The Cryosphere
The Cryosphere
TC
Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-19-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-19-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
Research article
 | 
08 Jan 2025
Research article |  | 08 Jan 2025

A quasi-one-dimensional ice mélange flow model based on continuum descriptions of granular materials

Jason M. Amundson, Alexander A. Robel, Justin C. Burton, and Kavinda Nissanka

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Short summary
Some fjords contain dense packs of icebergs referred to as ice mélange. Ice mélange can affect the stability of marine-terminating glaciers by resisting the calving of new icebergs and by modifying fjord currents and water properties. We have developed the first numerical model of ice mélange that captures its granular nature and that is suitable for long-timescale simulations. The model is capable of explaining why some glaciers are more strongly influenced by ice mélange than others.
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