet basal thermal state E. Dawson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32632-2
- Variational formulation of marine ice-sheet and subglacial-lake grounding-line dynamics A. Stubblefield et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.394
- Progress in Numerical Modeling of Antarctic Ice-Sheet Dynamics F. Pattyn et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-017-0069-7
- Projecting Antarctica's contribution to future sea level rise from basal ice shelf melt using linear response functions of 16 ice sheet models (LARMIP-2) A. Levermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-35-2020
- Historically consistent mass loss projections of the Greenland ice sheet C. Rahlves et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1205-2025
- Mechanics and dynamics of pinning points on the Shirase Coast, West Antarctica H. Still & C. Hulbe https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2647-2021
- Marine ice sheet experiments with the Community Ice Sheet Model G. Leguy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3229-2021
- Widespread Grounding Line Retreat of Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, Over the 21st Century T. Pelle et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093213
- Holocene warmth explains the Little Ice Age advance of Sermeq Kujalleq K. Kajanto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108840
- The transferability of adjoint inversion products between different ice flow models J. Barnes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1975-2021
- Future Projections of Petermann Glacier Under Ocean Warming Depend Strongly on Friction Law H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005921
- Iceberg calving of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica: full-Stokes modeling combined with linear elastic fracture mechanics H. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1283-2017
- Remote sensing of glacier and ice sheet grounding lines: A review P. Friedl et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102948
- A kinematic formalism for tracking ice–ocean mass exchange on the Earth's surface and estimating sea-level change S. Adhikari et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2819-2020
- Assessment of numerical schemes for transient, finite-element ice flow models using ISSM v4.18 T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2545-2021
- Coupled ice–ocean interactions during future retreat of West Antarctic ice streams in the Amundsen Sea sector D. Bett et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2653-2024
- Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Yelmo (version 1.0) A. Robinson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2805-2020
- Drivers of Change of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, Between 1995 and 2015 T. dos Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093102
- MPAS-Albany Land Ice (MALI): a variable-resolution ice sheet model for Earth system modeling using Voronoi grids M. Hoffman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3747-2018
- Atmosphere-driven ice sheet mass loss paced by topography: Insights from modelling the south-western Scandinavian Ice Sheet H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.004
- Anisotropic metric-based mesh adaptation for ice flow modelling in Firedrake D. Dundovic et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4023-2025
- Petermann ice shelf may not recover after a future breakup H. Åkesson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29529-5
- Simulating surface height and terminus position for marine outlet glaciers using a level set method with data assimilation M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2022.111766
- A comparison of two Stokes ice sheet models applied to the Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for plan view models (MISMIP3d) T. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-179-2017
- Diagnosing the sensitivity of grounding-line flux to changes in sub-ice-shelf melting T. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3407-2020
- Design and results of the ice sheet model initialisation experiments initMIP-Greenland: an ISMIP6 intercomparison H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018
- Simulating ice thickness and velocity evolution of Upernavik Isstrøm 1849–2012 by forcing prescribed terminus positions in ISSM K. Haubner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1511-2018
- Two-dimensional prognostic experiments for fast-flowing ice streams from the Academy of Sciences Ice Cap Y. Konovalov & O. Nagornov https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-283-2017
- Model insights into bed control on retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica E. Schwans et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.13
- Subglacial discharge accelerates future retreat of Denman and Scott Glaciers, East Antarctica T. Pelle et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi9014
- Results of the third Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (MISMIP+) S. Cornford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2283-2020
- The future sea-level contribution of the Greenland ice sheet: a multi-model ensemble study of ISMIP6 H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3071-2020
- Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) contribution to ISMIP6 Greenland using the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) M. Rückamp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3309-2020
- Experimental design for three interrelated marine ice sheet and ocean model intercomparison projects: MISMIP v. 3 (MISMIP +), ISOMIP v. 2 (ISOMIP +) and MISOMIP v. 1 (MISOMIP1) X. Asay-Davis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2471-2016
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 24 Aug 2026
