Articles | Volume 18, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1333-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1333-2024
Research article
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22 Mar 2024
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 22 Mar 2024

Extreme melting at Greenland's largest floating ice tongue

Ole Zeising, Niklas Neckel, Nils Dörr, Veit Helm, Daniel Steinhage, Ralph Timmermann, and Angelika Humbert

Data sets

Stake surface ablation/accumulation measurements at 79°N Glacier between 2017 and 2018 Ole Zeising et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.922131

Ice surface elevation and ice thickness at 79°N Glacier, Greenland from airborne measurements in July 2021 Ole Zeising et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.963752

Time series of Lagrangian basal melt rates at 79°N Glacier since 2016 Ole Zeising et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.928903

Lagrangian thinning rates at 79°N Glacier between 2017 and 2018 Ole Zeising et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.928541

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Co-editor-in-chief
This study addresses an important question regarding the stability of ice shelves, a question that is highly relevant for Greenland and Antarctica. Using a unique combination of observations, the authors document extensive thinning and extremely high basal melt rates at the floating tongue Nioghalvfjerdsbræ, North Greenland, an important and fast-changing part of the Greenland Ice Sheet. The increase in melt rates are suggested to be caused by an increase in surface melt that is funneling surface water under the ice shelf.
Short summary
The 79° North Glacier in Greenland has experienced significant changes over the last decades. Due to extreme melt rates, the ice has thinned significantly in the vicinity of the grounding line, where a large subglacial channel has formed since 2010. We attribute these changes to warm ocean currents and increased subglacial discharge from surface melt. However, basal melting has decreased since 2018, indicating colder water inflow into the cavity below the glacier.