TCD The Cryosphere Discussions TCD The Cryosphere Discuss. 1994-0440 Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/tcd-7-507-2013 An inventory of glacier changes between 1973 and 2011 for the Geladandong Mountain area, China Zhang J. 1 2 Braaten D. 2 Li X. 2 She J. 2 3 Tao F. 1 Department of Geography, School of Geography, Nantong University, 999 Waihuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China Department of Geography, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd Lawrence, KS 66045, USA School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China 12 02 2013 7 1 507 531 Copyright: © 2013 J. Zhang et al. 2013 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://tc.copernicus.org/preprints/7/507/2013/tcd-7-507-2013.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://tc.copernicus.org/preprints/7/507/2013/tcd-7-507-2013.pdf

The snow and ice of the Geladangong Mountain area supply the headwaters of the Yangtze River, and long-term changes to glaciers and ice masses in this region due to a warming climate are of great concern. An inventory of glacier boundaries and changes over decades for the Geladandong Mountain area in China has been conducted using remote sensing imagery from Landsat (MSS, TM, ETM+), CERBES CCD, and GIS techniques. Variations in glacier extent has been measured using a~series of digital images since 1973, including Landsat MSS in 1973, Landsat TM in 1992, Landsat ETM+ in 2004, and CBERS CCD in 2011. All Landsat data are snow-free outside the glacier boundaries, allowing an unsupervised classification method to be used to extract glacier area. For the CBERS CCD data, some areas were covered by clouds and snow, requiring an initial unsupervised classification method to divide glacier, clouds and snow from other land types, followed by a supervised visual interpretation to extract glacier area. The results show a decrease in glacier ice cover in the study area during the past 38 yr. From 1973 to 2011, glacier area decreased from 107 105 hectares to 94 220 hectares, or a change of &minus;12%. The speed at which ice cover is being lost has been decreasing during the past 38 yr. The rate of glacier area loss was 0.47% yr<sup>−1</sup> from 1973–1992, 0.19% yr<sup>−1</sup> from 1992–2004, and 0.14% yr<sup>−1</sup> from 2004–2011. While most of the glaciers are shrinking, some are expanding. For the 1973 to 2004 period, retreating glaciers exposed 14 447 hectares of land, and advancing glaciers spread over 2682 hectares that were not covered by ice in 1973. The net glacier area decrease is 11 765 hectares from 1973–2004. For the 1973 to 2011 period, glaciers expanded over 3791 hectares, and retreated from 16 504 hectares.

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