Glacier-like forms on Mars

Hubbard, B.; Souness, C.; Brough, S.

doi:10.5194/tc-8-2047-2014

Articles | Volume 8, issue 6

https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2047-2014

© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2047-2014

© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 8, issue 6

Research article

|

05 Nov 2014

Research article |

| 05 Nov 2014

Glacier-like forms on Mars

B. Hubbard, C. Souness, and S. Brough

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Total article views: 32,411 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,702	28,301	408	32,411	252	325

HTML: 3,702
PDF: 28,301
XML: 408
Total: 32,411
BibTeX: 252
EndNote: 325

Views and downloads (calculated since 05 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	242	6,504	15	6,761
Jul 2014	84	7,519	7	7,610
Aug 2014	43	4,909	1	4,953
Sep 2014	26	2,198	4	2,228
Oct 2014	17	1,451	1	1,469
Nov 2014	267	991	10	1,268
Dec 2014	65	801	25	891
Jan 2015	36	410	22	468
Feb 2015	43	51	7	101
Mar 2015	25	81	3	109
Apr 2015	136	45	3	184
May 2015	16	70	0	86
Jun 2015	38	56	1	95
Jul 2015	25	80	0	105
Aug 2015	13	88	1	102
Sep 2015	16	30	1	47
Oct 2015	29	40	8	77
Nov 2015	23	27	2	52
Dec 2015	6	27	1	34
Jan 2016	31	27	2	60
Feb 2016	25	31	1	57
Mar 2016	48	34	24	106
Apr 2016	21	31	1	53
May 2016	10	23	1	34
Jun 2016	9	9	1	19
Jul 2016	14	14	3	31
Aug 2016	18	15	1	34
Sep 2016	19	20	1	40
Oct 2016	12	20	1	33
Nov 2016	10	22	0	32
Dec 2016	9	18	0	27
Jan 2017	23	29	1	53
Feb 2017	44	17	5	66
Mar 2017	55	51	6	112
Apr 2017	52	37	4	93
May 2017	60	21	9	90
Jun 2017	54	21	11	86
Jul 2017	30	15	1	46
Aug 2017	10	20	0	30
Sep 2017	18	33	1	52
Oct 2017	20	22	1	43
Nov 2017	19	37	2	58
Dec 2017	22	32	0	54
Jan 2018	12	28	0	40
Feb 2018	19	22	2	43
Mar 2018	18	26	0	44
Apr 2018	19	24	0	43
May 2018	13	23	2	38
Jun 2018	11	21	0	32
Jul 2018	13	23	2	38
Aug 2018	13	17	1	31
Sep 2018	13	17	3	33
Oct 2018	13	39	3	55
Nov 2018	17	35	1	53
Dec 2018	14	22	2	38
Jan 2019	10	21	0	31
Feb 2019	11	15	1	27
Mar 2019	12	22	1	35
Apr 2019	10	23	0	33
May 2019	13	17	0	30
Jun 2019	8	29	2	39
Jul 2019	13	28	1	42
Aug 2019	11	20	0	31
Sep 2019	12	24	6	42
Oct 2019	15	30	1	46
Nov 2019	26	30	0	56
Dec 2019	24	19	0	43
Jan 2020	11	17	2	30
Feb 2020	13	18	3	34
Mar 2020	19	28	0	47
Apr 2020	14	30	1	45
May 2020	7	15	2	24
Jun 2020	16	13	1	30
Jul 2020	63	46	35	144
Aug 2020	15	8	4	27
Sep 2020	20	8	2	30
Oct 2020	12	13	1	26
Nov 2020	11	11	1	23
Dec 2020	24	14	1	39
Jan 2021	23	20	1	44
Feb 2021	17	19	0	36
Mar 2021	12	23	2	37
Apr 2021	10	11	0	21
May 2021	9	10	1	20
Jun 2021	5	13	0	18
Jul 2021	8	7	0	15
Aug 2021	7	10	2	19
Sep 2021	14	25	0	39
Oct 2021	14	58	0	72
Nov 2021	23	40	0	63
Dec 2021	18	9	2	29
Jan 2022	19	29	1	49
Feb 2022	20	24	1	45
Mar 2022	12	23	1	36
Apr 2022	12	8	0	20
May 2022	12	15	1	28
Jun 2022	13	16	1	30
Jul 2022	11	7	4	22
Aug 2022	11	7	0	18
Sep 2022	12	10	0	22
Oct 2022	19	16	5	40
Nov 2022	33	35	0	68
Dec 2022	24	25	3	52
Jan 2023	20	34	1	55
Feb 2023	18	19	0	37
Mar 2023	25	24	0	49
Apr 2023	14	24	1	39
May 2023	24	33	0	57
Jun 2023	13	15	0	28
Jul 2023	9	14	0	23
Aug 2023	13	5	4	22
Sep 2023	14	22	3	39
Oct 2023	13	21	2	36
Nov 2023	6	8	0	14
Dec 2023	30	30	4	64
Jan 2024	14	31	0	45
Feb 2024	11	26	0	37
Mar 2024	20	35	3	58
Apr 2024	29	34	8	71
May 2024	45	39	18	102
Jun 2024	52	47	4	103
Jul 2024	26	36	16	78
Aug 2024	38	12	0	50
Sep 2024	41	42	17	100
Oct 2024	29	29	8	66
Nov 2024	27	14	0	41
Dec 2024	22	38	1	61
Jan 2025	35	24	3	62
Feb 2025	36	34	2	72
Mar 2025	34	34	1	69
Apr 2025	40	23	0	63
May 2025	43	23	1	67
Jun 2025	46	38	1	85
Jul 2025	28	57	4	89
Aug 2025	66	57	2	125
Sep 2025	61	35	4	100
Oct 2025	23	47	3	73
Nov 2025	31	64	2	97

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 05 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	242	6,504	15	6,761
Jul 2014	84	7,519	7	7,610
Aug 2014	43	4,909	1	4,953
Sep 2014	26	2,198	4	2,228
Oct 2014	17	1,451	1	1,469
Nov 2014	267	991	10	1,268
Dec 2014	65	801	25	891
Jan 2015	36	410	22	468
Feb 2015	43	51	7	101
Mar 2015	25	81	3	109
Apr 2015	136	45	3	184
May 2015	16	70	0	86
Jun 2015	38	56	1	95
Jul 2015	25	80	0	105
Aug 2015	13	88	1	102
Sep 2015	16	30	1	47
Oct 2015	29	40	8	77
Nov 2015	23	27	2	52
Dec 2015	6	27	1	34
Jan 2016	31	27	2	60
Feb 2016	25	31	1	57
Mar 2016	48	34	24	106
Apr 2016	21	31	1	53
May 2016	10	23	1	34
Jun 2016	9	9	1	19
Jul 2016	14	14	3	31
Aug 2016	18	15	1	34
Sep 2016	19	20	1	40
Oct 2016	12	20	1	33
Nov 2016	10	22	0	32
Dec 2016	9	18	0	27
Jan 2017	23	29	1	53
Feb 2017	44	17	5	66
Mar 2017	55	51	6	112
Apr 2017	52	37	4	93
May 2017	60	21	9	90
Jun 2017	54	21	11	86
Jul 2017	30	15	1	46
Aug 2017	10	20	0	30
Sep 2017	18	33	1	52
Oct 2017	20	22	1	43
Nov 2017	19	37	2	58
Dec 2017	22	32	0	54
Jan 2018	12	28	0	40
Feb 2018	19	22	2	43
Mar 2018	18	26	0	44
Apr 2018	19	24	0	43
May 2018	13	23	2	38
Jun 2018	11	21	0	32
Jul 2018	13	23	2	38
Aug 2018	13	17	1	31
Sep 2018	13	17	3	33
Oct 2018	13	39	3	55
Nov 2018	17	35	1	53
Dec 2018	14	22	2	38
Jan 2019	10	21	0	31
Feb 2019	11	15	1	27
Mar 2019	12	22	1	35
Apr 2019	10	23	0	33
May 2019	13	17	0	30
Jun 2019	8	29	2	39
Jul 2019	13	28	1	42
Aug 2019	11	20	0	31
Sep 2019	12	24	6	42
Oct 2019	15	30	1	46
Nov 2019	26	30	0	56
Dec 2019	24	19	0	43
Jan 2020	11	17	2	30
Feb 2020	13	18	3	34
Mar 2020	19	28	0	47
Apr 2020	14	30	1	45
May 2020	7	15	2	24
Jun 2020	16	13	1	30
Jul 2020	63	46	35	144
Aug 2020	15	8	4	27
Sep 2020	20	8	2	30
Oct 2020	12	13	1	26
Nov 2020	11	11	1	23
Dec 2020	24	14	1	39
Jan 2021	23	20	1	44
Feb 2021	17	19	0	36
Mar 2021	12	23	2	37
Apr 2021	10	11	0	21
May 2021	9	10	1	20
Jun 2021	5	13	0	18
Jul 2021	8	7	0	15
Aug 2021	7	10	2	19
Sep 2021	14	25	0	39
Oct 2021	14	58	0	72
Nov 2021	23	40	0	63
Dec 2021	18	9	2	29
Jan 2022	19	29	1	49
Feb 2022	20	24	1	45
Mar 2022	12	23	1	36
Apr 2022	12	8	0	20
May 2022	12	15	1	28
Jun 2022	13	16	1	30
Jul 2022	11	7	4	22
Aug 2022	11	7	0	18
Sep 2022	12	10	0	22
Oct 2022	19	16	5	40
Nov 2022	33	35	0	68
Dec 2022	24	25	3	52
Jan 2023	20	34	1	55
Feb 2023	18	19	0	37
Mar 2023	25	24	0	49
Apr 2023	14	24	1	39
May 2023	24	33	0	57
Jun 2023	13	15	0	28
Jul 2023	9	14	0	23
Aug 2023	13	5	4	22
Sep 2023	14	22	3	39
Oct 2023	13	21	2	36
Nov 2023	6	8	0	14
Dec 2023	30	30	4	64
Jan 2024	14	31	0	45
Feb 2024	11	26	0	37
Mar 2024	20	35	3	58
Apr 2024	29	34	8	71
May 2024	45	39	18	102
Jun 2024	52	47	4	103
Jul 2024	26	36	16	78
Aug 2024	38	12	0	50
Sep 2024	41	42	17	100
Oct 2024	29	29	8	66
Nov 2024	27	14	0	41
Dec 2024	22	38	1	61
Jan 2025	35	24	3	62
Feb 2025	36	34	2	72
Mar 2025	34	34	1	69
Apr 2025	40	23	0	63
May 2025	43	23	1	67
Jun 2025	46	38	1	85
Jul 2025	28	57	4	89
Aug 2025	66	57	2	125
Sep 2025	61	35	4	100
Oct 2025	23	47	3	73
Nov 2025	31	64	2	97

Latest update: 28 Nov 2025

Short summary

We address the dynamic glaciology of glacier-like forms (GLFs) on Mars, over 1300 of which are located in the planet's midlatitude regions. We present case studies to gain insight into (i) the former extent of GLFs, (ii) GLF motion and surface crevassing, (iii) GLF debris transfer (suggesting a best-estimate surface velocity of 7.5 mm/a over the past 2 Ma), and (iv) putative GLF surface hydrology. Finally, we present several possible research directions for the future study of Martian GLFs.