Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles
- 1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), UMR 5001, Grenoble, France
- 2Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- 3WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
- 4GAMMA Remote Sensing AG, Gümligen, Switzerland
- 1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), UMR 5001, Grenoble, France
- 2Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- 3WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
- 4GAMMA Remote Sensing AG, Gümligen, Switzerland
Abstract. Microwave remote sensing of the cryosphere demands a formulation of the scattering coefficient which can be applied over the entire range of relevant densities, from fresh snow to bubbly ice, at all frequencies and for any grain size and snow type. Most challenging are intermediate densities (450–550 kg m−3) and high frequencies (or coarse-grained snow) where current scattering formulations break down. In this brief communication we demonstrate that the strong contrast expansion method, recently developed for heterogeneous, dielectric media can be applied to microwave scattering in snow, firn and ice for solving these problems.
Ghislain Picard et al.
Status: open (extended)
Ghislain Picard et al.
Model code and software
Snow Microwave Radiatiave Transfer Ghislain Picard, Melody Sandells, Henning Löwe https://github.com/smrt-model/smrt
Ghislain Picard et al.
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