Articles | Volume 14, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2331-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2331-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Experimental protocol for sea level projections from ISMIP6 stand-alone ice sheet models
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Heiko Goelzer
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Laboratoire de Glaciologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Hélène Seroussi
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, CA, USA
Anthony J. Payne
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
William H. Lipscomb
Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo,
Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
Cécile Agosta
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE-IPSL,
CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Patrick Alexander
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA
Xylar S. Asay-Davis
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
Alice Barthel
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
Thomas J. Bracegirdle
British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK
Richard Cullather
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Denis Felikson
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Xavier Fettweis
Laboratory of Climatology, Department of Geography, University of
Liège, Liège, Belgium
Jonathan M. Gregory
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading,
Reading, UK
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Tore Hattermann
Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway
Energy and Climate Group, Department of Physics and Technology, The Arctic University – University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
Nicolas C. Jourdain
Institut des Géosciences de
l'Environnement, Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/IRD/G-INP, Grenoble, France
Peter Kuipers Munneke
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Eric Larour
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, CA, USA
Christopher M. Little
Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc., Lexington,
Massachusetts, USA
Mathieu Morlighem
Department of Earth System Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
Isabel Nias
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental
Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
Andrew Shepherd
Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Erika Simon
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Donald Slater
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San
Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Robin S. Smith
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading,
Reading, UK
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Fiammetta Straneo
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San
Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Luke D. Trusel
Department of Geography, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
Michiel R. van den Broeke
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Roderik van de Wal
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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- Mass loss of the Antarctic ice sheet until the year 3000 under a sustained late-21st-century climate C. Chambers et al.
- Coupling framework (1.0) for the PISM (1.1.4) ice sheet model and the MOM5 (5.1.0) ocean model via the PICO ice shelf cavity model in an Antarctic domain M. Kreuzer et al.
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- Future surface mass balance and surface melt in the Amundsen sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet M. Donat-Magnin et al.
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- Contribution of surface and cloud radiative feedbacks to Greenland Ice Sheet meltwater production during 2002–2023 J. Ryan
- Increased sea-level contribution from northwestern Greenland for models that reproduce observations J. Badgeley et al.
- Modeling the Greenland Ice Sheet's Committed Contribution to Sea Level During the 21st Century I. Nias et al.
- The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP6) – Part 2: Projections of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution by the end of the 21st century A. Quiquet & C. Dumas
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- Antarctic grounding zone and bedrock: the interplay shaping Antarctic sea-level contribution S. Nowicki & H. Seroussi
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- Sensitivity of the future evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to grounding-line melt parameterizations Y. Wang et al.
- Uncovering Basal Friction in Northwest Greenland Using an Ice Flow Model and Observations of the Past Decade Y. Choi et al.
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- Rewiring climate modeling with machine learning emulators P. Van Katwyk et al.
- A protocol for calculating basal melt rates in the ISMIP6 Antarctic ice sheet projections N. Jourdain et al.
- Probabilistic projections of the Amery Ice Shelf catchment, Antarctica, under conditions of high ice-shelf basal melt S. Jantre et al.
- Reduced Ice Loss From Greenland Under Stratospheric Aerosol Injection J. Moore et al.
- Datasets and protocols for including anomalous freshwater from melting ice sheets in climate simulations G. Schmidt et al.
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- Past and future ocean warming L. Cheng et al.
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- Lessons for multi-model ensemble design drawn from emulator experiments: application to a large ensemble for 2100 sea level contributions of the Greenland ice sheet J. Rohmer et al.
- A Semi-Empirical Framework for ice sheet response analysis under Oceanic forcing in Antarctica and Greenland X. Luo & T. Lin
- Response of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to past and future climate change C. Stokes et al.
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- Climate model differences contribute deep uncertainty in future Antarctic ice loss D. Li et al.
- Assessing ice sheet models against the landform record: The Likelihood of Accordant Lineations Analysis (LALA) tool R. Archer et al.
- The increasingly dominant role of climate change on length of day variations M. Shahvandi et al.
- Brief communication: A roadmap towards credible projections of ice sheet contribution to sea level A. Aschwanden et al.
- Sensitivity to forecast surface mass balance outweighs sensitivity to basal sliding descriptions for 21st century mass loss from three major Greenland outlet glaciers J. Carr et al.
- Extending the range and reach of physically-based Greenland ice sheet sea-level projections H. Goelzer et al.
- Mass Balances of the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets Monitored from Space I. Otosaka et al.
- Changes in Antarctic surface conditions and potential for ice shelf hydrofracturing from 1850 to 2200 N. Jourdain et al.
- ISMIP6-based projections of ocean-forced Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution using the Community Ice Sheet Model W. Lipscomb et al.
- The role of subglacial hydrology in Antarctic ice sheet dynamics and stability: a modelling perspective C. Dow
- Antarctic calving loss rivals ice-shelf thinning C. Greene et al.
- Antarctic ice sheet response to sudden and sustained ice-shelf collapse (ABUMIP) S. Sun et al.
- Recent and future variability of the ice-sheet catchment of Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ), Greenland A. Løkkegaard et al.
- Mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet until the year 3000 under a sustained late-21st-century climate R. Greve & C. Chambers
- Improving interpretation of sea-level projections through a machine-learning-based local explanation approach J. Rohmer et al.
- The effect of the present-day imbalance on schematic and climate forced simulations of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse T. van den Akker et al.
- Uncertain ground: impact of bed topography on Antarctic Ice Sheet projections J. Caillet et al.
- The influence of present-day regional surface mass balance uncertainties on the future evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet C. Wirths et al.
- Antarctic contribution to future sea level from ice shelf basal melt as constrained by ice discharge observations E. van der Linden et al.
- Seasonal Tidewater Glacier Terminus Oscillations Bias Multi‐Decadal Projections of Ice Mass Change D. Felikson et al.
- Statistical emulation of a perturbed basal melt ensemble of an ice sheet model to better quantify Antarctic sea level rise uncertainties M. Berdahl et al.
- Widespread Grounding Line Retreat of Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, Over the 21st Century T. Pelle et al.
- Diverging future surface mass balance between the Antarctic ice shelves and grounded ice sheet C. Kittel et al.
- Communicating future sea-level rise uncertainty and ambiguity to assessment users R. Kopp et al.
- A framework for three-dimensional dynamic modeling of mountain glaciers in the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM v2.2) S. Minallah et al.
- ISMIP6 Antarctica: a multi-model ensemble of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution over the 21st century H. Seroussi et al.
- CMIP7 data request: land and land ice priorities and opportunities Y. Li et al.
- Synthetic bed topographies for Antarctica and their utility in ice sheet modelling F. McCormack et al.
- Greater Greenland Ice Sheet contribution to global sea level rise in CMIP6 S. Hofer et al.
- Insights into the vulnerability of Antarctic glaciers from the ISMIP6 ice sheet model ensemble and associated uncertainty H. Seroussi et al.
- The role of history and strength of the oceanic forcing in sea level projections from Antarctica with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model R. Reese et al.
- What is the global glacier ice volume outside the ice sheets? R. Hock et al.
- Model weighting for ISMIP6-Greenland based on observations and similarity among models X. Luo & S. Nowicki
- An evaluation of multi-fidelity methods for quantifying uncertainty in projections of ice-sheet mass change J. Jakeman et al.
- The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP6) – Part 1: Projections of the Greenland ice sheet evolution by the end of the 21st century A. Quiquet & C. Dumas
- Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise T. Edwards et al.
- Empirical projection of global sea level in 2050 driven by Antarctic and Greenland ice mass variations D. Lee et al.
- Ice-shelf retreat drives recent Pine Island Glacier speedup I. Joughin et al.
- Ice Shelf Basal Melt Rates in the Amundsen Sea at the End of the 21st Century N. Jourdain et al.
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Latest update: 30 Apr 2026
Short summary
This paper describes the experimental protocol for ice sheet models taking part in the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparion Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) and presents an overview of the atmospheric and oceanic datasets to be used for the simulations. The ISMIP6 framework allows for exploring the uncertainty in 21st century sea level change from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets.
This paper describes the experimental protocol for ice sheet models taking part in the Ice Sheet...
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