Articles | Volume 11, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-217-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-217-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Jan 2017
Research article |
| 27 Jan 2017
Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation
Johan Gaume
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
EPFL Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Lausanne, Switzerland
Alec van Herwijnen
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
Guillaume Chambon
Université Grenoble Alpes, Irstea, UR ETGR, Grenoble, France
Nander Wever
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
EPFL Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Lausanne, Switzerland
Jürg Schweizer
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
Viewed
Total article views: 6,407 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 13 Apr 2016)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,758 | 2,326 | 323 | 6,407 | 206 | 246 |
- HTML: 3,758
- PDF: 2,326
- XML: 323
- Total: 6,407
- BibTeX: 206
- EndNote: 246
Total article views: 5,244 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 27 Jan 2017)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,332 | 1,604 | 308 | 5,244 | 193 | 234 |
- HTML: 3,332
- PDF: 1,604
- XML: 308
- Total: 5,244
- BibTeX: 193
- EndNote: 234
Total article views: 1,163 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 13 Apr 2016)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 426 | 722 | 15 | 1,163 | 13 | 12 |
- HTML: 426
- PDF: 722
- XML: 15
- Total: 1,163
- BibTeX: 13
- EndNote: 12
Cited
69 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Probabilistic size effect law for mode II fracture from critical lengths in snow slab avalanche weak layers D. McCLUNG & C. BORSTAD 10.1017/jog.2018.88
- Acoustic emission monitoring and analyses for avalanche release and slab fracturing events observed in Great Himalaya J. Kapil et al. 10.1080/10589759.2023.2208717
- Influence of slab depth spatial variability on skier-triggering probability and avalanche size F. Meloche et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.3
- Predicting mixed mode damage propagation in snowpack using the extended cohesive damage element method J. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103567
- Modeling weak snow layer fracture in propagation saw test using an ice column model A. Upadhyay et al. 10.1080/15230430.2022.2123254
- Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling F. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024
- A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test L. Benedetti et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.12.033
- Satellite detection of snow avalanches using Sentinel-1 in a transitional snow climate Z. Keskinen et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103558
- Micromechanical investigation of snow failure under mixed-mode loading T. Mede et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2020.04.020
- Constitutive description of snow at finite strains by the modified cam‐clay model and an implicit gradient damage formulation A. Moeineddin et al. 10.1002/nme.7595
- A medial axis based method for irregular grain shape representation in DEM simulations T. Mede et al. 10.1007/s10035-017-0785-7
- The triggering mechanisms for different types of snow avalanches in the continental snow climate of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1007/s11430-021-9983-0
- Microstructure-based modelling of snow mechanics: experimental evaluation of the cone penetration test C. Herny et al. 10.5194/tc-18-3787-2024
- Investigating the release and flow of snow avalanches at the slope-scale using a unified model based on the material point method J. Gaume et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102847
- Crack propagation speeds in weak snowpack layers B. Bergfeld et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.118
- Bayesian networks and intelligence technology applied to climate change: An application of fuzzy logic based simulation in avalanche simulation risk assessment using GIS in a Western Himalayan region T. Arumugam et al. 10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101272
- Cohesion‐Induced Enhancement of Aeolian Saltation F. Comola et al. 10.1029/2019GL082195
- Comparing measurements of snow mechanical properties relevant for slab avalanche release B. REUTER et al. 10.1017/jog.2018.93
- Snow Failure Modes Under Mixed Loading T. Mede et al. 10.1029/2018GL080637
- The RHOSSA campaign: multi-resolution monitoring of the seasonal evolution of the structure and mechanical stability of an alpine snowpack N. Calonne et al. 10.5194/tc-14-1829-2020
- Computational micromechanics of porous brittle solids L. Blatny et al. 10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104284
- 天山中部大陆性雪气候条件下不同类型雪崩的诱发机制 建. 郝 et al. 10.1360/SSTe-2021-0076
- Micro-mechanical insights into the dynamics of crack propagation in snow fracture experiments G. Bobillier et al. 10.1038/s41598-021-90910-3
- Modelling snowpack stability from simulated snow stratigraphy: Summary and implementation examples L. Viallon-Galinier et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103596
- Timing and identification of potential snow avalanche types: a case study of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1007/s10346-021-01766-7
- Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty B. Richter et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-2873-2020
- Transition from sub-Rayleigh anticrack to supershear crack propagation in snow avalanches B. Trottet et al. 10.1038/s41567-022-01662-4
- Fracture toughness of mixed-mode anticracks in highly porous materials V. Adam et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-51491-7
- Studying Snow Failure With Fiber Bundle Models A. Capelli et al. 10.3389/fphy.2020.00236
- Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK B. Richter et al. 10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019
- A random forest model to assess snow instability from simulated snow stratigraphy S. Mayer et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4593-2022
- Quantifying short-term changes in snow strength due to increasing liquid water content above hydraulic barriers M. Schlumpf et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.104056
- Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation J. Gaume & B. Reuter 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.05.011
- Application of physical snowpack models in support of operational avalanche hazard forecasting: A status report on current implementations and prospects for the future S. Morin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102910
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 2: Coupled mixed-mode criterion for skier-triggered anticracks P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-131-2020
- Micromechanical modeling of snow failure G. Bobillier et al. 10.5194/tc-14-39-2020
- Microstructural Origin of Propagating Compaction Patterns in Porous Media L. Blatny et al. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.228002
- Simulation of aerodynamic entrainment with interparticle cohesions based on discrete element method S. Jia & Z. Wang 10.1002/esp.5109
- Fragmentation of wind‐blown snow crystals F. Comola et al. 10.1002/2017GL073039
- Characterizing snow instability with avalanche problem types derived from snow cover simulations B. Reuter et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103462
- Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release J. Gaume et al. 10.1029/2018GL078900
- A theoretical framework for dynamic anticrack and supershear propagation in snow slab avalanches M. Siron et al. 10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105428
- Microstructural controls of anticrack nucleation in highly porous brittle solids J. Ritter et al. 10.1038/s41598-020-67926-2
- Measuring the Elastic Modulus of Snow B. Gerling et al. 10.1002/2017GL075110
- A closed-form model for layered snow slabs P. Weißgraeber & P. Rosendahl 10.5194/tc-17-1475-2023
- Dynamic anticrack propagation in snow J. Gaume et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05181-w
- Temporal changes in the mechanical properties of snow related to crack propagation after loading K. Birkeland et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.11.007
- El rol de los términos de fricción y cohesión en la modelización bidimensional de fluidos no Newtonianos: avalanchas de nieve densa M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.4995/ia.2023.20080
- Las ecuaciones de Saint Venant para la modelización de avalanchas de nieve densa M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.4995/ia.2020.12302
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation B. Bergfeld et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023
- Synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns associated with deep persistent slab avalanches in the western United States A. Schauer et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-757-2021
- The mechanism of delayed release in earthquake-induced avalanches A. Puzrin et al. 10.1098/rspa.2019.0092
- Ice sintering: Dependence of sintering force on temperature, load, duration, and particle size H. Bahaloo et al. 10.1063/5.0073824
- Numerical investigation of crack propagation regimes in snow fracture experiments G. Bobillier et al. 10.1007/s10035-024-01423-5
- Estimation of Spatial Snowpack Properties in a Snow-Avalanche Release Area: An Extreme Case on Mt. Nodanishoji, Japan, in 2021 Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0895
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-115-2020
- Numerical modelling of dense snow avalanches with a well-balanced scheme based on the 2D shallow water equations M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.1017/jog.2023.48
- Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland C. Pérez-Guillén et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022
- Large-ensemble climate simulations to assess changes in snow stability over northern Japan Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.85
- Automatic Detection of Regional Snow Avalanches with Scattering and Interference of C-band SAR Data J. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs12172781
- Implementation of an early warning for snowfall-triggered avalanche to road safety in the Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103675
- Combining modelled snowpack stability with machine learning to predict avalanche activity L. Viallon-Galinier et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2245-2023
- Mechanisms of slab avalanche release and impact in the Dyatlov Pass incident in 1959 J. Gaume & A. Puzrin 10.1038/s43247-020-00081-8
- Modeling spatially distributed snow instability at a regional scale using Alpine3D B. Richter et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.61
- Numerical investigation of the mixed-mode failure of snow D. Mulak & J. Gaume 10.1007/s40571-019-00224-5
- On recent advances in avalanche research J. Schweizer 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.10.014
- Effects of Climate Change on Avalanche Accidents and Survival G. Strapazzon et al. 10.3389/fphys.2021.639433
- Numerical investigation of the effect of cohesion and ground friction on snow avalanches flow regimes C. Ligneau et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0264033
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation propensity in snow in relation to slab and weak layer properties J. Schweizer et al. 10.5194/tc-10-2637-2016
67 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Probabilistic size effect law for mode II fracture from critical lengths in snow slab avalanche weak layers D. McCLUNG & C. BORSTAD 10.1017/jog.2018.88
- Acoustic emission monitoring and analyses for avalanche release and slab fracturing events observed in Great Himalaya J. Kapil et al. 10.1080/10589759.2023.2208717
- Influence of slab depth spatial variability on skier-triggering probability and avalanche size F. Meloche et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.3
- Predicting mixed mode damage propagation in snowpack using the extended cohesive damage element method J. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103567
- Modeling weak snow layer fracture in propagation saw test using an ice column model A. Upadhyay et al. 10.1080/15230430.2022.2123254
- Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling F. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024
- A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test L. Benedetti et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.12.033
- Satellite detection of snow avalanches using Sentinel-1 in a transitional snow climate Z. Keskinen et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103558
- Micromechanical investigation of snow failure under mixed-mode loading T. Mede et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2020.04.020
- Constitutive description of snow at finite strains by the modified cam‐clay model and an implicit gradient damage formulation A. Moeineddin et al. 10.1002/nme.7595
- A medial axis based method for irregular grain shape representation in DEM simulations T. Mede et al. 10.1007/s10035-017-0785-7
- The triggering mechanisms for different types of snow avalanches in the continental snow climate of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1007/s11430-021-9983-0
- Microstructure-based modelling of snow mechanics: experimental evaluation of the cone penetration test C. Herny et al. 10.5194/tc-18-3787-2024
- Investigating the release and flow of snow avalanches at the slope-scale using a unified model based on the material point method J. Gaume et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102847
- Crack propagation speeds in weak snowpack layers B. Bergfeld et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.118
- Bayesian networks and intelligence technology applied to climate change: An application of fuzzy logic based simulation in avalanche simulation risk assessment using GIS in a Western Himalayan region T. Arumugam et al. 10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101272
- Cohesion‐Induced Enhancement of Aeolian Saltation F. Comola et al. 10.1029/2019GL082195
- Comparing measurements of snow mechanical properties relevant for slab avalanche release B. REUTER et al. 10.1017/jog.2018.93
- Snow Failure Modes Under Mixed Loading T. Mede et al. 10.1029/2018GL080637
- The RHOSSA campaign: multi-resolution monitoring of the seasonal evolution of the structure and mechanical stability of an alpine snowpack N. Calonne et al. 10.5194/tc-14-1829-2020
- Computational micromechanics of porous brittle solids L. Blatny et al. 10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104284
- 天山中部大陆性雪气候条件下不同类型雪崩的诱发机制 建. 郝 et al. 10.1360/SSTe-2021-0076
- Micro-mechanical insights into the dynamics of crack propagation in snow fracture experiments G. Bobillier et al. 10.1038/s41598-021-90910-3
- Modelling snowpack stability from simulated snow stratigraphy: Summary and implementation examples L. Viallon-Galinier et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103596
- Timing and identification of potential snow avalanche types: a case study of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1007/s10346-021-01766-7
- Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty B. Richter et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-2873-2020
- Transition from sub-Rayleigh anticrack to supershear crack propagation in snow avalanches B. Trottet et al. 10.1038/s41567-022-01662-4
- Fracture toughness of mixed-mode anticracks in highly porous materials V. Adam et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-51491-7
- Studying Snow Failure With Fiber Bundle Models A. Capelli et al. 10.3389/fphy.2020.00236
- Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK B. Richter et al. 10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019
- A random forest model to assess snow instability from simulated snow stratigraphy S. Mayer et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4593-2022
- Quantifying short-term changes in snow strength due to increasing liquid water content above hydraulic barriers M. Schlumpf et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.104056
- Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation J. Gaume & B. Reuter 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.05.011
- Application of physical snowpack models in support of operational avalanche hazard forecasting: A status report on current implementations and prospects for the future S. Morin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102910
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 2: Coupled mixed-mode criterion for skier-triggered anticracks P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-131-2020
- Micromechanical modeling of snow failure G. Bobillier et al. 10.5194/tc-14-39-2020
- Microstructural Origin of Propagating Compaction Patterns in Porous Media L. Blatny et al. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.228002
- Simulation of aerodynamic entrainment with interparticle cohesions based on discrete element method S. Jia & Z. Wang 10.1002/esp.5109
- Fragmentation of wind‐blown snow crystals F. Comola et al. 10.1002/2017GL073039
- Characterizing snow instability with avalanche problem types derived from snow cover simulations B. Reuter et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103462
- Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release J. Gaume et al. 10.1029/2018GL078900
- A theoretical framework for dynamic anticrack and supershear propagation in snow slab avalanches M. Siron et al. 10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105428
- Microstructural controls of anticrack nucleation in highly porous brittle solids J. Ritter et al. 10.1038/s41598-020-67926-2
- Measuring the Elastic Modulus of Snow B. Gerling et al. 10.1002/2017GL075110
- A closed-form model for layered snow slabs P. Weißgraeber & P. Rosendahl 10.5194/tc-17-1475-2023
- Dynamic anticrack propagation in snow J. Gaume et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05181-w
- Temporal changes in the mechanical properties of snow related to crack propagation after loading K. Birkeland et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.11.007
- El rol de los términos de fricción y cohesión en la modelización bidimensional de fluidos no Newtonianos: avalanchas de nieve densa M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.4995/ia.2023.20080
- Las ecuaciones de Saint Venant para la modelización de avalanchas de nieve densa M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.4995/ia.2020.12302
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation B. Bergfeld et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023
- Synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns associated with deep persistent slab avalanches in the western United States A. Schauer et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-757-2021
- The mechanism of delayed release in earthquake-induced avalanches A. Puzrin et al. 10.1098/rspa.2019.0092
- Ice sintering: Dependence of sintering force on temperature, load, duration, and particle size H. Bahaloo et al. 10.1063/5.0073824
- Numerical investigation of crack propagation regimes in snow fracture experiments G. Bobillier et al. 10.1007/s10035-024-01423-5
- Estimation of Spatial Snowpack Properties in a Snow-Avalanche Release Area: An Extreme Case on Mt. Nodanishoji, Japan, in 2021 Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0895
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-115-2020
- Numerical modelling of dense snow avalanches with a well-balanced scheme based on the 2D shallow water equations M. Sanz-Ramos et al. 10.1017/jog.2023.48
- Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland C. Pérez-Guillén et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022
- Large-ensemble climate simulations to assess changes in snow stability over northern Japan Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.85
- Automatic Detection of Regional Snow Avalanches with Scattering and Interference of C-band SAR Data J. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs12172781
- Implementation of an early warning for snowfall-triggered avalanche to road safety in the Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103675
- Combining modelled snowpack stability with machine learning to predict avalanche activity L. Viallon-Galinier et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2245-2023
- Mechanisms of slab avalanche release and impact in the Dyatlov Pass incident in 1959 J. Gaume & A. Puzrin 10.1038/s43247-020-00081-8
- Modeling spatially distributed snow instability at a regional scale using Alpine3D B. Richter et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.61
- Numerical investigation of the mixed-mode failure of snow D. Mulak & J. Gaume 10.1007/s40571-019-00224-5
- On recent advances in avalanche research J. Schweizer 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.10.014
- Effects of Climate Change on Avalanche Accidents and Survival G. Strapazzon et al. 10.3389/fphys.2021.639433
2 citations as recorded by crossref.
Saved (preprint)
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 23 Nov 2024
Short summary
Based on DEM simulations we developed a new model for the onset of crack propagation in snow slab avalanche release. The model reconciles past approaches by considering the complex interplay between slab elasticity and the mechanical behavior of the weak layer including its structural collapse. The model agrees with extensive field data and can reproduce crack propagation on low-angle terrain and the decrease in critical crack length with increasing slope angle observed in numerical experiments.
Based on DEM simulations we developed a new model for the onset of crack propagation in snow...
