the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
05 Jan 2021
05 Jan 2021
Reconstruction of annual accumulation rate on firn synchronizing H2O2 concentration data with an estimated temperature record
- 1Graduate Program in Geophysics, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa n. 01, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- 2Graduate Program in Geology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, Brazil
- 3Centro Polar e Climatico, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- 4Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, USA
- 5School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- 1Graduate Program in Geophysics, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa n. 01, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- 2Graduate Program in Geology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, Brazil
- 3Centro Polar e Climatico, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- 4Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, USA
- 5School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
Abstract. This work deals with two distinct datasets, a well preserved H2O2 concentration data from firn cores at a high deposition location and a temperature time series, estimated from the daily records from four Antarctic stations around the Antarctic Peninsula. With them we have produced a time scale, an ice–core chronology, for the 133 deep borehole DP-07-1 from Plateau Detroit, Antarctic Peninsula. We constructed the chronology through a non-linear pairing transformation of the two series, based entirely on mathematical optimization, compensating the peroxide frequency scaling, reflecting the gradual thinning of the annual firn layers with depth. We resorted to a dynamic time warping algorithm to find an optimal alignment between the two data series, allowing for the thinning of the annual firn layers with depth and the estimation of their original thicknesses at time of deposition. The core chronology spanning from Jan-1980 to Dec-2010 for the borehole reach, a time frame of a mere 30 years period, revealing a fairly stable 11 year average for the accumulation rate of 2.5 m w.e./y.
Jandyr M. Travassos et al.
Status: final response (author comments only)
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RC1: 'Comment on tc-2020-342', Anonymous Referee #1, 11 Mar 2021
Review of
Reconstruction of annual accumulation rate on firn synchronizing H2O2 concentration data with an estimated temperature record
By Travassos and others
Summary
This study uses optimization procedures to match and therewith date a 133 m firn/ice core record from Detroit Plateau on the Antarctic Peninsula, using a combination of hydrogen peroxide concentrations from the core and seasonally resolved temperature records from four nearby meteorological stations. The precise dating allows making an estimate of the firn thinning rate with depth and the reconstruction of the original layer thickness. When combined with a density profile this leads to annual accumulation rates. The quantitative result is a stable (over an 11-year period) high accumulation rate of 2.5 m w.e. per year.General assessment
The paper is clear and concisely written and the methods are clearly explained. The figures are of good quality. The originality of the science is good, although after reading one is left with the impression that a lot of effort went into obtaining a key result (accumulation) that would also have been obtained by simple layer counting. The added value is the objectivity of the method, at the price of having to use a proxy for insolation, i.e. temperature, to perform the warping. To enhance impact, see the final major comment below.Major comments
l. 34: “surficial atmospheric temperature alone as a proxy for the solar irradiation” Why would the temperature be a good proxy for insolation? It is well known that the seasonal cycle in temperature lags that of insolation, especially in regions where horizontal advection is important and when open seas are nearby. Moreover, sea ice cover may influence the seasonality, depending on wind direction and time of year. Please provide more evidence that the used temperature record lines up well with (top-of-atmosphere) insolation, and how discarding the Bellingshausen record makes a difference. Another useful addition might be to select subsets of the four stations to study the dependency of the final result on station selection, and compare what happens if e.g. simple time series of top of atmosphere insolation is selected as a counter of the passing of the years.Further to the above: what potential role does precipitation seasonality play in influencing the signal? And how sensitive are your results to the filtering applied to both time series?
An important outcome of this work is not only the average accumulation rate but also the interannual accumulation variability, which is very large (Fig. 5). To enhance the impact of the paper I would like to see a direct comparison of the annual accumulation time series as obtained from this study and as obtained from simple layer counting, as often done in glaciology.
Minor and textual comments
l. 19: The H2O2 -> Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
l. 19: “surficial and atmospheric” Do you refer to H2O2 or solar radiation? Unclear what you mean here, please reformulate
l. 26: Can it be briefly explained why the concentration ratios differ by an order of magnitude between atmosphere and snow? What about the diffusion of the signal in the ice core?
l. 29: Plateau Detroit -> Detroit Plateau (throughout, please)
l. 34: surficial atmospheric temperature alone as a proxy for the solar irradiation -> near-surface (2 m) atmospheric temperature alone as a proxy for the solar irradiation
l. 68: “conductivity measurements on ice cores down to 20m had a modal value of 40.4µS/cm” What is the added value of this information?
l. 75: “along the 98m of ice cores” Earlier, ice core length was 133 m, with intact ice until 109.3 m/ Where is this number coming from?
l. 84: “the first 100m” See above.
l. 94: “We have considered 95 only the maximum daily temperature reading at each station” Why? When was the reading taken at the station with one reading per day?
l. 96: “, using a conservative lapse rate for the decreasing of temperature with altitude of −0.55â¦C/100m” Since you have a good estimate of the annual mean surface temperature at Detroit Plateau (being the 10 m firn temperature, assuming no meltwater refreezing), you can estimate the temperature lapse rate yourself, neglecting the temperature difference between surface and 2 m.
l. 155: Begin this line with a small introductory remark, e.g.: “The analysis proceeds as follows: “
l. 164: Typo “increasing”
l. 196: Typo “As ice sheet”
l. 216: Why was an 11-year moving average chosen?
l. 222: Although both accumulation estimates are close, they still differ by more than 10%. Is this within the range of expectations?
l. 234: Typo “equals”
l. 238: Add “of” between “Peninsula” and “0.8”
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Saulo Martins, 10 Apr 2021
Dear Reviewer,
We would like to thank you for your time and effort applied to read our manuscript. We are happy to inform you that we applied your suggestions besides, we add new information to the text.
All the answers can be found in the file in the attachment. Please let us know if the answer was clear.
One more time, thank you so much for your review. Your comments were really important for the improvement of the quality of the manuscript.
The Authors
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Saulo Martins, 10 Apr 2021
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RC2: 'Comment on tc-2020-342', Anonymous Referee #2, 15 Mar 2021
This study reports an ice-core dating method, based on a non-linear pairing transformation of H2O2 concentration data and a time series of estimated temperature, for the chronology of 113m deep borehole from Detroit Plateau at the Antarctic Peninsula. The thinning of annual firn layers is considered in this method. According to the chronology, combining with snow density, snow accumulation rate is determined during 1980-2010.
Ice core dating is a primary prerequisite for recovering climatic and environmental information using ice core records. The dating method presented here is new and important. The manuscript is well organized and well written. The figures are interesting. In my opinion, the manuscript should be accepted after addressing the following comments.
Main comments
- Despite the importance of the presented dating method, I think it is difficult to be widely used for other ice core dating over Antarctica, because the long-term temperature observations are too sparse. Therefore, its potential applications should be carefully clarified to add the value of this study.
- The authors make so many efforts on the chronology, and seem to only obtain the important accumulation rate results, which are easily determined by layer counting. This greatly reduce the scientific value of the present manuscript. So it is necessary to clarify the priority of your method relative to layer counting after a comparison.
- To further add the scientific values, interpretation of cause of the resulting snow accumulation rate changes since 1980 is required. I also would like to see further comparison of this time series with other previously published ice core snow accumulation over the Antarctic Peninsula.
- This manuscript gives results, but not discuss them.
Minor comments
Line 1 Change “peroxide, H2O2,” to “peroxide (H2O2)”
Line 11 “e.g. Masson-Delmotte et al. (2006).” should be “(e.g., Masson-Delmotte et al., 2006)”
Line 29 Change “Plateau Detroit” to “Detroit Plateau”, and check throughout the text.
Line 93-97 Please give some discussion on the uncertainty of the interpolation.
Line 215-218, The determined snow accumulation time series is only 28 year, and 11-year moving average is statistical significance? Please explain this.
Figure 4, suggest to use full lines and dotted line to discriminate H2O2 and temperature more clearly.
Figure 5, the horizontal ordinate is vague.
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AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Saulo Martins, 16 Apr 2021
Dear Reviewer,
We would like to thank you for your time and effort applied to read our manuscript. We are happy to inform you that we applied your suggestions besides, we add new information to the text.
All the answers can be found in the file in the attachment. Please let us know if the answer was clear.
One more time, thank you so much for your review. Your comments were really important for the improvement of the quality of the manuscript.
The Authors
Jandyr M. Travassos et al.
Jandyr M. Travassos et al.
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